Effect of impurities and sintering temperature on properties of MgO-CaZrO3 ceramic

CaZrO3 -MgO ceramics are useful as refractories in kilns for the cement production. One method of manufacture of such ceramics is by sintering from m-ZrO2 and dolomite MgCa(CO3 )2 mixtures. In this work electrofused m-ZrO2 grains (fraction <M325) and two Argentinean dolomites with different mineralogical compositions were used as raw materials. Ceramics were obtained by the conventional powder method of uniaxial pressing and subsequent sintering at 1400 to 1680 °C. The influence of the different mineralogy of the dolomites and sintering temperature on the properties of the composites was investigated. Ceramics had 20-30% porosity with representative SEM-EDX microstructure constituted by CaZrO3 agglomerates of variable size (~100µm) and MgO grains (size <50µm) containing some unreacted m-ZrO2 grains. The elastic modulus and flexural strength were correlated with the presence of impurities of the dolomite, porosity and microstructure of the ceramic.Fil: Booth, Raul Fernando Nicolas. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Invest.científicas. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Ceramica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Ceramica; ArgentinaFil: Garrido, Liliana Beatriz. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Invest.científicas. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Ceramica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Ceramica; ArgentinaFil: Aglietti, Esteban Fausto. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Invest.científicas. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Ceramica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Ceramica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Argentin

Enhancing level difficulty and additional content in platform videogames through graph analysis

In this article we present a system that enhances content in platform game levels. This is achieved by adding particular gaming entities and adjusting their arrangement, causing consequent changes in the inherent difficulty and in path related aspects. This idea follows our prior work for the automatic creation of level environments. Starting with a primal level structure and a corresponding graph that sketches the user path, the system detects mandatory and optional path sections and adapts them in order to create more elaborate challenges to the user, forcing detours to gather specific objects or trigger certain events. Alternatively, a designer can create that base level structure and use the algorithm to adapt it to a certain profile. Also, some adjustments can be made to enhance multiplayer cooperative gaming for uneven skilled players, where the path is adapted to force a difficult route to one player and an easier one for the other player. Our experiments showed interesting results on some popular games, where it is possible to observe the previous principles put into practise. The approach is generic and can be expanded to other similar games

Automatic level generation for platform videogames using genetic algorithms

In this document we present an investigation on automatically generating levels for platform videogames. Common approaches for this problem are rhythm based, where input patterns are transformed in a valid geometry, and chunk based, where samples are humanly created and automatically assembled like a puzzle. The proposal hereby presented is to explore this challenge with the usage of Genetic Algorithms, facing it as a search problem, in order to achieve higher expressivity and less linearity than in rhythm based approach and without requiring human creation as it happens with the chunk based approach. With simple heuristics the system is able to generate playable levels in a small amount of time (one level is created in less than a minute) and with considerable diversity, as our results show

La inserción laboral de ex reclusos : una aproximación cualitativa

Uno de los debates recurrentes en criminología pivota en la efectividad de las diversas medidas adoptadas desde el sistema penitenciario para la reinserción de la población reclusa. En este artículo abordamos específi camente el análisis de hasta qué punto la formación ocupacional y los programas de trabajo en los centros penitenciarios contribuyen a la reinserción social y laboral de los internos y ex internos. El punto de partida es una investigación llevada a cabo en Cataluña mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a expertos y a reclusos y ex reclusos. Los principales resultados que se resaltan son: a) la formación ocupacional y el trabajo en los talleres contribuyen moderadamente a la reinserción de los reclusos, según su motivación personal y recursos sociales; b) no obstante, su función más determinante recae en sus aspectos terapéuticos y educativos en la propia prisión, que ayuda a mantener el orden e, indirectamente, a la resocialización de los reclusos.The effectiveness of the measures taken from the prison system for the reintegration of inmates is a recurring debate in criminology. In this article, we analyze the extent to which occupational training and work programs in prisons contribute to social and professional reintegration of inmates and ex-inmates. The starting point is a research carried out in Catalonia through in-depth interviews with experts, inmates and ex-inmates. The main fi ndings are: a) the occupational training and work programs contribute to the reintegration of prisoners moderately, according to their personal motivation and social resources; b) however, these programs would be decisive in therapeutic and educational aspects with regard to maintaining order and, indirectly, to the social rehabilitation of prisoners

Spi+ : um interpretador paralelo para a linguagem superpascal /

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico

Effect of impurities and sintering temperature on properties of MgO-CaZrO3 ceramic

