Herausforderungen in der Ingenieurbiologie - vom Ingenieurbauwesen zum Ingenieurbau- und planungswissen

Análise dos desafios actuais e futuros da Engenharia Natural em termos do aprofundamento dos domínios técnicos e científicos desta especialidade. Considerações sobre a evolução dos conceitos ecológicos e de planeamento e sua implicação nos domínios de actuação da Engenharia Natural

Sustentabilidade - a dimensão da liberdade e das responsabilidade

É feito um balanço do processo de ordenamento do território em Portugal à luz do conceito de sustentabilidade com particular enfoque no território urban

Tools and libraries to model and manipulate circular programs

This paper presents techniques to model circular lazy programs in a strict, purely functional setting. Circular lazy programs model any algorithm based on multiple traversals over a recursive data structure as a single traversal function. Such elegant and concise circular programs are defined in a (strict or lazy) functional language and they are transformed into efficient strict and deforested, multiple traversal programs by using attribute grammars-based techniques. Moreover, we use standard slicing techniques to slice such circular lazy programs. We have expressed these transformations as an Haskell library and two tools have been constructed: the HaCirctool that refactors Haskell lazy circular programs into strict ones, and the OCirctool that extends Ocaml with circular definitions allowing programmers to write circular programs in Ocaml notation, which are transformed into strict Ocaml programs before they are executed. The first benchmarks of the different implementations are presented and show that for algorithms relying on a large number of traversals the resulting strict, deforested programs are more efficient than the lazy ones, both in terms of runtime and memory consumption.(undefined

CrossFit: an individual work performance booster?

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em PsicologiaObjetivo: Compreender a relação de grit com a prática de diferentes tipos de exercício físico, em especial CrossFit, e a não prática de exercício físico, assim como a sua relação com a performance individual no trabalho. Amostra: 427 trabalhadores, dos quais 38.6% praticavam CrossFit, 34.1% praticavam outro tipo de exercício físico e 27.3% não praticavam exercício físico. Método: Foram aplicados dois instrumentos, a Short Grit Scale e o Individual Work Performance Questionnaire que foram traduzidos e validados para a população portuguesa. Os resultados médios foram depois comparados entre grupos através de analises ANOVA. Resultados: Verificou-se uma diferença significativa de grit entre os diferentes tipos de exercício físico, com o CrossFit a mostrar os níveis de grit mais elevados, seguidos dos outros tipos de exercício físico, excluindo CrossFit, e em último os não praticantes de exercício físico. Quanto à performance individual no trabalho, encontraram-se diferenças significativas entre quase todas as subescalas da performance individual no trabalho, com os praticantes de CrossFit a mostrar os maiores níveis, seguidos dos praticantes de outros tipos de exercício físico, excluindo CrossFit, e por fim os não praticantes de exercício físico. Conclusões: Os resultados indicam haver um efeito significativo do exercício físico em geral nos níveis de grit assim como na performance individual no trabalho. Além disso, os praticantes de Crossfit demonstraram os maiores níveis de grit, assim como de performance individual no trabalho, comparativamente aos restantes grupos.Objective: Understand the relationship between grit and the practice of different types of physical exercise, especially CrossFit, and the non-practice of physical exercise, as well as its relationship with individual work performance. Sample: 427 workers, of whom 38.6% practiced CrossFit, 34.1% practiced another type of physical exercise and 27.3% didn’t practice any physical exercise. Method: Two instruments were applied, the Short Grit Scale and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire, which were translated and validated for the Portuguese population. The mean results were then compared between groups through ANOVA analyses. Results: There was a significant difference in grit levels between the different types of physical exercise, with CrossFit showing the highest grit levels, followed by other types of physical exercise, excluding CrossFit, and lastly, non-exercisers. For individual work performance, significant differences were found between almost all subscales of individual performance at work, with CrossFit practitioners showing the highest levels, followed by practitioners of other types of physical exercise, excluding CrossFit, and finally non-practitioners of physical exercise. Conclusions: The results indicated a significant effect of both physical exercise in grit as well as individual work performance. In addition, Crossfit practitioners demonstrated the highest levels of grit, as well as individual work performance, compared to the other groups

