Moška dominacija Pierra Bourdieuja

L’objet de cet article est de mettre en evidence quelques questions soulevées par La domination masculine de Pierre Bourdieu: sa construction sociale, sa dehistorisation, et sa naturalisation, sa légitimité, la permanence dans les changements et la révolution dans la connaissance pour transformer le principe de la perpétuation caractérisant ce rapport de domination

Optimizacija metode za izolaciju epitelnih stanica iz nežljezdanog dijela želuca štakora za protočnu citometriju

Traditional methods in cell proliferation studies are based on immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cells in the target tissue. Since they are time consuming, optimization of novel, more efficient methods is important for large scale proliferation studies. In this study, we aimed to optimize the isolation of single epithelial rat forestomach cells for flow cytometry. As a marker of cellular proliferation we used the Ki-67 antibody to detect this nuclear protein expressed in proliferating cells. We also performed immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 positive cells and propidium iodide staining to validate the results. 3-tert- butyl -4-hydroxyanisole was used as the positive control to ensure cellular proliferation. The results showed that isolation of epithelial cells with collagenase, trypsin and cell strainer ensures great cell viability (>95%) and the purity of the samples. Flow cytometry and immunostaining with the Ki-67 antibody indicated that 3-tert- butyl-4-hydroxyanisole treatment leads to a significant increase in proliferation. A significant positive correlation was observed between the results obtained by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, but the flow cytometric data had a smaller measurement error, suggesting the equal sensitivity and greater accuracy of this method. Propidium iodide staining showed that the percentage of cells in the G2+S phase of the cell cycle correlated positively with the percentage of Ki-67 positive cells assessed by flow cytometry, indicating that Ki-67 positive cells reflect an active dividing cell pool. We conclude that the isolation of forestomach epithelial cells described is a simple and reliable method for obtaining viable cells for use in flow cytometry. Compared to immunohistochemistry, flow cytometric detection of the Ki-67 antigen is equally sensitive, but much faster and provides more accurate results.Tradicionalne metode u ispitivanju stanične proliferacije temelje se na imunohistokemijskom otkrivanju proliferacijskih stanica u ciljanom tkivu. Kako su dugotrajne, optimizacija novih i učinkovitijih metoda važna je za velika istraživanja o proliferaciji. U ovom smo radu željeli optimizirati izolaciju epitelnih stanica prednjeg želuca štakora za protočnu citometriju. Kao marker stanične proliferacije koristili smo Ki-67 protutijelo za otkrivanje ovoga nuklearnog proteina izraženog u proliferacijskim stanicama. Također smo učinili imunohistokemijsku detekciju Ki- 67 pozitivnih stanica i bojenje propidij-jodidom kako bismo potvrdili rezultate. Butil-hidroksianizol korišten je kao pozitivna kontrola da se osigura stanična proliferacija. Rezultati su pokazali da izolacija epitelnih stanica s kolagenazom, tripsinom i staničnim cjedilom osigurava veliku vijabilnost stanica (> 95 %) i čistoću uzoraka. Protočna citometrija i Ki-67 bojenje pokazali su da tretman butil-hidroksianizolom dovodi do znakovitog porasta proliferacije. Primijećena je znakovita pozitivna korelacija između rezultata dobivenih imunohistokemijom i protočnom citometrijom, dok su protočni citometrijski podaci imali manju pogrešku mjerenja, što upućuje na jednaku osjetljivost i veću točnost ove metode. Bojenje propidij-jodidom pokazalo je da postotak stanica u G2+S fazi staničnog ciklusa pozitivno korelira s postotkom Ki-67 pozitivnih stanica procijenjenih protočnom citometrijom, što upućuje na to da Ki-67 oslikava stanice u aktivnoj diobi. Zaključujemo da je opisana izolacija epitelnih stanica prednjeg želuca štakora jednostavna i pouzdana metoda za dobivanje održivih stanica za upotrebu u protočnoj citometriji. U usporedbi s imunohistokemijom, protočna citometrijska detekcija antigena Ki-67 jednako je osjetljiva, ali mnogo brža i daje točnije rezultate

Factors effecting the induction of rat forestomach hyperplasia induced by Swedish oral smokeless tobacco (snus)