CaZrO3 -MgO ceramics are useful as refractories in kilns for the cement production. One method of manufacture of such ceramics is by sintering from m-ZrO2 and dolomite MgCa(CO3)2 mixtures. In this work electrofused m-ZrO2 grains (fraction 3 agglomerates of variable size (~100µm) and MgO grains (size 2 grains. The elastic modulus and flexural strength were correlated with the presence of impurities of the dolomite, porosity and microstructure of the ceramic.Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y CerámicaFacultad de Ciencias Exacta

Effect of impurities and sintering temperature on properties of MgO-CaZrO3 ceramic

CaZrO3 -MgO ceramics are useful as refractories in kilns for the cement production. One method of manufacture of such ceramics is by sintering from m-ZrO2 and dolomite MgCa(CO3)2 mixtures. In this work electrofused m-ZrO2 grains (fraction 3 agglomerates of variable size (~100µm) and MgO grains (size 2 grains. The elastic modulus and flexural strength were correlated with the presence of impurities of the dolomite, porosity and microstructure of the ceramic.Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y CerámicaFacultad de Ciencias Exacta

Modelo de decaimiento de cloro libre en la red de distribución de agua potable en la ciudad de Azogues, Ecuador

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ingeniería y Ciencias AmbientalesLas redes de distribución de agua potable (RDAP) deben mantener concentraciones mínimas de cloro (0,3mg/L) para asegurar la desinfección. Niveles elevados de cloro podrían ocasionar corrosión en las tuberías de cobre que son usadas a nivel domiciliario. Los modelos de decaimiento de cloro permiten predecir concentraciones del desinfectante y optimizar la dosificación del desinfectante en RDAP. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar un modelo de decaimiento de cloro residual en una RDAP usando EPANET y la relación del cloro libre en la corrosión. Para la modelación del cloro libre fue necesario elaborar un modelo hidráulico perfectamente calibrado y validado, así como determinar la constante de reacción del cloro con el agua kb, mediante el test de botella; mientras la constante de reacción con la pared del tubo kw fue calculada a partir de mediciones de campo. Para estimar la corrosión de las tuberías de cobre se utilizaron cupones extraíbles construidos con material de la misma tubería usada por la EMAPAL. Estos cupones fueron instalados en agua a diferentes concentraciones de cloro durante 30, 60, 90 y 180 días, luego de lo cual se determinó la tasa de corrosion por pérdida de peso. Las concentraciones de cloro residual simuladas por el modelo fueron muy cercanas a las concentraciones reales medidas en diferentes puntos de la RDAP. Los resultados demostraron que se puede lograr un mayor nivel de precisión usando coeficientes kb y kw calculados experimentalmente en cada RDAP en estudio. Se determinó que el cloro influye en la corrosión de tuberías de cobre. La simulación permitió determinar las concentraciones de cloro que debe mantenerse en el tanque de distribución, para mantener la mínima concentración en la RDAP de la ciudad de Azogues. Los modelos predicen la calidad del agua, pudiéndose usar como una herramienta de gestión para optimizar la calidad del servicio proporcionada por las empresas operadoras.Drinking water distribution networks (WDN) must maintain minimum chlorine concentrations (0.3mg / L) to ensure disinfection. High levels of chlorine could cause corrosion in copper pipes that are used at the home level. Chlorine decay models allow to predict concentrations of the disinfectant and optimize the dosage of the disinfectant in WDN. The objective of this study was to evaluate a model of residual chlorine decay in a WDN using EPANET and the relation of free chlorine in corrosion. For the modeling of free chlorine it was necessary to elaborate a perfectly calibrated and validated hydraulic model, as well as to determine the reaction constant of chlorine with water kb, by means of the bottle test; while the reaction constant with the tube wall kw was calculated from field measurements. To estimate the corrosion of the copper pipes, extractable coupons constructed with material from the same pipeline used by EMAPAL were used. These coupons were installed in water at different concentrations of chlorine for 30, 60, 90 and 180 days, after which the corrosion rate for weight loss was determined. The residual chlorine concentrations simulated by the model were very close to the actual concentrations measured at different points of the WDN. The results showed that a higher level of precision can be achieved using kb and kw coefficients experimentally calculated in each WDN under study. It was determined that chlorine influences the corrosion of copper pipes. The simulation allowed to determine the chlorine concentrations that must be maintained in the distribution tank, in order to maintain the minimum concentration in the WDN of the Azogues city. The models predict water quality, and can be used as a management tool to optimize the quality of service provided by the operating companies.Tesi