1,951 research outputs found
’Escalation of Commitment’ as a Force for Good? Evidence from an Indonesian Digital Government Project
In extant literature, ‘escalation of commitment’ is viewed as a recommitment of resources to a failing course of action that can lock projects into an ill-fated path of failure. This view portrays all feedback information driving recommitment decisions as “negative” in nature. In this paper we question this portrayal, joining an emerging alternative view that makes no assumptions about the nature of feedback. We take the view that feedback is inherently equivocal, and regard escalation of commitment as decision dilemmas arising out of such equivocality. Drawing on a case study of a digital government project in Indonesia, the paper explores this alternative view by understanding the antecedents of escalation of commitment deployed by key actors in steering a failing project to become a reasonably successful one. Theoretically, the paper suggests that the decision maker’s dilemma is influenced by their personal beliefs, cultural norms and institutional values. The paper presents the notion of “perseverance of commitment”, where escalation of commitment emerges, and is subsequently reinforced through a collective belief-driven reframing mechanism
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The coloniality of metadata : a critical data analysis of the Archive Of Early American Images at the John Carter Brown Library
How do contemporary metadata practices replicate the coloniality of power embedded in European colonial documents describing the Spanish Americas? This report draws from critical theory and postcolonial thought within the field of Latin American studies to explore the extent to which standardized description and categorization practices can perpetuate a Eurocentric colonial gaze on the Spanish Americas. In order to ground this theoretical engagement within the fields of information science and critical data studies, a dataset is compiled and computationally analyzed, which contains metadata records corresponding to images derived from books, manuscripts, and broadsides printed between 1492 and 1825 about the Spanish Americas found in the Archive of Early American Images at the John Carter Brown Library. This report then applies unsupervised machine learning techniques and counts word frequencies to identify broad metadata trends across the collection. Ultimately, this report combines methods from critical data studies and Latin American cultural studies to understand how controlled vocabularies and descriptive practices can perpetuate colonial structures of power.Latin American StudiesInformatio
Geografía-Paisaje-Taxonomía.
Para llegar a una clasificación taxonómica de los paisajes geográficos:
1º, se propone una definición de la geografía; 2º, se interpreta
el paisaje geográfico como un conjunto de unidades funcionales,
que se denominan individuos de paisaje, los cuales permiten dividir
el paisaje con un criterio objetivo; 3º, se comentan el concepto, es
tructura, funcionamiento y límites del individuo de paisaje; 4º, se
propone una ordenación taxonómica de los individuos de paisaje, asi
como su correspondiente nomenclatura, paralelas a las usadas para los
seres vivos; 5º, se mencionan 83 taxones de dicha clasificación
On the Potential of the Excluded Volume and Auto-Correlation as Neuromorphometric Descriptors
This work investigates at what degree two neuromorphometric measurements,
namely the autocorrelation and the excluded volume of a neuronal cell can
influence the characterization and classification of such a type of cells.
While the autocorrelation function presents good potential for quantifying the
dendrite-dendrite connectivity of cells in mosaic tilings, the excluded volume,
i.e. the amount of the surround space which is geometrically not accessible to
an axon or dendrite, provides a complementary characterization of the cell
connectivity. The potential of such approaches is illustrated with respect to
real neuronal cells.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure
Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Paenibacillus larvae
American foulbrood is a serious bacterial disease that affects Apis mellifera colonies;
the causative agent is Paenibacillus larvae [1 ]. The aim of the study was to evaluate in
vitro the antimicrobial activity of 32 essential oils against P. larvae. Oils from 21 botanical
species were analyzed by gas chromatography (CG and CG/EM). All essential oils were
classified according to the composition of their main components in two groups: benzene
ring compounds (BRC) and terpene compounds (TC). Minimal inhibitory concentration
(MIC) in MYT broth [2] was assessed by the microdilution method. Final serial dilution
concentrations of the essential oils ranged between 2,000-12.5 mgll. The bacterial
isolates were collected from different Argentina's region. The chromatographic analysis
showed that a 67% of the essential oils contained predominately terpene compounds.
while the remaining 33% included mainly compounds with benzene rings. From the TC
group, Cymbopogon citratus essential oil showed the better antimicrobial activity against
P. larvae with MIC values between 150 and 250 mgl l. The essential oi ls from Aloysia
polystachya and Mentha spp. had the lowest inhibitory activity. Among the oils from the
BRC group, one of the lowest MIC values was found with cinnamon essential oil
(Cinnamomun zeylanicum) being between 25 and 50 mg/L; Origanum vulgare showed the
highest MIC values (350-400 mg/L). Essential oils, especially those with BRC in their
composition, presented inhibitory capacity against P. larvae strains
Resultados de los potenciales evocados miogénicos vestibulares en el vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno
Objective: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
seems to occur because of otoconia migration into the semicircular
canals or their adherence to the cupula. Although
the origin of these otoconia lies in the macula of the utricle,
vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) can be
used assess saccular function. The aim of this study is to assess
the saccular function in patients diagnosed with BPPV.
Patients and method: Nineteen patients diagnosed with
BPPV of the posterior semicircular canal were included in
this study. Their auditory function and their caloric, rotatory
chair, and VEMP responses were tested. Ipsilateral and
contralateral VEMP thresholds, ipsilateral and contralateral
p13 and n23 latencies at 100 dB, inter-peak amplitude and
the interaural amplitude difference were determined.
Results: We found a lack of VEMP response in 52 % of the
ears with BPPV. When adjusted for bilateral absence, VEMP
response was absent in 20.3 % of ears.
Conclusions: Some patients with idiopathic BPPV show a
degree of saccular dysfunction
Loop bounds on non-standard neutrino interactions
We reconsider the bounds on non-standard neutrino interactions with matter
which can be derived by constraining the four-charged-lepton operators induced
at the loop level. We find that these bounds are model dependent. Naturalness
arguments can lead to much stronger constraints than those presented in
previous studies, while no completely model-independent bounds can be derived.
We will illustrate how large loop-contributions to four-charged-lepton
operators are induced within a particular model that realizes gauge invariant
non-standard interactions and discuss conditions to avoid these bounds. These
considerations mainly affect the constraint on the
non-standard coupling strength \eps_{e\mu}, which is lost. The only
model-independent constraints that can be derived are .
However, significant cancellations are required in order to saturate this
bound.Comment: Minor changes, version to be published in JHEP. 17 pages, 3 Axodraw
figures, REVTeX
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