EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GLYCYRIZZA GLABRA AGAINST STEREPTOZOTOCIN AND HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED DIABETES AND HYPERLIPIDEMIA

Objective: To study the effect of ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra against streptozotocin and high-fat-diet-induced diabetes and hyperlipidemia.Methods: The present study was conducted on a 14 d model in which Glycyrrhiza glabra extract was given to Streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg; i. p.) induced diabetic rats fed with high fat diet (HFD), and its protective effect has been studied. The antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects have been evaluated on the basis of physical, biochemical as well as histomorphological parameters.Results: The Glycyrrhiza glabra extract pre-treated group showed a significant decrease in biochemical parameters like Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), Alanine transaminase (ALT) compared with D-HFD group (p<0.01). The pre-treated groups also showed significant protection in physical parameters as compared to D-HFD group (p<0.01) which was also confirmed by histopathological studies. All these results were compared and found to be similar with two standard drugs metformin (500 mg/kg) and atorvastatin (10 mg/Kg).Conclusion: This study concluded that alcoholic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (500 mg/kg) has significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential against streptozotocin and high-fat diet induced diabetic hyperlipidemic rats comparable to the clinically used drugs.Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Diabetic hyperlipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, Lipid profile, Streptozotoci

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries