Mechanical strength of stainless steel and titanium alloy mini-implants with different diameters : an experimental laboratory study

Background: The mechanical strength of mini-implants is a critical factor due to their small diameters. Currently, it is not possible to state whether there is a relevant difference between the mechanical properties of stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy mini-implants (TA-MIs). The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the mechanical strength of SS-MIs and TA-MIs, and to analyze, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the SS-MI, and TA-MI threads resistance to morphological damage after insertion. Methods: A standardized sample of 504 SS-MIs and TA-MIs with diameters ranging from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm was used. Torsional fracture was performed in 154 MIs. Flexural strength of 280 MIs was evaluated at 1 mm and 2 mmdeflection. The threads of 70 MIs were morphologically analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), before and after their insertion in high-density artificial bone blocks. Comparisons between SS-MIs and TA-MIs were performed with t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of variables on the ranging of MI mechanical strength. Results: SS-MIs had higher fracture torque. The mean difference between the SS-MIs and TA-MIs fracture torque was of 4.09 Ncm. The MI diameter explained 90.3% of the total variation in fracture torque, while only 2.2% was explained by the metallic alloy. The SS-MI group presented a higher deformation force during the 1mm and 2mmdeflection. The mean difference between the flexural strength of SS and TA-MIs at 1 mm and 2 mm-deflection was of 18.21 N and 17.55 N, respectively. There was no noticeable morphological damage to the threads of SS-MIs and TA-MIs. Conclusions: The null hypothesis was rejected. SS-MIs were 13.2% and 20.2% more resistant to torsional fracture and deflection, respectively. The threads of the SS-MIs and TA-MIs were not damaged during the insertion and removal process. Thus, the use of SS-MI can reduce the fracture risk without increasing the MI diameter

Leptin Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in Human Prostate

This paper aimed to evaluate the leptin role on the cellular proliferation and the expression of fibroblast growth factor 2, aromatase enzyme, and apoptotic genes in the human prostate tissue. Methods. Fifteen samples of hyperplasic prostate tissue were divided in four symmetric parts maintained in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1 ng/mL of gentamicin, and added with 50 ng/mL leptin (L) or not (C). After 3 hours of incubation, gene expression was evaluated by real time RT-PCR. Cellular proliferation was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for PCNA. Results. The leptin treatment led to an increase cellular proliferation (C = 21.8 ± 0.5; L = 64.8 ± 0.9; P < 0.0001) and in the expression of Bax (C = 0.4 ± 0.1; L = 0.9 ± 0.2; P < 0.05) while Bcl-2 (C = 19.9 ± 5.6; L = 5.6 ± 1.8; P < 0.05), Bcl-x (C = 0.2 ± 0.06; L = 0.07 ± 0.02; P < 0.05), and aromatase expressions (C = 1.9 ± 0.6; L = 0.4 ± 0.1; P < 0.04) were significantly reduced. Conclusion. Leptin has an important role in maintaining the physiological growth of the prostate since it stimulates both cellular proliferation and apoptosis, with the decrement in the aromatase gene expression

O USO DE ALGAS EM COSMÉTICOS:: UM ESTUDO CIENCIOMÉTRICO

Cosméticos são formulações compostas por produtos naturais ou sintéticos que tem como finalidade, por exemplo, alterar a aparência da pele, proteger, higienizar e odorizar. Os cosméticos que têm como base produtos de origem vegetal são denominados fitocosméticos, com ativos como as algas. As algas são organismos fotossintetizantes e seus extratos vêm da alga pura. As algas possuem diversos benefícios cosméticos como atividade antioxidante, anticelulítica e emoliente. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar e caracterizar a produção cientifica sobre algas para a produção de cosméticos. Para tanto foi feita uma análise cienciométrica de artigos publicados na base de dados Web of Science entre os anos de 1995 e 2017 com os termos alga e cosmético. Foram analisadas as tendências temporais das publicações, os principais objetivos dos trabalhos, os autores e países que mais contribuíram com essa área do conhecimento. Observou-se um grande aumento de publicações científicas ao longo dos anos. A maioria das publicações se concentraram na área de biotecnologia aplicada a microbiologia. Dentre as indicações de uso a de maior destaque foram como antioxidantes, fotoprotetores e clareador. Países como EUA, França e Índia foram responsáveis pela maioria dos artigos. Os gêneros de algas mais abordados foram Chlorella, Ulva e Duliella

