Inductive Sensor for measuring partial discharges in electrical machines

The research group 'Diagnosis of Electrical Machines and Insulation Materials (DIAMAT) of the University Carlos III of Madrid, has developed an inductive sensor that can detect and measure partial discharge that are characteristic in electrical machines (its analysis allows to estimate the aging degree of the internal insulation)

Hidatidosis: Manejo perioperatorio y revisión de la bibliografía. A propósito de un caso.

A case of hydatidosis with ruptured liver cysts is presented, received and treated at the Prince of Asturias University Hospital. The case presented the typical complications derived from the surgical treatment of the disease. A literature review is carried out to review the treatments for this pathology and their complications.Se presenta un caso de hidatidosis con quistes hepáticos rotos, recibido y tratado en el Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias. El caso presentó las complicaciones típicas derivadas del tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad. Se realiza una revisión de la bibliografía para repasar los tratamientos de esta patología y las complicaciones de los mismos.

Cambios fisiológicos en el embarazo y sus implicaciones anestésicas: Esquema

The need of both urgent and non-delayable elective surgery can emerge at any moment during pregnancy. In these cases, such interventions require a considerable effort and an added stress for the Anesthesiology specialist, who must thoroughly monitor and take care of not one, but two lives (that of the mother and of the fetus) with many particularities. Moreover, gestation, as well as labor and delivery, involve a series of physiological changes in the pregnant woman, that modify the organism´s response to anesthetic drugs and therefore imply changes in the handling of such drugs. The aim of this article is to summarize the main changes associated with pregnancy and their subsequent implications, in order to offer a global vision on the anesthetic management of pregnant women during both non-obstetric surgery and delivery.Las necesidades tanto de una cirugía urgente como de una cirugía electiva no demorable pueden surgir en cualquier momento de un embarazo. En estos casos se trata muchas veces de intervenciones que suponen un esfuerzo y un estrés añadido para los especialistas en Anestesiología que tienen que monitorizar y responder por dos pacientes complejos (la madre y el feto), con muchas particularidades.  La gestación, así como el trabajo de parto y el parto, conllevan una serie de cambios fisiológicos en la embarazada que modifican la respuesta del organismo a los fármacos anestésicos e implican por tanto modificaciones en su manejo.  El objetivo de este articulo es resumir los principales cambios y sus implicaciones anestésicas, para obtener una idea global de la paciente gestante tanto en cirugía no obstétrica como durante el trabajo de parto.    

Sensor inductivo para la medida de descargas parciales en máquinas eléctricas

El grupo de investigación “Diagnóstico de Máquinas Eléctricas y Materiales Aislantes (DIAMAT)” de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, ha desarrollado un sensor inductivo que permite detectar y medir las descargas parciales características en máquinas eléctricas (cuyo análisis permite estimar el grado de envejecimiento del aislamiento interno)

Frequency domain modelling of random wound motor windings for insulation stress analysis

The use of conventional low voltage induction motors fed by pulse width modulated (PWM) inverters has begun to present important problems. These waveforms consist of steep-fronted pulses having very short rise times (about 100 ns in modern IGBT bridges) and high frequency repetition rates (up to 20 kHz) whose immediate consequences are additional electrical stresses in an induction motorrsquos insulation system. In this paper a frequency domain model for the analysis and characterization of the internal voltage distribution in random wound coils is presented. The model allows voltage prediction in time domain when an inverse fast Fourier transform (FFT) transformation is performed, and requires only a few frequency domain impedance measurements. This methodology will be useful for accurately predicting the voltage distribution in motor windings during the design stage, and reducing the risk of premature failure in motor insulation. Experimental and theoretical results are presented and compared and model effectiveness using different approximations is studied.This research has been suported by the Spanish Science and Technology Ministry under contract MAT 2002 03210, and the Madrid Regional Government under the Initiative for Regional R&D Laboratoy Network

