Volatile composition and sensory properties of mead

Mead is a traditional beverage that results from the alcoholic fermentation of diluted honey performed by yeasts. Although the process of mead production has been optimized in recent years, studies focused on its sensory properties are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this work was to analyse the sensory ttributes of mead produced with free or immobilized cells of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains QA23 and ICV D47, and to establish potential correlations with its olatile composition. In the volatile composition of mead, the effect of yeast condition was more important than the strain. In respect to sensory analysis, the most pleasant aroma descriptors were correlated with mead obtained with free yeast cells, independently of the strain. Both sensory analysis and volatile composition indicates that the most pleasant mead was produced by free yeast cells. Although this study has provided a significant contribution, further research on the sensory quality of mead is still needed.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/45820/2008). This research was partially supported through the PTDC project (PTDC/AGR-ALI/68284/2006) awarded by the FCT. This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 – Programa Operacional Regional do Norteinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Palladium-catalysed amination of electron-deficient or relatively-rich benzo[b]thienylbromides: preliminary studies of antimicrobial activity and SARs

Several diarylamines in the benzo[b]thiophene series were prepared by palladium catalyzed amination of ethyl 3-bromobenzo[b]thien-2-yl carboxylate with anilines and 5-aminoindole, in good to high yields using Pd(OAc)2, BINAP, Cs2CO3 in toluene. The presence of the ester group in the position 2 of the benzo[b]thiophene moiety increases the yields and lowers the heating times when compared with reactions using 3-bromobenzo[b]thiophene. When aminopyridines, instead of anilines, were used the ligand and the solvent need to be changed to XANTHPHOS and dioxane in the amination reaction. From 2-aminopyridine a one pot C-N coupling and intramolecular cyclization involving the nitrogen of the pyridine, with lost of ethanol, occurred giving an interesting fluorescent tetracyclic heteroaromatic compound. The antimicrobial activity, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and structure-activity relationships (SAR) were evaluated. A selectivity with low MICs was observed against Bacillus Cereus and good results were also obtained against Candida albicans. The acids obtained by hydrolysis of the ester group, as non proteinogenic alpha,beta-unsaturated beta-amino acids can be incorporated in a peptide chain to induce conformational constraints.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia. ERASMUS

Sistema de oscilometria de impulso em pediatria: revisão de literatura

Introduction: impulse oscillometry (IOS) is considered a method of evaluation of respiratory mechanics, and being non-invasive, has been increasingly mentioned in the care and research of pediatric patients. Studies have considered the interest of determining reference values and check the IOS relationship with other methods of respiratory assessment.Objective: to present an update of the literature regarding the system, technical criteria and interpretation of data, as well as the relationship of the system with other methods of respiratory assessment and its clinical applicability.Method: literature review with consultation in the databases MEDLINE / PubMed and Ebsco, using the keywords: “impulse oscillometry”, "reference  values” and “child”. It was considered all material with information about the equipment, their indications and application as an evaluation tool in different clinical situations.Results: 45 documents were identified, (41 trials and 4 reviews), supplemented with 20 papers (1 guideline, 1 manual on equipment and 18 articles on the subject). This material was characterized by approaching the equipment, its parameters evaluation, performance technique and positioning of the patient during the examination, criteria for acceptability and reproducibility, and interpretation of the data obtained. There are several publications of this tool in the evaluation of respiratory mechanics disorders such as asthma and cystic fibrosis, and making on reference values in healthy children. Conclusion: IOS is a relatively new feature, whose indication  in pediatrics has been increasing, but still required investigations, both technical and clinical investigations.Introdução: a oscilometria de impulso (IOS) é considerado um método de avaliação da mecânica respiratória, e por ser não invasivo, vem sendo crescentemente indicado na assistência e investigação do paciente pediátrico. Estudos tem tido como interesse a determinação de valores de referência e a verificação da relação do IOS com outros métodos de avaliação respiratória. Objetivo: Apresentar uma atualização da literatura quanto ao sistema, critérios técnicos e interpretação de dados, bem como, a relação do sistema com outros métodos de avaliação respiratória e sua aplicabilidade clínica.Método: revisão bibliográfica com consulta nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed e Ebsco, utilizando as palavras-chaves: “impulse oscillometry”, “reference values” e “child”. Considerou-se todo material com informações sobre o equipamento, suas indicações e aplicação como instrumento de avaliação em diferentes situações clínicas.Resultados: foram identificados 45 documentos, sendo 41 ensaios clínicos e 4 revisões, complementados com 20 trabalhos: 1 guideline, 1 manual sobre o equipamento e 18 artigos referentes ao tema. Esse material foi caracterizado por abordar o equipamento, seus parâmetros de avaliação, técnica de execução e posicionamento do paciente durante o exame, critérios de aceitabilidade e reprodutibilidade e interpretação dos dados obtidos. São várias as publicações dessa ferramenta na avaliação da mecânica respiratória de disfunções como asma e fibrose cística e geração de valores de referência em crianças saudáveis.Conclusão: o IOS é um recurso relativamente novo, cuja indicação em pediatriatem sido crescente, mas que ainda carece investigações, tanto técnicas quanto clínicas