DEVELOPMENT OF A SOFTWARE PROTOTYPE BASED ON THE HEALTH BOOKLET OF THE ELDERLY PERSON

Objective: to describe the development of a software prototype based on the Health Booklet for the Elderly, using Heuristic Evaluation to analyze its usability.Method: applied technological development research, using Nielsen's Heuristic Evaluation as a way of carrying out usability analysis, which began in November 2021 in Juiz de Fora and São João Del Rei.Results: the initial prototype has 5 screens, which contain some relevant data for the health care of the elderly, such as age, comorbidities, and history of allergies. The elderly will be able to edit their personal data, but only professionals will be able to include the patient's health data, with the aim of making it more reliable. Conclusion: The use of this application will help to update and advance the use of technologies aimed at health care and will bring benefits to health systems and users

DESARROLLO DE UN PROTOTIPO DE SOFTWARE BASADO EN LA CARTILLA DE SALUD DE LA PERSONA MAYOR

Objetivo: describir el desarrollo de un prototipo de software basado en la Cartilla de Salud de la Persona Mayor, utilizando la Evaluación Heurística para analizar su usabilidad.  Método: investigación aplicada de desarrollo tecnológico, utilizando la Evaluación Heurística de Nielsen como medio para realizar el análisis de usabilidad, iniciada en noviembre de 2021 en Juiz de Fora y São João Del Rei. Resultados: el prototipo inicial cuenta con 5 pantallas, que contienen algunos datos relevantes para el cuidado de la salud de las personas mayores, como la edad, las comorbilidades y el historial de alergias. Los ancianos podrán editar sus datos personales, pero sólo los profesionales podrán incluir los datos de salud del paciente, con el objetivo de hacerlo más fiable. Conclusión: El uso de esta aplicación contribuirá a actualizar y avanzar en el uso de las tecnologías destinadas a la atención sanitaria, y aportará beneficios a los sistemas de salud y a los usuarios

Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children - present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), DSM-5 update : translation into Brazilian Portuguese

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Angina bullosa haemorrhagica:a 14-year multi-institutional retrospective study from Brazil and literature review

Angina bullosa haemorrhagica (ABH) is characterized by the recurrent appearance of blood blisters on the oral mucosa, mainly in adults' soft palate. In general, the blisters rupture spontaneously, lacking the necessity for biopsy. We report the clinical features of 23 ABH cases, emphasizing the clinical behavior and the management of these conditions. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 12,727 clinical records of oral and maxillofacial lesions from four dental services in Brazil were analyzed. Clinical data were collected from the clinical records and evaluated. The series comprised 12 males (52.2%) and 11 females (47.8%), with a mean age of 56.8?±?14.6?years (ranging: 24-82?years) and a 1.1:1 male-to-female ratio. Most of the lesions affected the soft palate (n = 15, 65.2%). Clinically, the lesions presented mainly as an asymptomatic (n = 17, 73.9%) blood-filled blister that ruptured after a few minutes or hours, leaving an erosion. The masticatory trauma was the most frequent triggering event. No patient had coagulation disorders. A biopsy was performed in only four cases (17.4%). Treatment was symptomatic with a favorable outcome. ABH is still poorly documented in the literature, and its etiology remains uncertain. ABH mainly affects the soft palate of elderly adults and has a favorable evolution in a few days. The therapeutic approach is often focused only on the relief of symptoms. However, it can share some clinical features with more serious diseases. Therefore, clinicians must recognize these lesions to avoid misdiagnosis