624 research outputs found
O Brasil é longe daqui? Poder e Exceção em Grande Sertão: Veredas
Analisi dell'episodio dell'incontro con i "catrumanos" in Grande Sertão: Vereda
Apresentação
UID/ELT/00657/2013Apresentação do número temático da revista O Eixo a Roda dedicado a novas leituras da obra de Guimarães Rosa, com breve descrição de cada texto e das linhas estruturadoras do conjunto.publishersversionpublishe
Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) efficacy in the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunctions. A systematic review
Background: Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS) has been proposed for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), non-obstructive urinary retention (NOUR), neurogenic bladder, paediatric voiding dysfunction and chronic pelvic pain/painful bladder syndrome (CPP/PBS). Despite a number of publications produced in the last ten years, the role of PTNS in urinary tract dysfunctions remains unclear. A systematic review of the papers on PTNS has been performed with the aim to better clarify potentialities and limits of this technique in the treatment of OAB syndrome and in other above mentioned urological conditions. Methods. A literature search using MEDLINE and ISI web was performed. Search terms used were "tibial nerve" and each of the already mentioned conditions, with no time limits. An evaluation of level of evidence for each paper was performed. Results: PTNS was found to be effective in 37-100% of patients with OAB, in 41-100% of patients with NOUR and in up to 100% of patients with CPP/PBS, children with OAB/dysfunctional voiding and patients with neurogenic pathologies. No major complications have been reported.Randomized controlled trials are available only for OAB (4 studies) and CPP/PBS (2 studies). Level 1 evidence of PTNS efficacy for OAB is available. Promising results, to be confirmed by randomized controlled studies, have been obtained in the remaining indications considered. Conclusions: PTNS is an effective and safe option to treat OAB patients. Further studies are needed to assess the role of PTNS in the remaining indications and to evaluate the long term durability of the treatment. Further research is needed to address several unanswered questions about PTNS
A 20-year study of persistence of lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence in young women treated in childhood
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether urinary incontinence (UI) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) persist over years, patients treated for UI and LUTS in childhood were re-evaluated in adulthood.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Forty-seven women (cases) treated in childhood for daytime UI/LUTS (group A) and nocturnal enuresis (group B) self-completed (average age: 24.89 ± 3.5 years) the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for Female with LUTS (ICIQ-FLUTS). ICIQ-FLUTS was self-administered to 111 healthy women (average age: 23 ± 5.1 years) from a nursing school as a control group. Data obtained from ICIQ-FLUTS and quality of life (QoL) score (0-10) were compared (Fisher's exact test) between patients and controls, and between group A (n = 28) and group B (n = 19).
RESULTS:
Prevalence of LUTS was higher in patients than in controls. The difference between patients and controls was statistically significant (p = 0.0001) for UI (34% vs. 7%) and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying (49% vs. 28%). QoL score was >5 in 59% of patients and 1% of controls (p = 0.0001). No significant differences were found between groups A and B.
CONCLUSIONS:
UI and LUTS are confirmed in young women who suffered for the same condition in childhood. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess if these symptoms persist or are newly onset
Outcome and complications of adjustable continence therapy (ProACTTM ) in the treatment of urinary incontinence after transurethral resection of the prostate: A multicenter study
Aim: To evaluate the outcome of adjustable continence balloons in the treatment of
stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
Methods: In two tertiary centers, adjustable continence balloons were
implanted in 29 patients with post‐TURP SUI between 2007 and 2018.
Endpoints of this retrospective multicenter study were patient‐reported changes
in pad count and complications. Dry was defined as no pad or one securit
Hematopoietic cells expressing the peripheral cannabinoid receptor migrate in response to the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol
Cb2 is a novel protooncogene encoding the peripheral cannabinoid receptor.
Previous studies demonstrated that 2 distinct noncoding first exons exist:
exon-1A and exon-1B, which both splice to protein-coding exon-2. We
demonstrate that in retrovirally induced murine myeloid leukemia cells
with proviral insertion in Cb2, exon-1B/exon-2 Cb2 messenger RNA levels
have been increased, resulting in high receptor numbers. In myeloid
leukemia cells without virus insertion in this locus, low levels of only
exon-1A/exon-2 Cb2 transcripts were present and receptors could not be
detected. To elucidate the function of Cb2 in myeloid leukemia cells, a
set of in vitro experiments was carried out using 32D/G-CSF-R (granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor receptor) cells transfected with exon-1B/exon-2
Cb2 complementary DNA and a myeloid cell line carrying a virus insertion
in Cb2 (ie, NFS 78). We demonstrate that a major function of the Cb2
receptor is stimulation of migration as determined in a transwell assay.
Exposure of Cb2-expressing cells to different cannabinoids showed that the
true ligand for Cb2 is 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), which may act as
chemoattractant and as a chemokinetic agent. Furthermore, we observed a
significant synergistic activity between 2-AG and interleukin-3 or G-CSF,
suggesting cross-talk between the different receptor systems.
Radioactive-ligand binding studies revealed significant numbers of Cb2
receptors in normal spleen. Transwell experiments carried out with normal
mouse spleen cells showed 2-AG-induced migration of B220-, CD19-,
immunoglobulin M-, and immunoglobulin D-expressing B lymphocytes. Our
study demonstrates that a major function of Cb2 receptor expressed on
myeloid leukemia cells or normal splenocytes is stimulation of migration
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