Long term exposure to oral smokeless tobacco may induce lesions in the oral cavity characterized by a hyperplastic epithelium. The possible role of nicotine and the physical properties of oral tobacco for developing these lesions, as well as of dysplasia and neoplasia is unclear. Low nitrosamine Swedish snus as well as non-genotoxic butylated hydroxyanisole induces increased cellular proliferation in the rat forestomach epithelia. Using this model, we report here on the effects of nicotine, pH, and particle size. Snus with different properties had no impact on oxidative stress as determined by 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine, or on interleukin IL-1b. Whereas BHA boosted IL-6, probably due to the presence of nicotine. there was no significant enhancement of cell divisions with increasing particle size, although in individual samples the variations in proliferation rates increased greatly with increasing particle size. Conforming to human experience, the enhanced cell proliferation caused by snus was found to be completely reversible. A cacao bean extract had a protective action similar to that previously found for blueberries. The main cause of the observed tobacco induced cell proliferation could be mechanical irritation, possibly in combination with nicotine, whereas within the studied range, pH did not affect the rate of cell division. © 201

Početne imperfekcije stubova ravnokrakog L poprečnog preseka od nerđajućeg čelika

Rad prikazuje merenje početnih geometrijskih imperfekcija i zaostalih napona u okviru istraživanja nosivosti centrično pritisnutih elemenata L poprečnog preseka od nerđajućeg čelika. Istraživanjem su obuhvaćena tri različita tipa L profila – hladnooblikovani, vrućevaljani i laserski zavareni. Postupak i rezultati merenja početnih geometrijskih imperfekcija primenom sistema za lasersko merenje prezentovani su u radu. Merenje zaostalih napona metodom sečenja sprovedeno je na vrućevaljanom i laserski zavarenom uzorku nominalnih dimenzija 100 × 100 × 10, napraveljenih od austenitnog nerđajućeg čelika EN 1.4301. Postupak merenja zaostalih napona i rezultati u formi rasporeda zaostalih napona i ekstremnih vrednosti prikazni su u radu.The paper presents initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses measurment as a part of a research on ultimate capacity of axially compressed angle columns made from stainless steel. The research covers three different angle types – cold-formed, hot-rolled and laser-welded. The procedure and results of initial geometric imperfections measurments using a laser measurement system are presented. Measurement of residual stresses using a sectioning method was performed on hot-rolled and laser-welded samples with nominal dimensions of 100 × 100 × 10, made of austenitic stainless steel EN 1.4301. The procedure of residual stresses measurement and obtained results in form of residual stresses distribution and extreme values are presented

Cell proliferation assay - Method optimisation for in vivo labeling of DNA in the rat forestomach

The study of cell proliferation is a useful tool in the fields of toxicology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. Cell proliferation and its degree can be evaluated using 5-bromo-2'deoxyuridine which is incorporated into the newly synthesized DNA. The aim of this study was the optimization of subcutaneous application of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine implantation for continuous and persistent marking of proliferating cells in the rat forestomach. 3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole was used as the agent that ensures cell proliferation. In order to determine the optimal dose for proliferating cells labeling, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg or 350 mg were implemented 2 days prior to sacrifice by flat-faced cylindrical matrices. Immunohistochemical analysis using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in situ detection kit was performed for the detection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeled cells. The results showed that for adult rats, the optimum 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine dose is 200 mg per animal for subcutaneous application. The here described manner of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine in vivo labeling provides a simple, efficient, and reliable method for cell labeling, and at the same minimizes stress to animals

Inhibition by blueberries (bilberries) and extract from milk thistle of rat forestomach hyperplasia induced by oral smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus)

The aim of this study was to identify palatable additives which have a significant protective action against soft tissue changes in the oral cavity caused by Swedish smokeless tobacco (snus), and that satisfy existing legal requirements. Although the cancer risk from snus is extremely low, long term use may result in highly undesirable keratotic lesions and associated epithelial abnormalities in the oral cavity. The rat forestomach, which is vulnerable to the irritative action of non-genotoxic compounds like butylated hydroxyanisole, propionic acid as well as snus, was chosen as an experimental model. Studied toxicological endpoints included histopathology and cellular proliferation based on DNA incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine. After 6 weeks exposure, blueberries (bilberries) and an extract from the common milk thistle were found to exert a highly significant inhibition of cell proliferation induced by snus in the rat forestomach epithelium, indicating a potential protection with respect soft tissue changes in the human oral cavity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved