Common bean keepers and cultivar diversity at Terra Indigena do Guarita Indian reserve in Brasil.

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Efeito bioeconômico de níveis de concentrado no confinamento de novilhos.

O confinamento e uma atividade que possibilita o abate de animais jovens e bem acabados, proporcionando, em geral, carcaças e carne de melhor qualidade. Considerando-se que, no Brasil, ainda não se pratica a adequada remuneração pela qualidade das carcaças e da carne e o concentrado e um dos itens que mais onera os custos operacionais de um confinamento a determinação de um nível ótimo de concentrado, que proporcione uma carcaça com um acabamento mínimo, e uma maneira do produtor conseguir maior produtividade nesta atividade. Foi desenvolvido, no Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Gado de Corte (CNPGC) da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), um experimento com animais da raça Nelore e outro com animais F1 Pardo Suíço-Nelore, visando a determinar-se o ponto ótimo de adição de concentrado, levando-se em conta o desempenho animal, a qualidade das carcaças e o retorno econômico. No experimento com mestiços, observou-se que a conversão alimentar e ganho de peso diário melhoraram com a adição de concentrado, no qual o maior ganho seria ofertando-se concentrado na proporção de 1,65% do peso vivo dos animais. O melhor retorno econômico, entretanto, seria obtido com a oferta de 1% do peso vivo. No experimento com a raça Nelore, o melhor desempenho seria com adição de concentrado na razão de 1% do peso vivo dos animais, enquanto que o retorno financeiro mostrou-se indiferente ao nível de utilização de concentrado. O custo final de todos os tratamentos foi semelhante, pois, quando houve maior custo diário, o tempo de confinamento foi menor, enquanto que quando o gasto diário foi menor o tempo de confinamento foi maior.bitstream/item/104567/1/Efeito-bioeconomico-de-niveis.pd

Effect of prepartum administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate levels in ewes subjected to subclinical ketosis.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o efeito da rbST pré-parto no perfil de plasma BHB de ovelhas gestantes submetidas a cetose subclínica

Optimization of Laccase Production, and Characterization of Lignin Degradation Products by Fusarium oxysporum JUMAD-053

The objective of this work was to optimize the culture conditions for laccase production in the presence of Kraft lignin by Fusarium oxysporum JUMAD-053, and to evaluate the biodegradation products of lignin. The fungal isolate that presented highest laccase activity had its production optimized by a statistical factorial design 33 in 15 experimental runs. F. oxysporum presented the highest constitutive laccase titer (5.37 U/mL). Statistical factorial design demonstrated a maximum laccase titer of 9.8 U/mL when assayed against ABTS under the conditions optimized: 1.125% (w/v) yeast extract, 0.5% (w/v) Kraft lignin and 10 days of cultivation. The maximum laccase titer when assayed on DMP was 8.4 U/mL, following the conditions optimized: 1.125% yeast extract, 0.25% Kraft lignin and 7 days of cultivation. The analysis of cultures led to identification of metabolites; two being aromatic: 2,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid and sesamin; also, fumonisin and long-chain fatty acids. As a result of the study, the maximum laccase activities of 9.8 and 8.4 U/mL measured from ABTS and DMP substrates, respectively. The search shows new sources of fungal laccase for obtaining new metabolites of biodegradation from Kraft lignin in culture medium. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i5.162

Multicentric Genome-Wide Association Study for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Despite elevated incidence and recurrence rates for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP), little is known about its etiology, and the genetics of idiopathic PSP remains unexplored. To identify genetic variants contributing to sporadic PSP risk, we conducted the first PSP genome-wide association study. Two replicate pools of 92 Portuguese PSP cases and of 129 age- and sex-matched controls were allelotyped in triplicate on the Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0 arrays. Markers passing quality control were ranked by relative allele score difference between cases and controls (|RASdiff|), by a novel cluster method and by a combined Z-test. 101 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected using these three approaches for technical validation by individual genotyping in the discovery dataset. 87 out of 94 successfully tested SNPs were nominally associated in the discovery dataset. Replication of the 87 technically validated SNPs was then carried out in an independent replication dataset of 100 Portuguese cases and 425 controls. The intergenic rs4733649 SNP in chromosome 8 (between LINC00824 and LINC00977) was associated with PSP in the discovery (P = 4.07E-03, ORC[95% CI] = 1.88[1.22-2.89]), replication (P = 1.50E-02, ORC[95% CI] = 1.50[1.08-2.09]) and combined datasets (P = 8.61E-05, ORC[95% CI] = 1.65[1.29-2.13]). This study identified for the first time one genetic risk factor for sporadic PSP, but future studies are warranted to further confirm this finding in other populations and uncover its functional role in PSP pathogenesis

Agrobiodiversidade indígena: feiras, guardiões e outros movimentos.

Os povos indígenas vivem em mais de 12% do território nacional, em um mosaico de terras tradicionais com dimensões diversas. Totalizam cerca de 230 povos que vivem em milhares de aldeias. Praticam o que se pode chamar de agricultura indígena que envolve sistemas aqrícolas muito específicos, nos quais os recursos genéticos cultivados vêm sendo selecionados e adaptados há gerações, A agricultura indígena é extremamente importante para a conservação in situtolun farm de espécies vegetais

Optimization of Laccase Production, and Characterization of Lignin Degradation Products by Fusarium oxysporum JUMAD-053

The objective of this work was to optimize the culture conditions for laccase production in the presence of Kraft lignin by Fusarium oxysporum JUMAD-053, and to evaluate the biodegradation products of lignin. The fungal isolate that presented highest laccase activity had its production optimized by a statistical factorial design 33 in 15 experimental runs. F. oxysporum presented the highest constitutive laccase titer (5.37 U/mL). Statistical factorial design demonstrated a maximum laccase titer of 9.8 U/mL when assayed against ABTS under the conditions optimized: 1.125% (w/v) yeast extract, 0.5% (w/v) Kraft lignin and 10 days of cultivation. The maximum laccase titer when assayed on DMP was 8.4 U/mL, following the conditions optimized: 1.125% yeast extract, 0.25% Kraft lignin and 7 days of cultivation. The analysis of cultures led to identification of metabolites; two being aromatic: 2,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid and sesamin; also, fumonisin and long-chain fatty acids. As a result of the study, the maximum laccase activities of 9.8 and 8.4 U/mL measured from ABTS and DMP substrates, respectively. The search shows new sources of fungal laccase for obtaining new metabolites of biodegradation from Kraft lignin in culture medium. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i5.162