Release profile of ibuprofen in β-cyclodextrin complexes from two different solid dosage forms

The objective of this work was to develop solid dosage forms using powders containing inclusion complexes (ibuprofen with β-cyclodextrin) which were used to produce tablets (direct compression without additional excipients) and pellets (extrusion/spheronization) from wet mass containing 40% (w/w) of microcrystalline cellulose. The pellets also demonstrated that during preparation of the wet mass, the inclusion process occurred in a same yield that when pre-complexation was used. The particles characteristics were evaluated after being obtained through different complexation methods. The results showed that the tensile strength and profile dissolution were as expected for both dosage forms. Tablets containing inclusion complexes showed higher solubility when compared with a reference formulation and with two commercial formulations. The ibuprofen released from the two pellets formulations didn’t show relevant differences between them. The drug released was analyzed considering different dissolution parameters. The advantages of these new methodologies can be summarized as: (a) tablets were produced at a lower cost for the total process; and (b) in the pellet´s preparation there was no need of the previous complexation method resulting in a decrease in time and energy required

Rheo-NMR velocimetry characterisation of PBLG/m-cresol

NMR spectroscopy was used to characterise the velocity profile in nematic solutions of poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) in m-cresol during the application of a simple shear-flow at constant shear-rate values. In this study, the rheo-NMR technique was used that allows an insight over the fluid dynamics during the application of a shear flow in the presence of an external magnetic field, in a perpendicular direction to the shear gradient. Using this Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) based technique, the velocity profile developed inside the system is accessed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ÍNDICES ESPACIAIS DA ARBORIZAÇÃO NA CIDADE DE ALTAMIRA – PARÁ

O processo de urbanização afeta o equilíbrio ambiental e social ocasionando a perda da qualidade de vida da população. A arborização urbana entra com a possibilidade de favorecer o equilíbrio entre a cidade e o meio natural oferecendo inúmeros serviços ambientais para maior qualidade de vida aos munícipes. Este estudo foi realizado na cidade de Altamira, com o objetivo de avaliar e registrar a distribuição espacial arbórea, no ano de 2021, por meio das geotecnologias. A análise de dados foi realizada utilizandoo software QGIS 3.24.1, o mapeamento das árvores foi feito a partir da vetorização manual de polígonos e a análise da distribuição espacial utilizou a densidade Kernel. Para as estimativas foram utilizados parâmetros ambientais, como: Índices de Cobertura Vegetal (ICV) e Percentual de Cobertura Vegetal (PCV); foi observado que a distribuição arbórea de Altamira é muito variável e escassa, os bairros centraisque são os mais consolidados apresentaram densidade maior de indivíduos em relação aos periféricos. O PCV foi de 0,49% e ICVH de 1,72 m² de copa/habitante. Conclui-se que a arborização da cidade de Altamira apresenta -se com baixos índices ambientais, necessitando de investimentos e maior planejamento por parte do poder público, favorecendo assim o acompanhamento dessas áreas para políticas públicas futuras.Palavras-Chave:Arborização Urbana; Sensoriamento remoto; Índices Ambientais

Fresh-cut melon quality during storage: an NMR study of water transverse relaxation time

Molecular mobility is a fundamental parameter which reflects the dynamic properties of food components and contributes to food degradation reactions comprehension. Fresh-cut fruits have become an important food market segment. However, processing of fruits promotes faster its physiological deterioration, biochemical changes and microbial degradation. The purpose of this work was to use NMR methodology as a tool to evaluate fresh-cut fruit quality, during storage at refrigerated conditions. The fresh-cut melon transverse relaxation time (T2) was measured for a period of 7 days of storage at 5 °C. The relationship between the obtained values, microstructure and quality parameters was investigated. In general, results show the existence of one class of water fluidity in the system, the one present in cells after processing. T2, a measure of this fluidity, is affected by the processing and storage time. Also, it is possible to find a close relationships between T2 and quality parameters of total colour difference (TCD), firmness and aw. As T2 increases TCD also increases, while firmness and aw decrease. These results highlight the usefulness of NMR methodology application in food science.Author Joana F. Fundo acknowledges Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (grant SFRH/BD/62176/2009). The authors acknowledge the Portuguese NMR Network and Strategic Project PEst-C/CTM/LA0025/2013-14. This work was supported by National Funds from FCT through project PEst-OE/EQB/LA0016/201