Statically analyzing the energy efficiency of software product lines

Optimizing software to become (more) energy efficient is an important concern for the software industry. Although several techniques have been proposed to measure energy consumption within software engineering, little work has specifically addressed Software Product Lines (SPLs). SPLs are a widely used software development approach, where the core concept is to study the systematic development of products that can be deployed in a variable way, e.g., to include different features for different clients. The traditional approach for measuring energy consumption in SPLs is to generate and individually measure all products, which, given their large number, is impractical. We present a technique, implemented in a tool, to statically estimate the worst-case energy consumption for SPLs. The goal is to reason about energy consumption in all products of a SPL, without having to individually analyze each product. Our technique combines static analysis and worst-case prediction with energy consumption analysis, in order to analyze products in a feature-sensitive manner: a feature that is used in several products is analyzed only once, while the energy consumption is estimated once per product. This paper describes not only our previous work on worst-case prediction, for comprehensibility, but also a significant extension of such work. This extension has been realized in two different axis: firstly, we incorporated in our methodology a simulated annealing algorithm to improve our worst-case energy consumption estimation. Secondly, we evaluated our new approach in four real-world SPLs, containing a total of 99 software products. Our new results show that our technique is able to estimate the worst-case energy consumption with a mean error percentage of 17.3% and standard deviation of 11.2%.This paper acknowledges the support of the Erasmus+ Key Action 2 (Strategic partnership for higher education) project No. 2020-1-PT01-KA203-078646: SusTrainable-Promoting Sustainability as a Fundamental Driver in Software Development Training and Education

Didactic speech synthesizer – acoustic module, formants model

Text-to-speech synthesis is lhe main subjecl treated in this work. II will be presented the conslilution of a generic lext-to-speech system conversion, explained lhe functions 01 the various modules and described lhe developmenl lechniques using lhe formants model. The development of a didactic forman! synthesiser under Matlab environmenl will also be described. This didactic synthesiser is inlended for a didactic understanding of lhe formant modelaI speech producllon

Multiple intermediate structure deforestation by shortcut fusion

Shortcut fusion is a well-known optimization technique for functional programs. Its aim is to transform multi-pass algorithms into single pass ones, achieving deforestation of the intermediate structures that multi-pass algorithms need to construct. Shortcut fusion has already been extended in several ways. It can be applied to monadic programs, maintaining the global effects, and also to obtain circular and higher-order programs. The techniques proposed so far, however, only consider programs defined as the composition of a single producer with a single consumer. In this paper, we analyse shortcut fusion laws to deal with programs consisting of an arbitrary number of function compositions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their detailed and helpful comments. This work was partially funded by ERDF - European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE Programme (operational programme for competitiveness) and by National Funds through the FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) within projects FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-020532 and FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-022701

Análise da continuidade estrutural da paisagem - a região dos distritos de Setúbal e de Évora

Recorrendo a modelos de similaridade estrutural e funcional caracteriza-se a continuidade estrutural da área de estudo. Com base na análise da similaridade entre usos e formações vegetais de acordo com elementos específicos de habitat, elaboraram-se matrizes de semelhança ecológica e as correspondentes cartas de continuidade estrutural. A metodologia foi aplicada a três objectos de caracterização estrutural: a carta de unidades ecológicas de referência, a Carta Agrícola e Florestal de Portugal de Folque e a Carta de Ocupação do Solo. Os resultados obtidos permitem identificar a naturalidade da continuidade estrutural num determinado momento/quadro de uso, referenciar a localização de soluções de continuidade críticas (por comparação com os padrões estruturais de continuidade estáveis determinados pela organização estrutural dos recursos estáveis da paisagem), assim como simular o efeito de corredores ecológicos e de estruturas pontuais na movimentação de espécies em quadros de continuidade comprometida

Caracterização e avaliação da estrutura da paisagem: Análise da sua evolução no séc. XX

Recorrendo ao modelo de caracterização ILA (Integrated Landscape Analisys) caracteriza-se a estrutura do território dos distritos de Setúbal e Évora. De modo a analisar o potencial do modelo de caracterização e ilustrar a sua aplicabilidade a diferentes momentos temporais e padrões de ocupação do solo, o estudo foi realizado relativamente a dois momentos históricos bastante distintos: a Carta Agrícola e Florestal de Portugal de Pedro Romano Folque de 1910 e a Carta de Ocupação do Solo COS 90. Foi possível, desta forma não só determinar os grandes padrões de mudança estrutural, assim como avaliar o desvio desses padrões relativamente à estrutura estável da paisagem

Conservation strategies for island - the "Park Island" of Pico (Azores)

É apresentado o conceito de Parque ilha e desenvolvido uma metodologia de caracterização e avaliação dos sistemas ecológicos em contexto insula