Immunomagnetic t-lymphocyte depletion (ITLD) of rat bone marrow using OX-19 monoclonal antibody

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) may be abrogated and host survival prolonged by in vitro depletion of T lymphocytes from bone marrow (BM) prior to allotransplantation. Using a mouse anti-rat pan T-lymphocyte monoclonal antibody (0×19) bound to monosized, magnetic, polymer beads, T lymphocytes were removed in vitro from normal bone marrow. The removal of the T lymphocytes was confirmed by flow cytometry. Injection of the T-lymphocyte-depleted bone marrow into fully allogeneic rats prevents the induction of GVHD and prolongs host survival. A highly efficient technique of T-lymphocyte depletion using rat bone marrow is described. It involves the binding of OX-19, a MoAb directed against all rat thy-mocytes and mature peripheral T lymphocytes, to monosized, magnetic polymer spheres. Magnetic separation of T lymphocytes after mixing the allogeneic bone marrow with the bead/OX-19 complex provides for a simple, rapid depletion of T lymphocytes from the bone marrow. In vitro studies using flow cytometry and the prevention of GVHD in a fully allogeneic rat bone marrow model have been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the depletion procedure. © 1989 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted

Preliminary conceptual model of the Cerro Blanco caldera-hosted geothermal system (Southern Puna, Argentina): Inferences from geochemical investigations.

The Cerro Blanco Caldera (CBC) is the youngest collapse caldera system in the Southern Central Andes (Southern Puna, Argentina). The CBC is subsiding with at an average velocity of 0.87 cm/year and hosts an active geothermal system. A geochemical characterization of emitted fluids was carried out based on the chemical and isotopic compositions of fumaroles, and thermal and cold springs discharged in this volcanic area with the aim of constructing the first hydrogeochemical conceptual model and preliminary estimate the geothermal potential. The main hydrothermal reservoir, likely hosted within the pre-caldera basement rocks, has a Na+-Clˉ(HCO3)ˉ composition with estimated temperatures ≥135 °C. The unconsolidated, fine-grained Cerro Blanco ignimbrite likely acts as the cap-rock of the hydrothermal system. The presence of phreatic eruption breccias in the surrounding area of the geothermal fumaroles supports the effectiveness of the pyroclastic deposit as sealing rocks. The isotopic data of water (δ18O and δD) indicate a meteoric recharge of the hydrothermal reservoir, suggesting as recharge areas the sectors surrounding the CBC, mainly towards the W and NW where large outcrops of the pre-caldera basement exist. A fault-controlled hydraulic connection between the hot springs and the hydrothermal reservoir is proposed for the Los Hornitos area. The fumaroles show the typical compositional features of hydrothermal fluids, being dominated by water vapor with significant concentrations of H2S, CH4 and H2. Considering the high geothermal gradient of this area (∼104 °C/km) and the relatively high fraction of mantle He (∼39%) calculated on the basis of the measured R/Ra values, the hydrothermal aquifer likely receives inputs of magmatic fluids from the degassing magma chamber. The preliminary geothermal potential at CBC was evaluated with the Volume Method, calculating up to E = 11.4*1018 J. Both the scarce presence of superficial thermal manifestations and the occurrence of an efficient cap-rock likely contribute to minimize the loss of thermal energy from the reservoir. The results here presented constitute the necessary base of knowledge for further accurate assessment of the geothermal potential and ultimately the implementation of the geothermal resource as a viable energy alternative for small localities or mining facilities isolated from the National Interconnected System due to their remote localization.Published1022136A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medicaJCR Journa

ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕПАТИТА С НА РАЗВИТИЕ ГИСТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ В ПЛАЦЕНТЕ