Strong relationships between soil and vegetation in reference ecosystems of a riparian atlantic rainforest in the upper Doce River watershed, southeastern Brazil

Habitat loss and fragmentation have been impacting ecosystem services essential for human survival. The Brazilian Atlantic rainforest, a biodiversity hotspot, has suffered from historical deforestation and, more recently, from an environmental disaster caused by the Fundão dam collapse that released ore tailings drastically affecting a large territory in the Doce River watershed. This work aims to assess the relationships between soil properties and vegetation in a reference ecosystem to provide guidelines for restoration projects in areas affected by the dam collapse. We conducted phytosociological (vegetation characteristic) and soil quality studies in three distinct natural sites and studied different vegetation strata to better understand plant species composition in reference sites along the impacted Doce River and their potential role in community structuring and functioning. We recorded 140 species, 78 in the tree stratum, and 90 in the sapling stratum. Furthermore, our results highlight the influence of soil on floristic composition in the Atlantic rainforest. Smallscale edaphic variation influenced species composition in both sapling and tree strata. We also identified species of the same genus with strong association with the extremes of the edaphic gradient. Therefore, we highlight that studies in various regions along the Doce River watershed are of utmost importance to evaluate the association between species and soils. The particularities of the species are crucial to the effectiveness of restoration processes since this plant-soil correlation should not be extrapolated even within the same genus. This knowledge is of strategic relevance to provide scientificbased guidance for restoring these environments, aiming at the recovery of biodiversity and ecosystem services.Fil: Ramos, Letícia. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Negreiros, Daniel. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Ferreira, Bárbara S. Silva. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Figueiredo, João Carlos Gomes. Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros; BrasilFil: Paiva, Dario C.. Florida International University; Estados UnidosFil: Oki, Yumi. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: De Souza Justino, Wénita. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Dos Santos, Rubens Manoel. Universidade Federal de Lavras; BrasilFil: Aguilar, Ramiro. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Nunes, Yule Roberta Ferreira. Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros; BrasilFil: Fernandes, G Wilson. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasi

Criação de suínos da raça piau em propriedades familiares agroecológicos

Diante do atual modelo hegemônico de produção da suinocultura, a criação animal na perspectiva agroecológica se apresenta como alternativa para agricultores/as familiares que buscam soberania e segurança alimentar. A utilização da raça Piau se mostrou interessante numa experiência agroecológica, devido a sua alta rusticidade, pois trata-se de uma raça brasileira bem adaptada à s condições climáticas tropicais. Existe na Universidade Federal de Viçosa um projeto para preservação da raça, pois esta se encontra ameaçada, e atendendo a uma demanda de projeto pedagógico do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, surgiu a oportunidade de construção de um projeto objetivando a produção de suíno agroecológico. O presente trabalho foi construído com metodologia participativa entre o Grupo Animais para Agroecologia (UFV) e dois agricultores com vivência agroecológica com o objetivo de disseminar a raça na Zona da Mata Mineira e favorecer a soberania e segurança alimentar dessas famílias.Eje B1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Relatos de experiencias)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Accurate Atmospheric Parameters at Moderate Resolution Using Spectral Indices: Preliminary Application to the MARVELS Survey

