Influência da secagem sobre o rendimento e composição química dos compostos voláteis das raízes de Piper piscatorum Trel. & Yunck. (Piperaceae)

In this study, we evaluated the yield and chemical composition of volatile compounds obtained from fresh, dried at 30 and 40 ºC respectively of Piper piscatorum, employing the technique of hydrodistillation. The volatile were chemically characterized by GC-MS and GC-FID. The main volatile compounds were selin-11-en-4-a-ol (57,63 ± 3,07%; 53,95 ± 1,56% and 56,20 ± 0,43%) and benzyl benzoate (15,40 ± 0,36%; 16,32 ± 0,85% and 15,04 ± 0,24%).The drying of the raw material reduced yield of volatile compounds, changing their chemical compositions

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Efeito da adubação e do calcário na produção de matéria seca e de óleo essencial de pimenta-longa

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito de diferentes doses de N, P e K, em solo que recebeu ou não calcário, sobre a produção de matéria seca e de óleo essencial de pimenta-longa (Piper hispidinervum C. DC.). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados no esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 3, com três doses de N (0, 8 e 16 g/planta de N), P (0, 5 e 10 g/planta de P2O5) e K (0, 5 e 10 g/planta de K2O). Aos 6 e 12 meses após o transplantio, foi avaliada a produção de matéria seca de ramos e folhas, e de óleo essencial. As doses de P promoveram efeito quadrático sobre a produção de matéria seca, com respostas máximas obtidas com 7,1 e 9,6 g/planta de P2O5, no solo que recebeu ou não calcário, respectivamente. Em solo não calcareado, as doses de N promoveram efeito quadrático sobre as produções de matéria seca e de óleo essencial, com os pontos de máxima de 10,2 e 9,4 g/planta de N, respectivamente. O P foi o nutriente que promoveu efeito mais pronunciado no aumento da produção de matéria seca. As médias de produção de matéria seca e de óleo essencial foram maiores no ensaio onde o solo foi calcareado (6.451 kg/ha e 167 L/ha, respectivamente), do que as obtidas no solo não calcareado (5.003 kg/ha e 145 L/ha, respectivamente)

Emprego do carvão ativado para remoção de cobre em cachaça Using activated carbon to remove copper from sugar cane spirit

<abstract language="eng">Copper content is of great concern among sugarcane-spirit producers. It is released from copper-made distillers, during the distillation process. Activated carbon has been used to remove copper. However, depending on the amount of carbon and the duration of reaction, it can also remove higher alcohols and esters, which are important in the final product. A sugarcane spirit with 9 mg L-1 of copper was shaken with 2 to 26 g L-1 of activated carbon, during 10 to 1440 minutes. Then, copper and organic compounds were measured. At least 12 g L-1 of carbon and 60 min shaking time were necessary to decrease copper bellow 5 mg L-1. However, other components of the product were also affected

Emprego do carvão ativado para remoção de cobre em cachaça

Copper content is of great concern among sugarcane-spirit producers. It is released from copper-made distillers, during the distillation process. Activated carbon has been used to remove copper. However, depending on the amount of carbon and the duration of reaction, it can also remove higher alcohols and esters, which are important in the final product. A sugarcane spirit with 9 mg L-1 of copper was shaken with 2 to 26 g L-1 of activated carbon, during 10 to 1440 minutes. Then, copper and organic compounds were measured. At least 12 g L-1 of carbon and 60 min shaking time were necessary to decrease copper bellow 5 mg L-1. However, other components of the product were also affected

Ação fungitóxica do óleo essencial de Tanaecium nocturnum (Barb. Rodr.) Bur. e K. Shum sobre o Aspergillus flavus isolado da castanha-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa) Fungitoxic action of the essential oil of Tanaecium nocturnum (Barb. Rodr.) Bur. and K. Shum on Aspergillus flavus isolated from the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa)

Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a capacidade fungitóxica do óleo essencial de folhas frescas de Tanaecium nocturnum sobre o Aspergillus flavus isolado da castanha-do-brasil, por meio das técnicas de contato e fumigação. Pelos resultados dos bioensaios realizados até 10 dias de incubação, verificou-se que a inibição total do crescimento micelial ocorreu quando se utilizou o óleo essencial nas concentrações de 782 ppm (técnica de contato) e 1000 ppm (técnica de fumigação). Em ambas as técnicas, o óleo essencial inibiu a esporulação a partir da concentração de 500 ppm. Observou-se que nos cinco primeiros dias de incubação não houve diferença significativa nos resultados apresentados pelas duas técnicas estudadas, havendo a partir daí uma redução da atividade do óleo essencial nas concentrações inferiores a 1000 ppm pelo teste de fumigação. A ação fungitóxica do óleo essencial sobre o microrganismo estudado pode ser atribuída à presença do benzaldeído (composto majoritário do óleo essencial estudado), em associação com outros compostos também presentes nesse óleo essencial, tais como; álcool benzílico, benzoato de benzila e mandelonitrila.The present work sought to evaluate the fungitoxic activity of the essential oil from fresh Tanaecium nocturnum fresh leaves on Aspergillus flavus isolated from Brazil nuts, using contact and fumigation techniques. The results of bioassays performed up to 10 days of incubation demonstrated that total inhibition of mycelial growth occurred when using the essential oil at concentrations of 782 ppm (contact technique) and 1000 ppm (fumigation technique). In both techniques, the essential oil inhibited the formation of spores at the concentration of 500 ppm. No significant difference in the results presented by the two techniques was observed in the first five days of incubation. After this period, the essential oil showed a reduction in activity at concentrations lower than 1000 ppm in the fumigation test. The fungitoxic activity of the essential oil on the organism studied can be attributed to the presence of benzaldehyde (major component of the essential oil), in combination with other compounds also present in this oil, such as, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate and mandelonitrila

