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    ΠžΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π±Ρ–Π³Ρƒ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… процСсів Ρƒ Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π², ΡƒΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– інтоксикації карбофосом

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    Topicality. The chemical pollution of environment and its impact on the human body is one of the problems not fully studied. It is a question of priority. Carbon and tetrachloride malathion are the most dangerous contaminative elementsconsidered to be the risk factors for many environmentally dependent diseases. Therefore, it is actual to study the characteristics and mechanisms of the aforementioned xenobiotics combined action on the body.Aim. To investigate the free radical processes activity and the endogenous markers of intoxication at the conditions of effect on the rats organism by tetrachloride bbeing affected by malathion.Materials and methods. Experiments conducted on white rats being under carbon tetrachloride intoxication influence (4th, 7th days of the affection) on the basis of thirtieth days malathion affection . Rats were taken out of the experimentby the thiopental anesthesia.Results and discussion. The experimental data proved the malathion and carbon tetrachloride toxic effect, which increases by the conditions of their combined using.Conclusions. It was established, that the maximum activation of free radical processes and deepening endogenous intoxication observed on the seventh day affection by the carbon tetrachloride on on the basis of thirtieth days malathion intoxication.Β ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° влияния химичСского загрязнСния ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСды Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ загрязнитСлСй Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ ΠΈ карбофос – Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ риска ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… экологичСски зависимых Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ особСнностСй ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ влияния Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ксСнобиотиков Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ являСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ.ЦСлью Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ активности ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² эндогСнной интоксикации ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ воздСйствии Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ крыс Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ карбофоса.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ЭкспСримСнты ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… крысах, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ интоксикации Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ (4-Ρ‹Π΅, 7-Π΅ сутки пораТСния) Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пораТСния карбофосом. ΠšΡ€Ρ‹Ρ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· экспСримСнта ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… обсуТдСниe. Π­ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ токсичСскоС влияниС карбофоса ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ усиливаСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условии ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ примСнСния. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ подтвСрТдаСтсяактивациСй ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»ΡƒΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ эндогСнной интоксикации, максимальноС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ наблюдалось Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡŒΠΌΡ‹Π΅ сутки пораТСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ интоксикации карбофосом.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ максимальная активация ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»ΡƒΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ эндогСнной интоксикации наблюдались Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡŒΠΌΡ‹Π΅ сутки пораТСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ интоксикации карбофосом.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ забруднСння навколишнього cΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‰Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ людини Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π· ΠΏΡ€Ρ–ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ кінця Π²ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π±Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‡Ρ–Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρƒ ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ Ρ‚Π° карбофос - Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΡƒ виникнСння Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΎΡ… Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ±. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡƒ вивчСння особливостСй Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡ–Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ–Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ксСнобіотиків Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Ρ” Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ дослідТСння активності Π²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… процСсів Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π² Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ— інтоксикації Π·Π° ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρƒ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– ураТСння карбофосом.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ЕкспСримСнти ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– Π½Π° Π±Ρ–Π»ΠΈΡ… Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ…, які ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ інтоксикації Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ (4-Ρ‚Π°, 7-Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π° ураТСння) Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– тридцятидСнного ураТСння карбофосом. Π©ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² Π²ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π· СкспСримСнту ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… обговорСння. Π•ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– Π΄Π°Π½Ρ– ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ токсичний Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² карбофосу Ρ‚Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρƒ, який ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π° ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ² Ρ—Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ–Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ застосування.Висновки. ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ максимальна активація Π²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… процСсів Ρ‚Π° поглиблСння Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ— інтоксикації ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡŒΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρƒ ураТСння Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– тридцятидСнної інтоксикації карбофосом

    ΠžΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π±Ρ–Π³Ρƒ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… процСсів Ρƒ Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π², ΡƒΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– інтоксикації карбофосом

