Turismo para discapacitados en el Perú

Hablar sobre Turismo para Discapacitados en el ámbito mundial no es una novedad, los principales países emisores como Estados Unidos, Japón. Italia, Alemania, Reino Unido, etc., ya han tomado ventaja de ello y han acondicionado su infraestructura para albergar este tipo de turista cuyo segmento de mercado al que pertenece crece progresivamente. En Latinoamérica, México viene realizando cambios en su infraestructura y tomando ventaja con respecto al resto de países de la región, Argentina también se está sumando a esta corriente, Perú debería unirse por las ventajas turísticas que posee, las cuales son factibles de emplear. Los esfuerzos institucionales {público y privado) en el país por mejorar la atención del segmento de discapacitados son encomiables, ahora debemos ver el sector desde un punto de vista distinto, enfatizado a contar con servicios e infraestructura adecuados y un tratamiento al discapacitado como el de un turista cuyo potencial económico es en la mayoría de casos superior al del turista normal o tradicional. Por lo mencionado, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal el de evaluar las condiciones existentes del Turismo para Discapacitados en el Perú, estableciendo la importancia de su desarrollo y formulando una propuesta cuya aplicación se oriente a mejorar las condiciones de los servicios demandados por este segmento de mercado, mostrando que el Perú tiene posibilidades de acogerlos eficientemente. Deseo mencionar finalmente, que los resultados de está investigación indican que las condiciones existentes son factibles de ser acondicionadas para la eficiente atención de este segmento, mostrando que mientras mejor preparados estemos ofreciendo servicios de nivel internacional, nuestra imagen como potencial país turístico será más apreciada y podrían crearse nuevas alternativas de negocios en este sector.Tesi

Turismo para discapacitados en el Perú

Hablar sobre Turismo para Discapacitados en el ámbito mundial no es una novedad, los principales países emisores como Estados Unidos, Japón. Italia, Alemania, Reino Unido, etc., ya han tomado ventaja de ello y han acondicionado su infraestructura para albergar este tipo de turista cuyo segmento de mercado al que pertenece crece progresivamente. En Latinoamérica, México viene realizando cambios en su infraestructura y tomando ventaja con respecto al resto de países de la región, Argentina también se está sumando a esta corriente, Perú debería unirse por las ventajas turísticas que posee, las cuales son factibles de emplear. Los esfuerzos institucionales {público y privado) en el país por mejorar la atención del segmento de discapacitados son encomiables, ahora debemos ver el sector desde un punto de vista distinto, enfatizado a contar con servicios e infraestructura adecuados y un tratamiento al discapacitado como el de un turista cuyo potencial económico es en la mayoría de casos superior al del turista normal o tradicional. Por lo mencionado, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal el de evaluar las condiciones existentes del Turismo para Discapacitados en el Perú, estableciendo la importancia de su desarrollo y formulando una propuesta cuya aplicación se oriente a mejorar las condiciones de los servicios demandados por este segmento de mercado, mostrando que el Perú tiene posibilidades de acogerlos eficientemente. Deseo mencionar finalmente, que los resultados de está investigación indican que las condiciones existentes son factibles de ser acondicionadas para la eficiente atención de este segmento, mostrando que mientras mejor preparados estemos ofreciendo servicios de nivel internacional, nuestra imagen como potencial país turístico será más apreciada y podrían crearse nuevas alternativas de negocios en este sector

Agave sisalana extract induces cell death in Aedes aegypti hemocytes increasing nitric oxide production

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Agave sisalana (A. sisalana) extract on Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) primary cell culture.MethodsCells of Ae. aegypti were exposed to different concentrations of A. sisalana crude extract (0.18–6.00 mg/mL) for 24 h. Then, the cells were labeled with propidium iodide and subjected to fluorescence microscopy to verify cell viability. In addition, nitric oxide production was measured.ResultsResults showed that cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of the crude extract presented a greater percentage of death when compared to control (73.8% ± 9.6% vs. 34.6% ± 9.6%). Furthermore, there was an increase in the nitric oxide production in cells exposed to 6 mg/mL of A. sisalana crude extract [(0.81 ± 0.08) μmol/L] compared to control group [(0.41 ± 0.18) μmol/L].ConclusionsThe results show that A. sisalana is cytotoxic to Ae. aegypti and may be used as raw material for new eco-friendly and inexpensive insecticides, since sisal industry discards the liquid waste for the extraction of plant fiber

