50 research outputs found
Bad pixel modified interpolation for astronomical images
We present a new method of interpolation for the pixel brightness estimation
in astronomical images. Our new method is simple and easily implementable. We
show the comparison of this method with the widely used linear interpolation
and other interpolation algorithms using one thousand astronomical images
obtained from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The comparison shows that our
method improves bad pixels brightness estimation with four times lower mean
error than the presently most popular linear interpolation and has a better
performance than any other examined method. The presented idea is flexible and
can be also applied to presently used and future interpolation methods. The
proposed method is especially useful for large sky surveys image reduction but
can be also applied to single image correction.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures. Printed in PASP, September 201
Gambaran Komunikasi Dalam Keluarga Pada Remaja Mengonsumsi Minuman Alkohol
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara mendalam tentang gambaran komunikasi dalam keluarga, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi serta dampak-dampak meminum alkohol. Pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan adalah bagaimana gambaran komunikasi dalam keluarga pada remaja mengonsumsi minuman alkohol, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi komunikasi dalam keluarga pada remaja yang mengonsumsi minuman alkohol dan dampak-dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat meminum alkohol. Karakteristik subjek sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian adalah seorang remaja yang berusia 12-21 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu dengan menggunakan metode desckriptive. Pendekatan kuantitatif ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan pemahaman dalam mengetahui suatu gambaran dibalik peristiwa, dan latar belakang yang terjadi tersebut sedangkan tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode skala psikologi. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi komunikasi dalam keluarga pada remaja yang mengonsumsi minuman beralkohol antara lain keterbukaan, kejujuran, kepercayaan, mendengarkan, empati, dan sikap suportif.Gambaran komunikasi dalam keluarga merupakan penyesuaian remaja terhadap norma dengan berperilaku sama dengan kelompok teman sebaya disebut konformitas dan besarnya pengaruh lingkungan atau kelompok tersebut sampai pada pemberian norma tingkah laku oleh kelompok. Bagi remaja yang kecenderungan kuat untuk masuk kelompok maka pengaruh pemberian norma oleh kelompok tersebut akan berdampak pada timbulnya konformitas yang kuat. Kondisi demikian akan membuat remaja cenderung untuk lebih menyesuaikan diri dengan norma kelompok agar mendapatkan penerimaan dan menghindari penolaka
Erratum to: Measuring Parenting Practices and Family Functioning with Brief and Simple Instruments: Validation of the Spanish Version of the PAFAS
Single-Shot Electron Imaging of Dopant-Induced Nanoplasmas
We present single-shot electron velocity-map images of nanoplasmas generated from doped helium nanodroplets and neon clusters by intense near-infrared and mid-infrared laser pulses. We report a large variety of signal types, most crucially depending on the cluster size. The common feature is a two-component distribution for each single-cluster event: a bright inner part with nearly circular shape corresponding to electron energies up to a few eV, surrounded by an extended background of more energetic electrons. The total counts and energy of the electrons in the inner part are strongly correlated and follow a simple power-law dependence. Deviations from the circular shape of the inner electrons observed for neon clusters and large helium nanodroplets indicate non-spherical shapes of the neutral clusters. The dependence of the measured electron energies on the extraction voltage of the spectrometer indicates that the evolution of the nanoplasma is significantly affected by the presence of an external electric field. This conjecture is confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations, which reproduce the salient features of the experimental electron spectra.The authors are grateful for financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the
project MU 2347/12-1 and STI 125/22-2 in the frame of the Priority Programme 1840 ‘Quantum Dynamics
in Tailored Intense Fields’, from the Carlsberg Foundation and the SPARC Programme, MHRD, India. The
ELI-ALPS Project (GINOP-2.3.6-15-2015-00001) is supported by the European Union and co-financed by
the European Regional Development Fund. AH is grateful for financial support from the Basque
Government (Project Reference No. IT1254-19) and from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y
Competividad (Reference No. CTQ2015-67660-P). Computational and manpower support provided by
IZO-SGI SG Iker of UPV/EHU and European funding (EDRF and ESF) is gratefully acknowledged
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Coordinated airborne studies in the tropics (CAST)
This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from the American Meteorological Society via http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00290.1Abstract
The main field activities of the Coordinated Airborne Studies in the Tropics (CAST) campaign took place in the west Pacific during January–February 2014. The field campaign was based in Guam (13.5°N, 144.8°E), using the U.K. Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 atmospheric research aircraft, and was coordinated with the Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment (ATTREX) project with an unmanned Global Hawk and the Convective Transport of Active Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST) campaign with a Gulfstream V aircraft. Together, the three aircraft were able to make detailed measurements of atmospheric structure and composition from the ocean surface to 20 km. These measurements are providing new information about the processes influencing halogen and ozone levels in the tropical west Pacific, as well as the importance of trace-gas transport in convection for the upper troposphere and stratosphere. The FAAM aircraft made a total of 25 flights in the region between 1°S and 14°N and 130° and 155°E. It was used to sample at altitudes below 8 km, with much of the time spent in the marine boundary layer. It measured a range of chemical species and sampled extensively within