The purpose: detection of morphological changes of fetoplacental complex in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis C.Methods: The study involved 48 pregnant women , 38 of them with chronic hepatitis C and 10 – healthy pregnant women without complicated obstetric – gynecological history. Do all women was conducted morphological and histological study of their placentas. Placental tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin solution. After fixation in 10% neutral formalin, the samples were subjected to histological wiring placentas by incubation in isopropyl alcohol and paraffin imbibition using the apparatus for automatic wiring histological samples gated Exelsior (Thermo, Germany) .Immunogistohimicheskie (IHC) studies were performed using a mouse monoclonal antibody NS3-antigen to hepatitis C virus (at a dilution of 1/80, Novocastra Lab., UK).Results: chronic ( sub) compensated placental insufficiency often revealed by the presence of NS3-HCV in the placenta. In the presence of placental infection with hepatitis C virus ( HCV NS3 ) , the presence of more common detsiduita placenta.Conclusions: Hepatitis C virus is one of the most important factors in the development of chronic placental insufficiency.Цель: выявление морфологических изменений фетоплацентарного комплекса у беременных женщин с хроническим гепатитом С.Материалы методы: обследовано 48 беременных женщин, из них 38 с хроническим гепатитом С и 10 здоровых беременных женщин, без отягощенного акушерско-гинекологического анамнеза. У всех женщин было проведено морфологическое и гистологическое изучение их плацент. Образцы тканей плаценты фиксировали в 10% растворе формалина. После фиксации в 10% растворе нейтрального формалина образцы плацент подвергали гистологической проводке путем инкубации в изопропиловом спирте и имбибиции парафином с использованием аппарата для автоматической проводки гистологических образцов закрытого типа Exelsior (Thermo, Германия). Иммуногистохимические (ИГХ) исследования выполнялись с применением мышиных моноклональных антител к NS3-антиген вируса гепатита С (в разведении 1/80, Novocastra Lab., Великобритания).Результаты: хроническая (суб)компенсированная недостаточность плаценты чаще выявляется при наличии NS3-HCV в плаценте. При наличии инфицирования плаценты вирусом гепатита С (NS3-HCV) чаще встречается наличие децидуита плаценты.Выводы: вирус гепатита С является одним из важных факторов развития хронической плацентарной недостаточност

Successful reduced-intensity SCT from unrelated cord blood in three patients with X-linked SCID

We describe three males with X-linked SCID (X-SCID) who were successfully treated by reduced-intensity SCT from unrelated cord blood (CB). Mean age at transplant was 5.7 months (range, 3–9 months). Pre-transplant conditioning for all patients consisted of fludarabine (FLU) (30 mg/m2 per day) from day −7 to day −2 (total dose 180 mg/m2) and BU 4 mg/kg per day from day −3 to day −2 (total dose 8 mg/kg). All CB units were serologically matched at HLA-A, B and DR loci. Although two patients had suffered from fungal or bacterial pneumonia before transplantation, there were no other infectious complications during transplantation. All patients engrafted and achieved 100% donor chimerism. We also confirmed full donor chimerism of both T and B cells. Only one patient developed acute GVHD grade III, which was resolved by increasing the dose of oral corticosteroid. None of the patients has developed chronic GVHD during follow up for 21–77 months. None of the patient received i.v. Ig replacement post transplant, or showed delay in psychomotor development. Reduced-intensity conditioning consisting of FLU and BU and transplantation from unrelated CB was an effective and safe treatment for these patients with X-SCID