Factibilidad de la utilización de la inteligencia artificial para el cribado de pacientes con COVID-19 en Paraguay

Objective. Study the feasibility of using artificial intelligence as a sensitive and specific method for COVID-19 screening in patients with respiratory conditions, using chest CT scan images and a telemedicine platform. Methods. From March 2020 to June 2021, the authors conducted an observational descriptive multicenter feasibility study based on artificial intelligence (AI) for COVID-19 screening using chest images of patients with respiratory conditions who presented at public hospitals. The AI platform was used to diagnose chest CT scan images; this was then compared with molecular diagnosis (RT-PCR) to determine whether they matched and to analyze the feasibility of AI for screening patients with suspected COVID-19. A telemedicine platform was used to send images and diagnostic results. Results. Screening of 3 514 patients with a suspected COVID-19 diagnosis was performed in 14 hospitals around the country. Most patients were aged 27 to 59 years, followed by those over 60. The average age was 48.6 years; 52.8% were male. The most frequent findings were severe pneumonia, bilateral pneumonia with pleural effusion, bilateral pulmonary emphysema, and diffuse ground glass opacity, among others. There was an average of 93% matching and 7% mismatching between images analyzed by AI and RT-PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of the AI system, obtained by comparing AI and RT-PCR screening results, were 93% and 80% respectively. Conclusions. The use of sensitive and specific AI for stratified rapid detection of COVID-19 in patients with respiratory conditions by using chest CT scan images and a telemedicine platform in public hospitals in Paraguay is feasible

In vitro genotoxic effect of secondary minerals crystallized in rocks from coal mine drainage

Coal processing generates a large volume of waste that can damage human health and the environment. Often these wastes produce acid drainage in which several minerals are crystallized (evaporites). This study aimed to identify secondary minerals, as well as the genotoxic potential of these materials. The samples were collected at two sites along the Rocinha River in Santa Catarina state (Brazil): (1) directly from the source of the acid drainage (evaporite 1), and (2) on the river bank (evaporite 2). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and by particle-induced X-ray emission techniques. In vitro genotoxicity testing using Comet assay and Micronucleus test in V79 cells was used to evaluate evaporite samples. Our study also used System Biology tools to provide insight regarding the influence of this exposure on DNA damage in cells. The results showed that the samples induced DNA damage for both evaporites that can be explained by high concentrations of chromium, iron, nickel, copper and zinc in these materials. Thus, this study is very important due to the dearth of knowledge regarding the toxicity of evaporites in the environment. The genetic toxicity of this material can be induced by increased oxidative stress and DNA repair inhibition

Hematological, biochemical and ruminant parameters for diagnosis of left displacement of the abomasum in dairy cows from Southern Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar indicadores hematológicos, bioquímicos e ruminais no diagnóstico e tratamento do deslocamento de abomaso à esquerda (DAE) em vacas leiteiras, na Região do Planalto do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras de líquido ruminal, sangue e urina de 40 animais, dos quais 20 vacas com DAE e 20 vacas clinicamente sadias utilizadas como grupo controle. Os animais com DAE, quando comparados ao grupo controle, apresentaram diminuição da produção de leite diária, do peso corporal e do escore condição corporal. A utilização de fitas reagentes para medição do pH ruminal demonstrou-se eficaz em campo, em comparação ao potenciômetro digital. A dinâmica ruminal apresentou-se prejudicada nos animais com DAE, o que foi evidenciado pelos valores aumentados do tempo de redução de azul de metileno. Os valores séricos de lactato, beta-hidroxibutirato, uréia, albumina, ácidos graxos livres e colesterol apresentam-se como ferramentas auxiliares na caracterização da doença.The objective of this work was to evaluate hematological, biochemical and ruminant parameters for diagnosis and treatment of the left displaced abomasum (LDA) in dairy cows, in the Plateau Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Ruminant fluid, blood and urine samples were collected from 20 cows suffering LDA and from 20 healthy cows (control). The cows with LDA showed lower values of daily milk production, body weight and corporal condition score. The use of pH reagent strips showed to be functional in the field, when compared to a digital pH meter. Ruminant dynamics was damaged in cows affected by LDA, as it was evidenced by the higher reduction time of methylene blue. Serum values of lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, urea, albumin, free fatty acids and cholesterol shows to be auxiliary tools in the LDA characterization

Is the WHO End TB Strategy at Risk?

Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Souza, Paz, Sales, Jesus, Tavares, Lima, Sousa, Melo, Carmo, Souza and Bezerra-Santos.Background: In 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the “post-2015 End TB strategy”, that aims to end the global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted global public health and the strict measures to control the coronavirus spread can affect the management of other diseases, such as TB. Herein, we aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of TB in Brazil, during 2020. Methods: We carried out an ecological and population-based study, using spatial analysis techniques. The variables used were the new cases of TB, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and also baciloscopy-positive (BP) cases in Brazil between 2015 and 2020. The percentage of changes (% change) was calculated to verify if there was an increase or decrease of TB cases in 2020, along with time trend analyses given by Joinpoint regression model. Also, interrupted time series analyses were used to assess the trend of TB diagnosis before and after the onset of the COVID-19 in Brazil. Spatial distribution maps were elaborated, considering the % change of each Brazilian state. Findings: Data analyses showed a reduction in the diagnosis of TB (−8.3%) and PTB (−8.1%) in Brazil after the irruption of the COVID-19 pandemic. Likewise, 22 states depicted a reduction in TB diagnosis. An expressive reduction of BP cases (−17.1%) was also observed. Interestingly, interrupted time series analysis showed decline in TB and PTB diagnoses from March 2020. Spatial analyses revealed that all states had a progressive reduction of TB, PTB and PB cases, from March on, with the highest percentages of reduction in December (−100% to −75%). Interpretation: Taken together, our analyses demonstrated a reduction in TB diagnosis after the irruption of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and its regions, signaling a serious impact on the WHO “End TB Strategy” global plan.publishersversionpublishe

Cashew nut roasting: chemical characterization of particulate matter\ud and genotocixity analysis

Background: Particulate matter (PM) potentially harmful to health and related to genotoxic events, an increase in the number of hospitalizations and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.\ud The present study conducted the first characterization of elemental composition and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) analysis of PM, as well as the biomonitoring of genotoxic activity associated to artesanal cashew nut roasting, an importante economic and social activity worldwide.\ud Methods: The levels of PM2.5 and black carbon were also measured by gravimetric analysis and light reflectance. The elementa lcomposition was determined using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and PAH analysis was carried out by gás chromatography–mass spectrometry. Genotoxic activity was measured by the Tradescantia pallida micronucleus bioassay (Trad-MCN).Other biomarkers of DNA damage, such as núcleoplasmic bridges and nuclear fragments, were also quantified. Results: The mean amount of PM2.5 accumulated in the filters (January 2124.2 mg/m3; May 1022.2 mg/m3;\ud September 1291.9 mg/m3), black carbon(January 363.6 mg/m3; May70 mg/m3; September 69.4 mg/m3) and concentrations of Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca ,Ti,Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Br and Pb were significantly higher than the non-exposed area. Biomass burning tracers K,Cl, and S were the major inorganic compounds found. Benzo[k]fluoranthene, indene[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, benzo[ghi]perylene, phenanthrene and benzo[b]fluor-\ud anthene were the most abundant PAHs. Mean benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent carcinogenic power values showed a significant câncer risk. The Trad-MCN bioassay revealed an increase in micronucleus frequency, 2–7 times higher than the negative control and significantly higher in all the months analyzed, possibly related to the mutagenic PAHs found.\ud Conclusions: This study demonstrated that artesanal cashew nut roasting is a serious occupational problem, with harmful effects on workers' health. Those involved in this activity are exposed to higher PM2.5 concentrations and to 12 PAHs considered potentially mutagenic and/or carcinogenic. The Trad-MCN with T. pallida was sensitive and efficient in evaluating the genotoxicity of the components and other nuclear alterations may be used as effective biomarkers of DNA damage.CNPq - 555223/2006-