Perbadanan Kemajuan iktisad negeri Kelantan (PKINK) dalam pembangunan perumahan di negeri Kelantan / Che Azhar Che Abdullah

Perumahan sering di perkatakan oleh setiap masyarakat kerana pembekalannya ke dalam pasaran tidak dapat memenuhi kehendak masyarakat yang memerlukannya. Lapuran Kajian Separuh Penggal RME menyatakan pencapaian pembinaan perumahan di peringkat nasionaL adalah kurang marauaskan atas sebab faktur permintaan dan penawaran. Adalah menjadi mat lamat perumahan nasional untuk menyediakan kemudahan perumahan yang mencukupi bagi semua rakyat di negara ini , terutama golongan berpendapatan rendah dengan kemudahan perumahan yang baik dan selesa. Kadar permintaan rendah di sebabkan oleh kemelesetan ekonomi, harga rumah dan kadar faedah yang tinggi. Penawarannya berkurangan oleh sebab kekurangan tapak bersesuaian dan kelewatan memperolehi kelulusan disamping sebab-sebab lain. Matlamat perumahan nasional ini juga dijalankan di- Negeri Kelantan di raana sebahagian besar projek perumahannya di laksanakan oleh Jabatan Perumahan Negara (JPN) dan Perbadanan Kemajuan Iktisad Negeri Kelantan (PKINK) d i samping sektor awam dan swasta yang lain . Didalam dissertasi ini , penyentuhan akan di buat tentang peranan PKINK dalam pembangunan perumahan di dalam menolong mencapai matlamat di atas. Di dalam mendapatkan maklumat serta penyelidikan untuk penyediaan dissertasi ini , kerjasama yang baik dan memuaskan hati telah diperolehi dari PKINK sendiri, JPN, Bahagian Perumahan Negeri* Jabatan Perangkaan, UPEN, Pejabat Tanah dan Galian, Majlis Perbandaran Kota Bharu serta Pejabat Perancang Bandar dan Desa Negeri Kelantan. Di samping itu , maklumat juga telah diperolehi daripada keratan-kerata n akhbar dan majalah majallah. Maklumat-maklumat yang terakhir tidak dapat diperolehi sepenuhnya kerana kebanyakan kertas-kertas kerja , lapuran serta rekod-rekod adalah di sediakan semasa untuk membuat lapuran bagi penyediaan Lapuran Kajian Separuh Penggal RME yang telah di bentangkan pada penghujung Mac, 1984. Hasil daripada kerjasama yang diberikan, dapatlah saya menyiapkan dissertasi ini dan saya rakamkan kalungan penghargaan keatas setiap pihak berkenaan dengan ucapan "terima kasih daun keladi "

The socio-economic burden of cystic echinococcosis in morocco:A combination of estimation method

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a major zoonosis in Morocco despite the launch of a national control programme in 2005. As its economic consequences have not been studied yet in Morocco, this study estimated CE impact in terms of monetary losses, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and DALY for zoonotic diseases (zDALY) in the entire country and in specific regions for the 2011 to 2014 period. The direct monetary losses were related to organ seizure from infected animal in slaughterhouses, and to healthcare expenses as well as lost wages for infected humans. Animal production losses concerned milk yield, fertility, carcass weight, and wool production. Losses due to human infection were also composed of disability and productivity losses at work. Monte Carlo simulations were used to estimate monetary losses and zDALY values. Nationwide, the estimated DALY was 0.5 years per 100,000 persons per year, and the zDALY was 55 years per 100,000 persons per year. Total yearly losses were estimated at 73 million USD (54-92 million USD). However, losses differed significantly among regions. Most of the economic losses consisted of unperceived consequences, i.e. decreased animal production and reduced productivity of asymptomatic individuals. Future studies should determine the socioeconomic and epidemiological factors underlying the differences in economic losses among regions to develop better adapted control programmes. Author summary Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a major neglected zoonosis in Morocco, despite the launch of a national control programme in 2005. The first study on CE in Morocco dates back to 1924. However, no evaluation of economic losses was made until now. The present study estimated the economic losses caused by CE in Morocco, at the national and regional scale, by combining financial and non-financial methods. Estimation of the direct and indirect losses caused by CE infection in humans and livestock (sheep, cattle, goats and camels) highlighted the important disease burden nationwide, amounting to 0.07% of Morocco Gross Domestic Product. The combination of methods brought information on the different CE-linked economic losses, including the unperceived consequences. These results indicate that the national CE control strategy did not result in a decrease of the disease burden, which calls for its evaluation and improvement

Investigation of the effects of thermal annealing on the structural, morphological and optical properties of nanostructured Mn doped ZnO thin films