the region of main inflow into the strong west Pacific convection. The CAST team also made ground-based measurements of a number of species (including daily ozonesondes) at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program site on Manus Island, Papua New Guinea (2.1°S, 147.4°E). This article presents an overview of the CAST project, focusing on the design and operation of the west Pacific experiment. It additionally discusses some new developments in CAST, including flights of new instruments on board the Global Hawk in February–March 2015.CAST is funded by NERC and STFC, with grant NE/ I030054/1 (lead award), NE/J006262/1, NE/J006238/1, NE/J006181/1, NE/J006211/1, NE/J006061/1, NE/J006157/1, NE/J006203/1, NE/J00619X/1, and NE/J006173/1. N. R. P. Harris was supported by a NERC Advanced Research Fellowship (NE/G014655/1). P. I. Palmer acknowledges his Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. The BAe-146-301 Atmospheric Research Aircraft is flown by Directflight Ltd and managed by the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements, which is a joint entity of the Natural Environment Research Council and the Met Office. The authors thank the staff at FAAM, Directflight and Avalon Aero who worked so hard toward the success of the aircraft deployment in Guam, especially for their untiring efforts when spending an unforeseen 9 days in Chuuk. We thank the local staff at Chuuk and Palau, as well as the authorities in the Federated States of Micronesia for their help in facilitating our research flights. Special thanks go to the personnel associated with the ARM facility at Manus, Papua New Guinea without whose help the ground-based measurements would not have been possible. Thanks to the British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) for hosting our data and the NCAS Atmospheric Measurement Facility for providing the radiosonde and ground-based ozone equipment. Chlorophyll-a data used in Figure 1 were extracted using the Giovanni online data system, maintained by the NASA GES DISC. We acknowledge the MODIS mission scientists and associated NASA personnel for the production of this data set. Finally we thank many individuals associated with the ATTREX and CONTRAST campaigns for their help in the logistical planning, and we would like to single out Jim Bresch for his excellent and freely provided meteorological advice
Relationship between Vitamin D Receptor gene polymorphisms and the components of metabolic syndrome
Using the Health Belief Model to Explain Mothers’ and Fathers’ Intention to Participate in Universal Parenting Programs
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Vitamin D pathway-related gene polymorphisms and their association with metabolic diseases: a literature review
Purpose: Given that the relationship between vitamin D status and metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear, this review will focus on the genetic associations, which are less prone to confounding, between vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and metabolic diseases.
Methods: A literature search of relevant articles was performed on PubMed up to December 2019. Those articles that had examined the association of vitamin D-related SNPs with obesity and/or T2D were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated the eligibility for the inclusion criteria and extracted the data. In total, 73 articles were included in this review.
Results: There is a lack of research focussing on the association of vitamin D synthesis-related genes with obesity and T2D; however, the limited available research, although inconsistent, is suggestive of a protective effect on T2D risk. While there are several studies that investigated the vitamin D metabolism-related SNPs, the research focussing on vitamin D activation, catabolism and transport genes is limited. Studies on CYP27B1, CYP24A1 and GC genes demonstrated a lack of association with obesity and T2D in Europeans; however, significant associations with T2D were found in South Asians. VDR gene SNPs have been extensively researched; in particular, the focus has been mainly on BsmI (rs1544410), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232) and FokI (rs2228570) SNPs. Even though the association between VDR SNPs and metabolic diseases remain inconsistent, some positive associations showing potential effects on obesity and T2D in specific ethnic groups were identified.
Conclusion: Overall, this literature review suggests that ethnic-specific genetic associations are involved. Further research utilizing large studies is necessary to better understand these ethnic-specific genetic associations between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic diseases
Positive parenting for healthy living (Triple P) for parents of children with type 1 diabetes: protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Working with parents to treat anxiety-disordered children: a proof of concept RCT evaluating fear-less triple P
Little is known about the efficacy of parent-only interventions and the maintenance of gains over time with anxiety-disordered children and adolescents. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 6-session parent-focused intervention (Fear-less Triple P) in reducing children's anxiety symptomatology. The parents of 61 anxiety-disordered children (7–14 years) were randomly assigned to either the 6-session parent-only group CBT intervention or a wait-list control (WL) group. Diagnostic and questionnaire measures were administered at post-treatment; as well as 3-, 6- and 12 months following the completion of treatment. Families in the WL group were re-assessed after 6 weeks (the duration of the active intervention) and were then offered the intervention. The parent-only intervention produced superior outcomes for children on diagnostic and questionnaire measures. The percentages of children free of any anxiety diagnosis following the intervention were 38.7% (post-treatment); 58.6% (3-mth); 69.2% (6-mth); and 84% (12-mth). At the post-treatment assessment point, 3.4% of children in the WL group were free of any anxiety diagnosis. Mother and child questionnaire measures demonstrated gains from pre to post-treatment that were maintained over time. This proof of concept study suggests that the brief, parent-only intervention evaluated is an efficacious treatment approach for child anxiety disorders. A parent-only, group CBT intervention such as the one described here offers a cost-effective, low intensity alternative to traditional child-focused interventions