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    Topicality. The problem of the environment chemical pollution impact on the human body is one of the priority and not fully studied. Among the pollutants carbon tetrachloride malathion poses a significant reat – it is a factor of risk for many environmentally dependent diseases. There fore, it is important to study the characteristics and mechanisms of a mentioned xenobiotics combined action on the body .Aim. To investigate the activity of free radical processes and the markers of endogenous intoxication at the conditions of effect on the rats organism by tetrachloride on the background of malathion.Materials and methods. While carrying out an experiment white rats were intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride intoxication (4th, 7th days of the affection) in a period of thirty days malathion affection. Rats were taken out of the experiment by the thiopental anesthesia.Results and discussion. The experimental data proved the malathion and carbontetrachloride toxic effect, which increases the conditions of their combined using. Conclusions. It was established, that the maximum activation of free radical processes and deepening endogenous intoxication observed on the seventh day affection by carbontetrachloride in a period of thirty days malathion intoxication.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° влияния химичСского загрязнСния ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСды Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ загрязнитСлСй Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ ΠΈ карбофос – Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ риска ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… экологичСски зависимых Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ особСнностСй ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ влияния Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… ксСнобиотиков Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. ЦСлью Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ эндогСнной интоксикации ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ воздСйствии Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ крыс Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ карбофоса. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ЭкспСримСнты ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… крысах, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ интоксикации Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ (4-Ρ‹Π΅, 7-Π΅ сутки пораТСния) Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ пораТСния карбофосом. ΠšΡ€Ρ‹Ρ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· экспСримСнта ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… обсуТдСниС. Π­ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ токсичСскоС влияниС карбофоса ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ усиливаСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условии ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ примСнСния. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ подтвСрТдаСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»ΡƒΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ эндогСнной интоксикации, максимальноС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ наблюдалось Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡŒΠΌΡ‹Π΅ сутки пораТСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ интоксикации карбофосом.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ максимальная активация ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»ΡƒΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ эндогСнной интоксикации наблюдались Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡŒΠΌΡ‹Π΅ сутки пораТСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ интоксикации карбофосом.Β ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ забруднСння навколишнього cΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‰Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ людини Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π· ΠΏΡ€Ρ–ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ кінця Π²ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ…. Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ Π·Π°Π±Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‡Ρ–Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρƒ ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ Ρ‚Π° карбофос – Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΡƒ Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΎΡ… Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ±. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡƒ вивчСння особливостСй Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡ–Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ–Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ксСнобіотиків Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Ρ” Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌ.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ дослідити Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… процСсів Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ— інтоксикації Π·Π° ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρƒ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– ураТСння карбофосом.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ЕкспСримСнти ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– Π½Π° Π±Ρ–Π»ΠΈΡ… Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ…, які ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ інтоксикації Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ (4-Ρ‚Π°, 7-Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π° ураТСння) Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– тридцятидСнного ураТСння карбофосом. Π©ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² Π²ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π· СкспСримСнту ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… обговорСння. Π•ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– Π΄Π°Π½Ρ– ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ токсичний Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² карбофосу Ρ‚Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Ρƒ, який ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π° ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ² Ρ—Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±Ρ–Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ застосування. Висновки. ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ максимальна активація Π²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… процСсів Ρ‚Π° поглиблСння Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ— інтоксикації ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π³Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡŒΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρƒ ураТСння Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π»Ρ– тридцятидСнної інтоксикації карбофосом

    Radiobiological outcomes, microdosimetric evaluations and monte carlo predictions in eye proton therapy