The control of the optical properties of ZnO nanostructured thin films by using different dopant elements paves the way for the development of potential materials for photonic and optoelectronic applications. In this work manganese (Mn) doped ZnO thin films were fabricated by rapid thermal evaporation method on a glass substrate having the same Mn content level of ~10% and annealed at different temperatures. XRD analysis showed that the annealed layers have hexagonal wurtzite structure, however, the unannealed layers showed only Zn peaks without any preferential direction. The elemental analysis of the films has been investigated by XPS, which revealed the presence of Mn and oxygen atoms for all layers. In addition, it was observed by FIB-SEM that the morphology of thin films changed with the annealing temperature. For an anneal at 500 °C nanoneedles appeared. Raman spectroscopy showed E1 (TO) mode in the sample annealed at 500 °C which was attributed with the formation of nanoneedles structures. The optical transmission of the annealed films was in the range of 75–77% and the optical bandgap varied from 3.97 to 3.72 eV. These variations are related to the structural and morphological changes of the thin films with annealing temperature

Feasibility and acceptability of a new integrated approach to control cystic echinococcosis in Morocco:Vaccination of sheep and anthelmintic treatment of dogs

peer reviewe

“The mosquitoes that destroy your face”. Social impact of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in South-eastern Morocco, A qualitative study

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To document the psychosocial burden of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in rural communities in Southeastern Morocco.</p><p>Method</p><p>Between March and April 2015, we conducted qualitative research in communities exposed to <i>Leishmania major</i> or <i>L</i>. <i>tropica</i> in Errachidia and Tinghir provinces. Twenty-eight focus groups discussions (FGDs) were realized, with a stratification by gender and tradition of medicine (users of folk versus professional medicine). Data were analyzed using content analysis.</p><p>Results</p><p>This rural population most exposed to CL in Morocco lacks access to health care in general and clearly points out there are other major public health issues that need to be resolved. Nonetheless, respondents consider the impact of CL lesions and scars as important and similar to that of burn scar tissue. Young women with CL scars in the face are stigmatized and will often be rejected for marriage in these communities. People usually try a long list of folk remedies on the active lesions, but none was felt adequate. There was a clear demand for better treatment as well as for treatment of the scars.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The psycho-social impact of CL due to <i>L</i>.<i>major</i> and <i>L</i>.<i>tropica</i> is substantial, especially for young single women with facial scars. These generate social and self-stigma and diminish their marriage prospects. CL is well known, but not considered as a major health priority by these poor rural communities in South-eastern Morocco where gender discrimination is still an issue and access to basic health care is as neglected as CL. Early CL diagnosis and new treatment options with better skin outcomes are urgently needed.</p></div

Stakeholder analysis to improve the national control program of cystic echinococcosis in Morocco

peer reviewe

Determinants and effects or consequences of internal HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV in Morocco

International audienceBackground: HIV-related stigma and discrimination constitute a barrier to different intervention programs. Unlike external stigma, internal stigma is not well explored in in the Middle East and North African countries, while grasping this particular form of stigma is essential to limit its effects. The present study aims to measure internal stigma effects and to identify factors associated with this kind of stigma not yet documented among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Morocco. Methods: The PLHIV Stigma Index questionnaire (adapted and translated into French and Moroccan Arabic dialect "darija") was used to collect information regarding the stigma and discrimination experienced by PLHIV across 8 cities in Morocco (September-October 2016). A randomly drawn cluster of 10 PLHIV, consisting of 5 men and 5 women, was drawn at each participating medical care center to achieve a nationally representative sample of PLHI V. Fifteen interviewers living with HIV and five supervisors were selected and trained to administer the questionnaire. An internal stigma score (range: 0-7), was calculated based on seven negative feelings/ beliefs. Negative binomial regression was used to identify characteristics associated with the internal stigma score. Results: Among 626 PLHIV, internal stigma was reported by 88.2%. The median [IQR] internal stigma score was 4 [2-5]. Regarding internal stigma, 51% avoided going to the local clinic when needed and 44% chose not to attend social gatherings. Belonging to at least one key population (aIRR [95%CI] = 1.15 [1.03; 1.28]), experiencing discriminatory reactions from family following HIV status disclosure (1.28 [1.11; 1.49]), avoiding HIV services for fear of stigmatization by staff (1.16 [1.05; 1.28]) and being denied health services because of HIV status (1.16 [1.03;1.32]), are among the factors significantly associated with an increase of the internal stigma score. Conclusions: Internal stigma is high among Moroccan PLHIV and significantly impacting their life decisions and their healthcare access. Multi-level interventions are needed to address internal stigma experienced by PLHIV in Morocco

Map showing Tinghir and Errachidia provinces located in Deraa-Tafilalet Region, Morocco.

<p>(Source <a href="http://www.hcp.ma/" target="_blank">www.hcp.ma</a>).</p