1,856 research outputs found
Specific binding of radiolabeled Cry1Fa insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis to midgut sites in lepidopteran species
Cry1Fa insecticidal protein was successfully radiolabeled with 125I-Na. Specific binding to brush border membrane vesicles was shown for the lepidopteran species Ostrinia nubilalis, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera exigua, Helicoverpa armigera, Heliothis virescens, and Plutella xylostella. Homologous competition assays were performed to obtain equilibrium binding parameters (Kd [dissociation constant] and Rt [concentration of binding sites]) for these six insect species
Pinning dependent field driven domain wall dynamics and thermal scaling in an ultrathin Pt/Co/Pt magnetic film
Magnetic field-driven domain wall motion in an ultrathin Pt/Co(0.45nm)/Pt
ferromagnetic film with perpendicular anisotropy is studied over a wide
temperature range. Three different pinning dependent dynamical regimes are
clearly identified: the creep, the thermally assisted flux flow and the
depinning, as well as their corresponding crossovers. The wall elastic energy
and microscopic parameters characterizing the pinning are determined. Both the
extracted thermal rounding exponent at the depinning transition, 0.15,
and the Larkin length crossover exponent, 0.24, fit well with the
numerical predictions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Magnetic properties and domain structure of (Ga,Mn)As films with perpendicular anisotropy
The ferromagnetism of a thin GaMnAs layer with a perpendicular easy
anisotropy axis is investigated by means of several techniques, that yield a
consistent set of data on the magnetic properties and the domain structure of
this diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor. The magnetic layer was grown under
tensile strain on a relaxed GaInAs buffer layer using a procedure that limits
the density of threading dislocations. Magnetometry, magneto-transport and
polar magneto-optical Kerr effect (PMOKE) measurements reveal the high quality
of this layer, in particular through its high Curie temperature (130 K) and
well-defined magnetic anisotropy. We show that magnetization reversal is
initiated from a limited number of nucleation centers and develops by easy
domain wall propagation. Furthermore, MOKE microscopy allowed us to
characterize in detail the magnetic domain structure. In particular we show
that domain shape and wall motion are very sensitive to some defects, which
prevents a periodic arrangement of the domains. We ascribed these defects to
threading dislocations emerging in the magnetic layer, inherent to the growth
mode on a relaxed buffer
Dynamic binding of driven interfaces in coupled ultrathin ferromagnetic layers
We demonstrate experimentally dynamic interface binding in a system
consisting of two coupled ferromagnetic layers. While domain walls in each
layer have different velocity-field responses, for two broad ranges of the
driving field, H, walls in the two layers are bound and move at a common
velocity. The bound states have their own velocity-field response and arise
when the isolated wall velocities in each layer are close, a condition which
always occurs as H->0. Several features of the bound states are reproduced
using a one dimensional model, illustrating their general nature.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letter
Permutation-invariant distance between atomic configurations
We present a permutation-invariant distance between atomic configurations,
defined through a functional representation of atomic positions. This distance
enables to directly compare different atomic environments with an arbitrary
number of particles, without going through a space of reduced dimensionality
(i.e. fingerprints) as an intermediate step. Moreover, this distance is
naturally invariant through permutations of atoms, avoiding the time consuming
associated minimization required by other common criteria (like the Root Mean
Square Distance). Finally, the invariance through global rotations is accounted
for by a minimization procedure in the space of rotations solved by Monte Carlo
simulated annealing. A formal framework is also introduced, showing that the
distance we propose verifies the property of a metric on the space of atomic
configurations. Two examples of applications are proposed. The first one
consists in evaluating faithfulness of some fingerprints (or descriptors), i.e.
their capacity to represent the structural information of a configuration. The
second application concerns structural analysis, where our distance proves to
be efficient in discriminating different local structures and even classifying
their degree of similarity
On the Stellar Kinematics and Mass of the Virgo Ultra-Diffuse Galaxy VCC 1287
Here, we present a kinematical analysis of the Virgo cluster ultra-diffuse
galaxy (UDG) VCC 1287 based on data taken with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager
(KCWI). We confirm VCC 1287's association both with the Virgo cluster and its
globular cluster (GC) system, measuring a recessional velocity of $1116 \pm 2\
\mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}19 \pm 6\
\mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}1.11^{+0.81}_{-0.81}
\times 10^{9} \ \mathrm{M_{\odot}}13^{+11}_{-11}$)
within the half light radius (4.4 kpc). This places VCC 1287 slightly above the
well established relation for normal galaxies, with a higher mass to light
ratio for its dynamical mass than normal galaxies. We use our dynamical mass,
and an estimate of GC system richness, to place VCC 1287 on the GC number --
dynamical mass relation, finding good agreement with a sample of normal
galaxies. Based on a total halo mass derived from GC counts, we then infer that
VCC 1287 likely resides in a cored or low concentration dark matter halo. Based
on the comparison of our measurements to predictions from simulations, we find
that strong stellar feedback and/or tidal effects are plausibly the dominant
mechanisms in the formation of VCC 1287. Finally, we compare our measurement of
the dynamical mass with those for other UDGs. These dynamical mass estimates
suggest relatively massive halos and a failed galaxy origin for at least some
UDGs.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures with an additional 5 pages and 5 figures in
appendices. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. v2: with small updates from
publication formatting and a minor plotting fix for Fig. 1
Dynamics of magnetic domain wall motion after nucleation: Dependence on the wall energy
The dynamics of magnetic domain wall motion in the FeNi layer of a
FeNi/Al2O3/Co trilayer has been investigated by a combination of x-ray magnetic
circular dichroism, photoelectron emission microscopy, and a stroboscopic
pump-probe technique. The nucleation of domains and subsequent expansion by
domain wall motion in the FeNi layer during nanosecond-long magnetic field
pulses was observed in the viscous regime up to the Walker limit field. We
attribute an observed delay of domain expansion to the influence of the domain
wall energy that acts against the domain expansion and that plays an important
role when domains are small.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter
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