Molecular mobility, composition and structure analysis in glycerol plasticised chitosan films

This study was developed with the purpose to investigate the effect of polysaccharide/plasticiser concentration on the microstructure and molecular dynamics of polymeric film systems, using transmission electron microscope imaging (TEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Experiments were carried out in chitosan/glycerol films prepared with solutions of different composition. The films obtained after drying and equilibration were characterised in terms of composition, thickness and water activity. Results show that glycerol quantities used in film forming solutions were responsible for films composition; while polymer/total plasticiser ratio in the solution determined the thickness (and thus structure) of the films. These results were confirmed by TEM. \NMR\ allowed understanding the films molecular rearrangement. Two different behaviours for the two components analysed, water and glycerol were observed: the first is predominantly moving free in the matrix, while glycerol is mainly bounded to the chitosan chain.Authors Joana F. Fundo and Mafalda A.C. Quintas acknowledge Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (grants SFRH/BD/62176/2009 and SFRH/BPD/41715/2007, respectively), and Portuguese NMR Network

Water-Based Cellulose Liquid Crystal System Investigated by Rheo-NMR

Water-based cellulose cholesteric liquid crystalline phases at rest can undergo structural changes induced by shear flow. This reflects on the deuterium spectra recorded when the system is investigated by rheo-nuclear magnetic resonance (rheo-NMR) techniques. In this work, the model system hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC)+water is revisited using rheo-NMR to clarify unsettled points regarding its behavior under shear and in relaxation. The NMR spectra allow the identification of five different stable ordering states, within shear and relaxation, which are well integrated in a mesoscopic picture of the system's structural evolution under shear and relaxation. This picture emerging from the large body of studies available for this system by other experimental techniques, accounts well for the NMR data and is in good agreement with the three distinct regions of steady shear flow recognized for some lyotropic LC polymers. Shear rates in between 0.1 and 1.0 s(-1) where investigated using a Taylor-Couette flow and deuterated water was used as solvent for the deuterium NMR (DNMR) analysis

Fresh-cut pear quality during storage : a NMR study of water transverse relaxation time

Fresh-cut fruits have become an important food market segment due to increasing demand for fresh, healthy and convenient foods. However, processing fruits promotes a decrease in its stability with a faster physiological deterioration, biochemical changes and microbial degradation. Recently, food stability is strongly attributed to molecular dynamics and “water availability”. Understanding cooperatively changes in location and mobility of water is particularly important, considering that water dynamics profoundly influences physico-chemical and microbiological quality of foods. The aim of this study was to use nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) as a tool to evaluate storage fresh-cut fruit quality. Recently, NMR has evolved to become a powerful methodology to probe the molecular dynamics of food constituents, which in turns is a fundamental parameter to determine the dynamic properties of food components and contributes to food degradation reactions comprehension. In this work fresh-cut pear transverse relaxation time (T2) was measured for a period of 7 days of storage at 5 °C. The relationship between the obtained values, microstructure and quality parameters was investigated. In general, results show the existence of one class of water fluidity in the system, the one present in cells after processing. T2, a measure of this fluidity, is affected by the processing and storage time. Also, it is possible to find a relationships between T2 and the quality parameters: total colour difference (TCD), firmness and aw. T2 increases with aw, while it decreases with TCD and firmness. These results highlight the usefulness of NMR methodology application in food science

A NMR contribute to understand fresh-cut melon behaviour during storage

Authors Joana F. Fundo acknowledges Fundacão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia grant SFRH/BD/62176/2009. This work was supported by NaJonal Funds from FCT through project PEst-OE/EQB/LA0016/2011.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PROJETO DE MONITORIA DE LABORATÓRIO: DISCIPLINA MINERALOGIA MICROSCÓPICA