The Helium and Carbon Isotope Characteristics of the Andean Convergent Margin

Subduction zones represent the interface between Earth’s interior (crust and mantle) and exterior (atmosphere and oceans), where carbon and other volatile elements are actively cycled between Earth reservoirs by plate tectonics. Helium is a sensitive tracer of volatile sources and can be used to deconvolute mantle and crustal sources in arcs; however it is not thought to be recycled into the mantle by subduction processes. In contrast, carbon is readily recycled, mostly in the form of carbon-rich sediments, and can thus be used to understand volatile delivery via subduction. Further, carbon is chemically-reactive and isotope fractionation can be used to determine the main processes controlling volatile movements within arc systems. Here, we report helium isotope and abundance data for 42 deeply-sourced fluid and gas samples from the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) and Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) of the Andean Convergent Margin (ACM). Data are used to assess the influence of subduction parameters (e.g., crustal thickness, subduction inputs, and convergence rate) on the composition of volatiles in surface volcanic fluid and gas emissions. He isotopes from the CVZ backarc range from 0.1 to 2.6 RA (n = 23), with the highest values in the Puna and the lowest in the Sub-Andean foreland fold-and-thrust belt. Atmosphere-corrected He isotopes from the SVZ range from 0.7 to 5.0 RA (n = 19). Taken together, these data reveal a clear southeastward increase in 3He/4He, with the highest values (in the SVZ) falling below the nominal range associated with pure upper mantle helium (8 ± 1 RA), approaching the mean He isotope value for arc gases of (5.4 ± 1.9 RA). Notably, the lowest values are found in the CVZ, suggesting more significant crustal inputs (i.e., assimilation of 4He) to the helium budget. The crustal thickness in the CVZ (up to 70 km) is significantly larger than in the SVZ, where it is just ∼40 km. We suggest that crustal thickness exerts a primary control on the extent of fluid-crust interaction, as helium and other volatiles rise through the upper plate in the ACM. We also report carbon isotopes from (n = 11) sites in the CVZ, where δ13C varies between −15.3‰ and −1.2‰ [vs. Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB)] and CO2/3He values that vary by over two orders of magnitude (6.9 × 108–1.7 × 1011). In the SVZ, carbon isotope ratios are also reported from (n = 13) sites and vary between −17.2‰ and −4.1‰. CO2/3He values vary by over four orders of magnitude (4.7 × 107–1.7 × 1012). Low δ13C and CO2/3He values are consistent with CO2 removal (e.g., calcite precipitation and gas dissolution) in shallow hydrothermal systems. Carbon isotope fractionation modeling suggests that calcite precipitation occurs at temperatures coincident with the upper temperature limit for life (122°C), suggesting that biology may play a role in C-He systematics of arc-related volcanic fluid and gas emissions.Fil: Barry, P. H.. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Estados UnidosFil: De Moor, J. M.. University of New Mexico; Estados Unidos. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COSTA RICA (UNA);Fil: Chiodi, Agostina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Aguilera, F.. Universidad Católica del Norte; ChileFil: Hudak, M. R.. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Estados UnidosFil: Bekaert, D. V.. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Estados UnidosFil: Turner, S. J.. University of Massachussets; Estados UnidosFil: Curtice, J.. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Estados UnidosFil: Seltzer, A. M.. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Estados UnidosFil: Jessen, G. L.. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Osses, E.. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Blamey, J. M.. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Amenábar, M. J.. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Selci, M.. University Of Naples Federico Ii; ItaliaFil: Cascone, M.. University Of Naples Federico Ii; ItaliaFil: Bastianoni, A.. University Of Naples Federico Ii; ItaliaFil: Nakagawa, M.. Tokyo Institute Of Technology; JapónFil: Filipovich, Ruben Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Bustos, Emilce. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Schrenk, M. O.. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Buongiorno, J.. Maryville College; Estados UnidosFil: Ramírez, C. J.. Servicio Geológico Ambiental (segeoam); Costa RicaFil: Rogers, T. J.. University of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Lloyd, K. G.. University of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Giovannelli, D.. Institute Of Marine Biological Resources And Biotechno; Itali

GEICAM Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Breast Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women in Spain. During the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARSCoV-2 virus, patients with BC still require timely treatment and follow-up; however, hospitals are overwhelmed with infected patients and, if exposed, patients with BC are at higher risk for infection and serious complications if infected. Thus, health care providers need to evaluate each BC treatment and in-hospital visit to minimize pandemic-associated risks while maintaining adequate treatment efficacy. Here we present a set of guidelines regarding available options for BC patient management and treatment by BC subtype in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Owing to the lack of evidence about COVID-19 infection, these recommendations are mainly based on expert opinion, medical organizations’ and societies’ recommendations, and some published evidence. We consider this a useful tool to facilitate medical decision making in this health crisis situation we are facing