The burden of physical activity on type 2 diabetes public healthcare expenditures among adults: a retrospective study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Determinants of public healthcare expenditures in type 2 diabetics are not well investigated in developing nations and, therefore, it is not clear if higher physical activity decreases healthcare costs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity and the expenditures in public healthcare on type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cross-sectional study carried out in Brazil. A total of 121 type 2 diabetics attended to in two Basic Healthcare Units were evaluated. Public healthcare expenditures in the last year were estimated using a specific standard table. Also evaluated were: socio-demographic variables; chronological age; exogenous insulin use; smoking habits; fasting glucose test; diabetic neuropathy and anthropometric measures. Habitual physical activity was assessed by questionnaire.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Age (r = 0.20; p = 0.023), body mass index (r = 0.33; p = 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.20; p = 0.025) were positively related to expenditures on medication for the treatment of diseases other than diabetes. Insulin use was associated with increased expenditures. Higher physical activity was associated with lower expenditure, provided medication for treatment of diseases other than diabetes (OR = 0.19; p = 0.007) and medical consultations (OR = 0.26; p = 0.029).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Type 2 diabetics with higher enrollment in physical activity presented consistently lower healthcare expenditures for the public healthcare system.</p

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A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo geral considerar os processos sociais envolvidos na situação do adolescente em conflito com a lei no Brasil, suas implicações na transformação de histórias de vidas e consequente demandas nos programas de atendimento. De forma mais específica, objetivou trazer conhecimentos concretos para o campo de trabalho socioeducativo, e investigar aquilo que se apresenta como propiciador da reincidência. Como forma de alcançar esses objetivos, foi considerada a seguinte questão norteadora: o que leva o adolescente a infracionar novamente? A metodologia foi baseada na Teoria do Vínculo de Pichon-Riviere, propondo-se como procedimento grupos operativos, os quais foram realizados com adolescentes do meio fechado (Internação) e meio aberto (Liberdade Assistida). O principal instrumento de coleta de dados consistiu no conteúdo das entrevistas, sendo a análise complementada com outras pesquisas realizadas na temática. Os dados coletados, considerando as medidas socioeducativas, demonstram que elas não dão conta do objeto ao qual se propõem: o rompimento com o ciclo da delinquência, com a repetição do ato de delinquir. A forma como as medidas estão sendo propostas são reguladoras muito externas, e não estão entrando no cerne do problema. Nesse sentido, devem considerar os sentimentos de raiva e ódio que movem o adolescente. No subtexto dessa raiva existem situações de humilhação e sentimentos de vergonha que, por não serem elaborados, criam o ciclo humilhação-vergonha-ódio. Entra-se em círculo odioso, retroalimentado, que supõe a raiva, a dimensão que o prazer de delinquir tem, ao que os adolescentes denominam adrenalina. Algo que os deixa aficionados como se fosse vícioThe current research had as general purpose consider the social processes involved at the condition of adolescents in conflict with the law in Brazil, their implications at the process of changing of life histories and resultant demand in the service programs. More specifically, it intended bring real knowledge to the social educational field of work, and inquire into that present itself as reincidence propitiating. To achieve that objectives, it was considered the follow leading question: what does the adolescent commit an infraction again? The methology was based on the Theory of Bond by PICHON_RIVIERE, proposes as procedure operative groups, that was achieved with adolescents of closed system (internment) and opened system (Assisted Freedom). The main instrument to data collection was consisted in the interviews\'s content, being the analysis complemented with other researches achieved in the same area. The collected data, considering the social educational measures, demonstrate they can\'t handle of the object of their purpose: the break-up of deliquence cycle, with the recurrense of deliquence act. The way how these measures are being purpose are very external regulatories, and they are not moving into the heart of the matter. In this sense, they have to consider rage and hate feelings, that moves the adolescent. In the subtext of that hate there are abasement situations and feelings of shame that, because they are not elaborate, create a cycle of humiliation - shame - hate. Entering a hateful and feedback cycle, that suppose rage, the dimension of the pleasure of commit a crime, what they call of adrenaline. Which makes them excited, like an addictio

The burden of abdominal obesity with physical inactivity on health expenditure in Brazil

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the clustering of physical inactivity with abdominal obesity and public health care expenditure in Brazilian adults. The sample was composed of 963 patients of both genders, randomly selected in the Brazilian Public Health care System during 2010. Entire health care expenditures during the last year were computed and stratified into: medical consultations, medication dispensing, laboratory tests and overall expenditure. Waist circumference was used to diagnose abdominal obesity and physical activity was assessed by previously validated questionnaire. Sedentary and abdominally obese patients (OR= 3.01 [OR95%CI= 1.81-4.99]) had higher likelihood be inserted in the group of higher expenditures than only abdominally obese patients (OR= 1.66 [OR95%CI= 1.07-2.59]). There is a synergic effect between abdominal obesity and physical inactivity on overall health care expenditures

The burden of abdominal obesity with physical inactivity on health expenditure in Brazil

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the clustering of physical inactivity with abdominal obesity and public health care expenditure in Brazilian adults. The sample was composed of 963 patients of both genders, randomly selected in the Brazilian Public Health care System during 2010. Entire health care expenditures during the last year were computed and stratified into: medical consultations, medication dispensing, laboratory tests and overall expenditure. Waist circumference was used to diagnose abdominal obesity and physical activity was assessed by previously validated questionnaire. Sedentary and abdominally obese patients (OR= 3.01 [OR95%CI= 1.81-4.99]) had higher likelihood be inserted in the group of higher expenditures than only abdominally obese patients (OR= 1.66 [OR95%CI= 1.07-2.59]). There is a synergic effect between abdominal obesity and physical inactivity on overall health care expenditures

Monthly direct, indirect and global costs due to dementia and regression model with caregiver burden, according to patient FAST category.

<p>Brazil, 2016.</p

Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical status of patients, according to patient FAST category.

<p>Brazil, 2016.</p