Poda drástica de verão e produção de cultivares de amoreira‑preta em região subtropical

The objective of this work was to evaluate pruning managements of blackberry (Rubus spp.) cultivars, subjected to drastic summer pruning, in subtropical regions. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, in a 7x2 (pruning x cultivars) factorial arrangement, in the municipality of Lavras, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Comanche, Caingangue, Choctaw, Tupy, Guarani, Brazos, and Cherokee cultivars were used, receiving conventional pruning (control) and drastic summer pruning. Phenological, vegetative, and productive data were evaluated on the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 production cycles, as well as the fruit physicochemical attributes and disease incidence in the last production cycle. Drastic summer pruning increases the production of cultivars in subtropical regions. There is no difference in the quality of fruit harvested from plants subjected to the evaluated pruning systems. Drastic summer pruning is not effective in the reduction or the control of diseases.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o manejo de podas em cultivares de amoreira‑preta (Rubus spp.), submetidas à poda drástica de verão, em regiões subtropicais. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x7 (podas x cultivares), no Município de Lavras, MG. Foram utilizadas as cultivares Comanche, Caingangue, Choctaw, Tupy, Guarani, Brazos e Cherokee, que receberam poda convencional (controle) e poda drástica de verão. Foram avaliados dados fenológicos, vegetativos e produtivos nos ciclos de produção 2012/2013 e 2013/2014, além de características físico‑químicas dos frutos e da incidência de doenças, no último ciclo de produção. A poda drástica de verão aumenta a produção das cultivares em regiões subtropicais. Não há diferença na qualidade dos frutos colhidos de plantas submetidas aos sistemas de poda avaliados. A poda drástica de verão não é eficiente na redução ou no controle de doenças

Poda drástica de verão e produção de cultivares de amoreira‑preta em região subtropical

The objective of this work was to evaluate pruning managements of blackberry (Rubus spp.) cultivars, subjected to drastic summer pruning, in subtropical regions. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, in a 7x2 (pruning x cultivars) factorial arrangement, in the municipality of Lavras, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Comanche, Caingangue, Choctaw, Tupy, Guarani, Brazos, and Cherokee cultivars were used, receiving conventional pruning (control) and drastic summer pruning. Phenological, vegetative, and productive data were evaluated on the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 production cycles, as well as the fruit physicochemical attributes and disease incidence in the last production cycle. Drastic summer pruning increases the production of cultivars in subtropical regions. There is no difference in the quality of fruit harvested from plants subjected to the evaluated pruning systems. Drastic summer pruning is not effective in the reduction or the control of diseases.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o manejo de podas em cultivares de amoreira‑preta (Rubus spp.), submetidas à poda drástica de verão, em regiões subtropicais. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2x7 (podas x cultivares), no Município de Lavras, MG. Foram utilizadas as cultivares Comanche, Caingangue, Choctaw, Tupy, Guarani, Brazos e Cherokee, que receberam poda convencional (controle) e poda drástica de verão. Foram avaliados dados fenológicos, vegetativos e produtivos nos ciclos de produção 2012/2013 e 2013/2014, além de características físico‑químicas dos frutos e da incidência de doenças, no último ciclo de produção. A poda drástica de verão aumenta a produção das cultivares em regiões subtropicais. Não há diferença na qualidade dos frutos colhidos de plantas submetidas aos sistemas de poda avaliados. A poda drástica de verão não é eficiente na redução ou no controle de doenças

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Enraizamento de estacas caulinares e radiculares de Rubus fruticosus tratadas com AIB

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o enraizamento de estacas caulinares e radiculares de Rubus fruticosus, tratadas com AIB. Estacas radiculares e caulinares dessa espécie foram coletadas em março, tendo posteriormente suas bases tratadas com diferentes concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB, 1000, 2000, 3000 e 4000 mg L-1) por 10 segundos. O tratamento controle foi baseado somente no uso da água. As estacas caulinares foram enterradas a 2/3 de seu comprimento, em posição vertical, e as radiculares foram totalmente enterradas, na horizontal, utilizando-se a vermiculitaï como substrato, em telado com sombreamento de 50%. Após 60 dias, pôde-se concluir que as estacas caulinares apresentaram melhores resultados para formação das mudas, não se devendo tratá-las com AIB

Enraizamento de estacas caulinares e radiculares de Rubus fruticosus tratadas com AIB Rooting of stems and root cuttings of Rubus fruticosus using IBA

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o enraizamento de estacas caulinares e radiculares de Rubus fruticosus, tratadas com AIB. Estacas radiculares e caulinares dessa espécie foram coletadas em março, tendo posteriormente suas bases tratadas com diferentes concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB, 1000, 2000, 3000 e 4000 mg L-1) por 10 segundos. O tratamento controle foi baseado somente no uso da água. As estacas caulinares foram enterradas a 2/3 de seu comprimento, em posição vertical, e as radiculares foram totalmente enterradas, na horizontal, utilizando-se a vermiculitaï como substrato, em telado com sombreamento de 50%. Após 60 dias, pôde-se concluir que as estacas caulinares apresentaram melhores resultados para formação das mudas, não se devendo tratá-las com AIB.<br>The objective of the present work was to evaluate the rizogenic potential for stems and root cuttings of Rubus fruticosus treated with indolbutyric acid. Roots and stems cuttings of this specie were collected in March, and had their basal portions treated with different concentrations of indolbutyric acid (IBA) (1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg L-1) for 10 seconds. The control treatment used only water. The stem cuttings were planted with 2/3 of their length in the vertical position and the root cuttings were totally covered in the horizontal position, using vermiculite as substrate, in screenhouse with 50% of shade. After 60 days, the stem cuttings presented better results for seedling formation, without IBA

Advances in the production of temperate fruits in the tropics

The present study aimed to review the advances in the production of temperate fruits to determine future research directions that improve production in the tropics. Temperate fruits are no longer only produced in regions characterized by a cold winter period. These fruits are also produced in the sub-tropical and tropical regions characterized by mild winter or even the absence of chilling conditions often required by the tree to break dormancy. Currently, temperate fruit production is possible in certain regions of South America, Africa and Asia that are near to the Equator. However, temperate tree fruit production in tropical regions requires modified techniques to overcome dormancy and allow adequate flowering, growth and productivity. The main approaches taken are the development of cultivars with low chilling requirement, chemical induction of budbreak, interruption of irrigation during the winter period, defoliation, orchard densification, and double pruning. Breeding has become a key tool in the advancement of temperate fruit growing in the tropics, especially with the development of low chilling requirement cultivars