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    CATANA (Centro di AdroTerapia ed Applicazioni Nucleari Avanzate) was the first Italian protontherapy facility dedicated to the treatment of ocular neoplastic pathologies. It is in operation at the LNS Laboratories of the Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN-LNS) and to date, 500 patients have been successfully treated. Even though proton therapy has demonstrated success in clinical settings, there is still a need for more accurate models because they are crucial for the estimation of clinically relevant RBE values. Since RBE can vary depending on several physical and biological parameters, there is a clear need for more experimental data to generate predictions. Establishing a database of cell survival experiments is therefore useful to accurately predict the effects of irradiations on both cancerous and normal tissue. The main aim of this work was to compare RBE values obtained from in-vitro experimental data with predictions made by the LEM II (Local Effect Model), Monte Carlo approaches, and semi-empirical models based on LET experimental measurements. For this purpose, the 92.1 uveal melanoma and ARPE-19 cells derived from normal retinal pigmented epithelium were selected and irradiated in the middle of clinical SOBP of the CATANA proton therapy facility. The remarkable results show the potentiality of using microdosimetric spectrum, Monte Carlo simulations and LEM model to predict not only the RBE but also the survival curves

    Measurement of gauge blocks by interferometry

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    The key comparison EURAMET.L-K1.2011 on gauge blocks was carried out in the framework of a EURAMET project starting in 2012 and ending in 2015. It involved the participation of 24 National Metrology Institutes from Europe and Egypt, respectively. 38 gauge blocks of steel and ceramic with nominal central lengths between 0.5 mm and 500 mm were circulated. The comparison was conducted in two loops with two sets of artifacts. A statistical technique for linking the reference values was applied. As a consequence the reference value of one loop is influenced by the measurements of the other loop although they did not even see the artifacts of the others. This influence comes solely from three "linking laboratories" which measure both sets of artifacts. In total there were 44 results were not fully consistent with the reference values. This represents 10% of the full set of 420 results which is a considerable high number. At least 12 of them are clearly outliers where the participants have been informed by the pilot as soon as possible. The comparison results help to support the calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) of the laboratories involved in the CIPM MRA

    Changes in social norms during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across 43 countries

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    Changes in social norms during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across 43 countries

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    The emergence of COVID-19 dramatically changed social behavior across societies and contexts. Here we study whether social norms also changed. Specifically, we study this question for cultural tightness (the degree to which societies generally have strong norms), specific social norms (e.g. stealing, hand washing), and norms about enforcement, using survey data from 30,431 respondents in 43 countries recorded before and in the early stages following the emergence of COVID-19. Using variation in disease intensity, we shed light on the mechanisms predicting changes in social norm measures. We find evidence that, after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing norms increased while tightness and punishing frequency slightly decreased but observe no evidence for a robust change in most other norms. Thus, at least in the short term, our findings suggest that cultures are largely stable to pandemic threats except in those norms, hand washing in this case, that are perceived to be directly relevant to dealing with the collective threat

    Translation and Transcultural Validation of Migraine Screening Questionnaire (MS-Q)

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    Introduction: Between 30 to 59% of patients with migraine without aura are undiagnosed and improperly treated, because primary care physicians are either too busy or unfamiliar with criteria for diagnosing migraine. Aim: The aim of our study was to translate the Migraine Screen Questionnaire (MS-Q) to BHS (Bosnian/Croatian /Serbian) language and to test reliability and validity of the translation on a sample of primary care patients. Material and Methods: The study was designed as cross-sectional, multi centric, diagnostic accuracy trial of an instrument for screening patients who visit general practitioners, with an aim to reveal migraine without aura. The instrument was the MS-Q, originally written in English and validated in Spanish population, and in this study being translated to BHS language. Results: Translation of the MS-Q to BHS language showed good diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 80.0% and specificity 87.2%) and reliability (Cohen kappa 0.648) for migraine without aura, with significant screening yield among previously undiagnosed patients of 72.7%. The study also confirmed high percentage of patients with hidden MWA (52.9%) revealed by the MS-Q and ICH criteria that would otherwise remain undiagnosed. Conclusion: The MS-Q translation to BHS language could be considered as valid and reliable clinical instrument for revealing migraine without aura, similar by its performance to original questionnaire. It has considerable screening yield, discovering majority of patients with previously undiagnosed migraine without aura, whose definite diagnosis should later on be confirmed by the attending physicians using the ICH criteria
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