Rehabilitación en Dientes Tratados Endodónticamente : Scoping Review

Trabajo de titulación (Cirujano Dentista, Licenciado en Odontología)Con el paso de los años en la Odontología, la rehabilitación de dientes tratados endodónticamente ha sido un procedimiento en constante cambio. Gran cantidad de materiales en combinación con distintas técnicas rehabilitadoras se han utilizado con el objetivo de restaurar el tejido dental dañado, buscando obtener un resultado lo más parecido tanto estética como biomecánicamente a un diente indemne y, en consecuencia, poder aspirar a tener el mejor pronóstico posible en el tiempo. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los distintos factores a considerar a la hora de rehabilitar un diente tratado endodónticamente, basado en la evidencia científica reciente. Materiales y métodos: Para esta revisión sistemática exploratoria, los artículos relevantes sobre el tema de interés publicados en los últimos 5 años se obtuvieron de 2 bases de datos: PubMed y EBSCOhost. Resultados: Luego de la búsqueda inicial, se identificaron 2.420 referencias de las diferentes bases de datos mencionadas. 401 artículos resultaron elegibles de los cuales 371 fueron excluidos. Finalmente se obtuvieron 30 estudios para ser evaluados en esta revisión. Los factores identificados fueron los cambios estructurales del DTE, la importancia del tipo de diente a tratar y opciones de rehabilitación disponibles en la actualidad en relación al tratamiento de estos casos. Conclusión: La evidencia actual revela que es fundamental conocer las propiedades biomecánicas de un DTE, las distintas líneas de tratamiento existentes y las características de los materiales disponibles si lo que buscamos es el éxito rehabilitador en el tiempo. Sin embargo, toda la evidencia recopilada no es suficiente aún para permitir establecer un protocolo clínico “universal” que garantice una rehabilitación exitosa a largo plazo.Over the years in Dentistry, the rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth has been a constantly changing procedure. A large number of materials in combination with different rehabilitative techniques have been used with the aim of restoring damaged dental tissue, seeking to obtain a result that is as close as possible both aesthetically and biomechanically to an undamaged tooth and consequently, to be able to aspire to have the best possible prognosis in the time. The objective of this study is to analyze the different factors to consider when rehabilitating an endodontically treated tooth, based on recent scientific evidence. Material and methods: For this exploratory systematic review, the relevant articles on the topic of interest published in the last 5 years were obtained from 2 databases: PubMed and EBSCOhost. Results: After the initial search, 2,420 references were identified from the different databases mentioned. 401 articles were eligible, of which 371 were excluded. Finally, 30 studies were obtained to be evaluated in this review. The factors identified were the structural changes of the ETT, the importance of the type of tooth to be treated, and currently available rehabilitation options in relation to the treatment of these cases. Conclusion: Current evidence reveals that it is essential to know the biomechanical properties of a ETT, the different existing treatment lines and the characteristics of the available materials if what we are looking for is rehabilitation success over time. However, all the evidence collected is still not sufficient to allow a “universal” clinical protocol to be established that guarantees successful long-term rehabilitation

High ampacity carbon nanotube materials

This article belongs to the Special Issue The Synthesis and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes.Constant evolution of technology is leading to the improvement of electronical devices. Smaller, lighter, faster, are but a few of the properties that have been constantly improved, but these developments come hand in hand with negative downsides. In the case of miniaturization, this shortcoming is found in the inherent property of conducting materials-the limit of current density they can withstand before failure. This property, known as ampacity, is close to reaching its limits at the current scales of use, and the performances of some conductors such as gold or copper suffer severely from it. The need to find alternative conductors with higher ampacity is, therefore, an urgent need, but at the same time, one which requires simultaneous search for decreased density if it is to succeed in an ever-growing electronical world. The uses of these carbon nanotube-based materials, from airplane lightning strike protection systems to the microchip industry, will be evaluated, failure mechanisms at maximum current densities explained, limitations and difficulties in ampacity measurements with different size ranges evaluated, and future lines of research suggested. This review will therefore provide an in-depth view of the rare properties that make carbon nanotubes and their hybrids unique.This research was funded by Airbus and the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under grant MAT2014-57557-R

Advanced Self-Healing Asphalt Composites in the Pavement Performance Field: Mechanisms at the Nano Level and New Repairing Methodologies

In an effort to give a global view of this field of research, in this mini-review we highlight the most recent publications and patents focusing on modified asphalt pavements that contain certain reinforcing nanoparticles which impart desirable thermal, electrical and mechanical properties. In response to the increasing cost of asphalt binder and road maintenance, there is a need to look for alternative technologies and new asphalt composites, able to self-repair, for preserving and renewing the existing pavements. First, we will focus on the self-healing property of asphalt, the evidences that support that healing takes place immediately after the contact between the faces of a crack, and how the amount of healing can be measured in both the laboratory and the field. Next we review the hypothetical mechanisms of healing to understand the material behaviour and establish models to quantify the damage-healing process. Thereafter, we outline different technologies, nanotechnologies and methodologies used for self-healing paying particular attention to embedded micro-capsules, new nano-materials like carbon nanotubes and nano-fibres, ionomers, and microwave and induction heating processes.Authors wish to thank Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación for grants IPT-2011-1359-420000 and MAT2010-17091

La educación en tiempos de pandemia : una situación excepcional y cambiante

Fac. de Ciencias Políticas y SociologíaTRUEpu

Inductively coupled probe for the measurement of partial discharges

Partial discharges are a transient phenomena whose measurement is remarkably important for electrical equipment diagnosis and maintenance. These discharges appear in the measurement circuit as very narrow current pulses of some nanoseconds. Therefore, discharge pulse detection is a particularly difficult problem, especially because they are superposed on the high voltage waveforms that cause them. In this paper, we present an inductively coupled probe able to measure this physical phenomenon by means of a very simple and inexpensive device that can be installed. in the equipment under test. After modeling the probe, its response will be compared to that of commercial devices using both calibrated discharges and partial discharges occurring at real powerThis research has been supported by the Spanish Science and Technology Ministry DPI 2006-15625-C03-02