Studies of Galactic chemical and dynamical evolution in the solar neighborhood depend on the availability of precise atmospheric parameters (Teff, [Fe/H] and log g) for solar-type stars. Many large-scale spectroscopic surveys operate at low to moderate spectral resolution for efficiency in observing large samples, which makes the stellar characterization difficult due to the high degree of blending of spectral features. While most surveys use spectral synthesis, in this work we employ an alternative method based on spectral indices to determine the atmospheric parameters of a sample of nearby FGK dwarfs and subgiants observed by the MARVELS survey at moderate resolving power (R~12,000). We have developed three codes to automatically normalize the observed spectra, measure the equivalent widths of the indices and, through the comparison of those with values calculated with pre-determined calibrations, derive the atmospheric parameters of the stars. The calibrations were built using a sample of 309 stars with precise stellar parameters obtained from the analysis of high-resolution FEROS spectra. A validation test of the method was conducted with a sample of 30 MARVELS targets that also have reliable atmospheric parameters from high-resolution spectroscopic analysis. Our approach was able to recover the parameters within 80 K for Teff, 0.05 dex for [Fe/H] and 0.15 dex for log g, values that are lower or equal to the typical external uncertainties found between different high-resolution analyzes. An additional test was performed with a subsample of 138 stars from the ELODIE stellar library and the literature atmospheric parameters were recovered within 125 K for Teff, 0.10 dex for [Fe/H] and 0.29 dex for log g. These results show that the spectral indices are a competitive tool to characterize stars with the intermediate resolution spectra.Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ. Abstract edited to comply with arXiv standards regarding the number of character

Criação de suínos da raça piau em propriedades familiares agroecológicos

Diante do atual modelo hegemônico de produção da suinocultura, a criação animal na perspectiva agroecológica se apresenta como alternativa para agricultores/as familiares que buscam soberania e segurança alimentar. A utilização da raça Piau se mostrou interessante numa experiência agroecológica, devido a sua alta rusticidade, pois trata-se de uma raça brasileira bem adaptada à s condições climáticas tropicais. Existe na Universidade Federal de Viçosa um projeto para preservação da raça, pois esta se encontra ameaçada, e atendendo a uma demanda de projeto pedagógico do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, surgiu a oportunidade de construção de um projeto objetivando a produção de suíno agroecológico. O presente trabalho foi construído com metodologia participativa entre o Grupo Animais para Agroecologia (UFV) e dois agricultores com vivência agroecológica com o objetivo de disseminar a raça na Zona da Mata Mineira e favorecer a soberania e segurança alimentar dessas famílias.Eje B1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Relatos de experiencias)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Criação de suínos da raça piau em propriedades familiares agroecológicos

Diante do atual modelo hegemônico de produção da suinocultura, a criação animal na perspectiva agroecológica se apresenta como alternativa para agricultores/as familiares que buscam soberania e segurança alimentar. A utilização da raça Piau se mostrou interessante numa experiência agroecológica, devido a sua alta rusticidade, pois trata-se de uma raça brasileira bem adaptada à s condições climáticas tropicais. Existe na Universidade Federal de Viçosa um projeto para preservação da raça, pois esta se encontra ameaçada, e atendendo a uma demanda de projeto pedagógico do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, surgiu a oportunidade de construção de um projeto objetivando a produção de suíno agroecológico. O presente trabalho foi construído com metodologia participativa entre o Grupo Animais para Agroecologia (UFV) e dois agricultores com vivência agroecológica com o objetivo de disseminar a raça na Zona da Mata Mineira e favorecer a soberania e segurança alimentar dessas famílias.Eje B1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Relatos de experiencias)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Ciclização do lapachol induzida por sais de tálio III

This work describes the cyclization of lapachol (1) induced by thallium triacetate (TTA) and thallium trinitrate (TTN) in several solvents using magnetic stirring and under microwave irradiation. alpha-Xyloidone (2) - dehydro-alpha-lapachone - was obtained as the main product in these reactions in 20 75% yield. However, rhinacanthin-A (4) was isolated as main product in a 40% yield, using TTA and acetic anhydride:water (1:1) as solvent, and dehydro-iso-alpha-lapachone (3) in 21% yield, using TTA and dichloromethane as solvent. The reaction time decreased drastically under microwave conditions, but the yields of these reactions were not the expected