O desenvolvimento do trabalho se deu por meio do Programa de Monitoria de Laboratório, edital 15/2017 da PROEG/Unifesspa que envolve atividades de ensino em Laboratórios, desenvolvidas pelos alunos de graduação em conjunto com professores responsáveis pela disciplina. O Plano de trabalho “Monitoria de Laboratório – Disciplina Mineralogia Microscópica”, foi executado no 4º período de 2017 à turma Geologia 2016. A disciplina Mineralogia Microscópica (GE07026) possui uma extensa carga horária (85h) e o laboratório de Petrografia possui 10 microscópios para atender turmas acima de 20 alunos. Por isso, faz-se necessário dividir as turmas e a presença dos monitores é indispensável , assim como a divisão de turma, pois facilita o aprendizado de propriedades óticas. Além disso, geralmente a disciplina tem índice de reprovação de 20%. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho se deu no sentido de auxiliar o professor na orientação de alunos, esclarecendo e tirando dúvidas em atividades de classe e/ou laboratório, bem como melhorar os indicadores de ensino-aprendizagem e identificar, em conjunto com o professor orientador, as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos alunos da disciplina; coordenar grupos de trabalho ou estudo, tendo em vista a orientação da aprendizagem dos alunos da turma

A adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral de pacientes com síndrome lipodistrófica associada ao HIV em um hospital amazônico / Adherence to antiretroviral treatment for patients with lipodistrophic syndrome associated with HIV in an amazon hospital

Introdução: A síndrome lipodistrófica em HIV é caracterizada por alterações na distribuição da gordura corporal e as mudanças metabólicas caracterizada pelo o aumento sérico dos lipídeos; pela resistência periférica à insulina, a qual resulta em Diabetes Mellitus. Essas alterações estão relacionadas à TARV – terapia antirretroviral, à infecção crônica provocada pelo HIV, a fatores genéticos e aos hábitos de vida do portador. Metodologia: A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevista aos pacientes portadores da síndrome lipodistrófica associada a HIV/AIDS nas faixas etárias acima de 18 anos, que concordarem em participar da pesquisa. Os questionários aplicados foram: um questionário de caracterização dos adultos com HIV/AIDS e para a adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral será utilizado o “questionário para a avaliação da adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral em pessoas com HIV/AIDS” (CEAT – HIV), desenvolvido por Remor (2002) e validado para a versão brasileira por Remor, Milner-Moskovics e Preussler (2007). Resultados: A maioria dos entrevistados eram do sexo masculino (66%), com faixa de idade compreendida entre 29 e 73 anos, quanto ao grau de instrução, 44% possuía o ensino médio completo. Eram predominantemente de nível socioeconômico baixo, ou seja, com renda familiar em torno de 1 a 3 salários mínimos (88%). Quanto ao estado civil, apenas 14% eram casados. Dentre os entrevistados, 17 (34%) tiveram escore final para estritamente aderente ao tratamento, 23 (46%) com boa adesão ao tratamento e apenas 10 (20%) eram pouco aderentes ao tratamento. Discussão: A partir das respostas ao questionário CEAT-VIH, os pacientes dessa pesquisa obtiveram uma pontuação média de 76,6 pontos, com desvio-padrão de 6,05 indicando estarem aderentes ao tratamento. Observou-se que 100% dos entrevistados tomam a medicação no horário certo, portanto 96% se sentem cumpridores do tratamento.  28% já passaram um dia sem tomar a medicação. 0 % perceberam piora do quadro clinico e deixaram de tomar a medicação. Conclusão: A pesquisa tem implicações para a prática profissional, com a constatação da importância de observar, melhorar e intervir para que possam ser atendidas as demandas dos usuários dos serviços, visando a encaminhar ações direcionadas para a sua resolubilidade e fortalecimento do vínculo do paciente com a equipe de saúde, assim como orientar a importância de uma boa adesão ao tratamento para a eficácia do mesmo. Descritores: Síndrome Lipodistrófica, AIDS, Adesão ao tratamento.