Pulmonary choristoma associated with calf meningocele Coristoma pulmonar e meningocele em um bezerro

Pulmonary choristoma is a rare malformation reported in different animal species defined as a mass of normal histological pulmonary tissue in an abnormal location. A case of pulmonary choristoma and meningocele is reported in a calf that presented a fluctuating subcutaneous fluid containing mass, measuring 15 x 15 x 20cm in the skull frontal region. The skin covering the sac was surgically removed. Macroscopically, subcutaneous nodules up to 2cm in diameter with irregular whitish areas mixed with red areas were observed. In the histological examination, pulmonary lobules tissue composed by alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles and cartilage were observed. Dilated blood vessels and hemorrhages were present between the lobules. In this case the pulmonary choristoma was associated with meningocele, and probably was the mechanical cause for the failure of the skull closure.Coristoma pulmonar é uma malformação rara, reportada em diferentes espécies animais. Este trabalho descreve um caso de coristoma pulmonar associado à meningocele em uma bezerra. O animal apresentava uma massa flutuante contendo transudato e medindo 15 x 15 x 20cm na região frontal do crânio. A pele que formava o saco cheio de líquido foi removida cirurgicamente. Por baixo da pele observavam-se nódulos subcutâneos de até 2cm, irregulares e com áreas esbranquiçadas entremeadas com áreas vermelhas. Na microscopia, observaram-se lóbulos de tecido pulmonar compostos por alvéolos, bronquíolos, brônquios e cartilagem. Nesse caso, o coristoma pulmonar estava associado à meningocele, e provavelmente foi a causa mecânica do não fechamento do crânio

Evaluation of Primary Health Care attributes of Fortaleza city, Ceará State, Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the Primary Health Care attributes of Fortaleza city, Ceará State. Method: Evaluative study carried out at 97 Primary Health Care Units, from August 2015 to June 2016. 451 professionals from the Family Health Strategy participated in the study. We used the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Brazil, which evaluates the attributes, assigning scores on a scale of zero to ten. We adopted as a cut-off point, to consider high Primary Care score, attributes with a value of 6.60 or higher. Results: Among the eight attributes evaluated the First Contact Access and the Coordination - Information System were the ones that obtained the lowest and highest scores, (2.98) and (7.82), respectively. The Overall Score, calculated by means of a mean of the attributes, was 6.34. Conclusion: The Primary Care evaluated had a low score, showing the need to discuss mechanisms to boost the attributes that obtained low scores

Efeito da adubação e do calcário na produção de matéria seca e de óleo essencial de pimenta-longa Effect of fertilization and limestone application on production of dry matter and essential oil of long pepper

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito de diferentes doses de N, P e K, em solo que recebeu ou não calcário, sobre a produção de matéria seca e de óleo essencial de pimenta-longa (Piper hispidinervum C. DC.). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados no esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 3, com três doses de N (0, 8 e 16 g/planta de N), P (0, 5 e 10 g/planta de P2O5) e K (0, 5 e 10 g/planta de K2O). Aos 6 e 12 meses após o transplantio, foi avaliada a produção de matéria seca de ramos e folhas, e de óleo essencial. As doses de P promoveram efeito quadrático sobre a produção de matéria seca, com respostas máximas obtidas com 7,1 e 9,6 g/planta de P2O5, no solo que recebeu ou não calcário, respectivamente. Em solo não calcareado, as doses de N promoveram efeito quadrático sobre as produções de matéria seca e de óleo essencial, com os pontos de máxima de 10,2 e 9,4 g/planta de N, respectivamente. O P foi o nutriente que promoveu efeito mais pronunciado no aumento da produção de matéria seca. As médias de produção de matéria seca e de óleo essencial foram maiores no ensaio onde o solo foi calcareado (6.451 kg/ha e 167 L/ha, respectivamente), do que as obtidas no solo não calcareado (5.003 kg/ha e 145 L/ha, respectivamente).<br>The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of different doses of N, P and K, in a soil with and without limestone, on dry matter and essential oil production of long pepper (Piper hispidinervum C. DC.). The randomized blocks design was used, with three replications, where the treatments were set up on a 3 x 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, with three doses of N (0, 8 and 16 g/plant of N), P (0, 5 and 10 g/plant of P2O5) and K (0, 5 and 10 g/plant of K2O). At six and twelve months after transplantation, dry matter of branches plus leaves and essential oil total production were evaluated. The P doses improved a quadratic effect on the production of dry matter, with maximum response obtained with 7.1 and 9.6 g/plant of P2O5, on limestoned and non-limestoned soil, respectively. At the non-limestoned soil, the N doses had a quadratic effect on dry matter and essential oil yield, with maximum points of 10.2 and 9.4 g/plant of N, respectively. P was the nutrient that had the most emphasized effect upon the increase of dry matter. Average production of dry matter and essential oil were higher in limestoned soil (6,451 kg/ha e 167 L/ha, respectively) than in non-limestoned soil (5,003 kg/ha and 145 L/ha)