Hygiene and didactic criteria of adaptation to the initial stage of training in higher education establishments.

Reform of higher education in the conditions of deep social and economic transformations determines both optimizationof professional training and development of functional capacity of the organism for future work. The initial stage of training is of particular importance due to incorporation into a complex new system of educational environment. The aim of the work - to study the characteristics of adaptation process in the first-year students. Functional state of students’ organism was studied by visual-motor response, function of attention, speed, of information processing, tepping-test. This cross-sectional study included 179 first-year medical students. Students with a history of hearing or visual disorder, smoking, alcoholism, cardiovascular and respiratory disease and on medication which affects cognitive performance were excluded from the study. Participation in the test was voluntary and informed written consent was taken from each participant. Academic performance was analyzed. Pearson correlation has been used to find the significance of relationship between the speed of thought processes, function of attention, factor of motometria, volume of visual memory and academic performance. Adaptation of students to training is based on the functional system of  the body. Expressed correlation between the speed of thought processes (r=0,63, р<0,01), function of attention (r=0,47, р<0,05), ratio of motometry (r=0,45, р<0,05), volume of visual memory  (r=0,43, р<0,05) and academic performance was established. The distribution of these indicators demonstrates the feasibility of using Standard deviation to assess the degree of adaptation

Radiation emission from wrinkled SiGe/SiGe nanostructure

Semiconductor optical emitters radiate light via band-to-band optical transitions. Here, a different mechanism of radiation emission, which is not related to the energy band of the materials, is proposed. In the case of carriers traveling along a sinusoidal trajectory through a wrinkled nanostructure, radiation was emitted via changes in their velocity in a manner analogous to synchrotron radiation. The radiated frequency of wrinkled SiGe/SiGe nanostructure was found to cover a wide spectrum with radiation power levels of the order of submilliwatts. Thus, this nanostructure can be used as a Si-based optical emitter and it will enable the integration of optoelectronic devices on a wafer

Russian university oriental studies and sinology in kazan and teaching chinese in the first kazan gymnasium (the first half of the xix century)

© the author(s). Formation of the Russian academic and university sinology, institutional stages, tendencies and features of development of oriental studies as educational and scientific discipline - one of the most important theoretical and applied problems. The XIX century demonstrated the main educational, scientific and organizational and research stages of formation and development of university oriental studies and sinology in Russia and Europe. Especially Kazan and St. Petersburg universities were the largest centers of Russian and European orientalism, including sinology of the XIX - the beginning of the XX centuries. In the basis of the Russian oriental studies, including sinology were external and internal political, trade and economic, scientific and cultural relations with countries of the East, major problems of socio-cultural development of the East of Russia and foreign Asia, the European oriental science and education and, in particular, original national research schools and cultures of the Eastern peoples of Russia. Kazan and the Kazan University have played a crucial role in formation and development of education and science about the East. The main aim of this article is to submit the review of development of the Kazan center of Russian university oriental studies, in particular sinology in the first half of the XIX century, the main activities and a contribution of professors and teachers to studying of history and culture of China at imperial Kazan university and teaching Chinese in the First Kazan gymnasium

Influence of industrial atmospheric pollution on the development of pathology of respiratory organs

Due to the technogenic load, first of all, the quality of the air basin is disturbed. More than 80 % of diseases depend to some extent on its quality, but in an industrial city, atmospheric pollution determines the priority of pathology of respiratory organs. The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities of the development of pathological conditions of the respiratory organs in the population living in conditions of significant atmospheric pollution. Materials and methods. Industrial emissions into the air basin from enterprises of the metallurgical industry were investigated. The type of violations of ventilation functions (obstruction, restriction, obstruction on the background of restriction) was determined from the “flow – volume” curve of the forced expiration. The incidence was studied according to the statistical materials of hospitals. Results. The residents of the industrial city have a complex of ecotoxicants, which leads to a dangerous degree of pollution and a very contaminated level. In 53.8 % of the city's residents there are deviations in the ventilation function (by the method of the flow-volume curve analysis) due to the development of obstructive changes in the bronchopulmonary apparatus of the upper respiratory tract. After 49 years of living in such conditions, nearly in all the population prenosological conditions are registered (91.7–93.9 %). With prolonged residence in conditions of contamination, obstruction significantly increases against the background of restriction. The incidence of respiratory diseases in adults is higher with a high level of use of production capacity. Conclusions. In 53.8 % of the inhabitants of the industrial city, there are deviations in the ventilation function due to the development of obstructive changes in the broncho-pulmonary apparatus of the upper respiratory tract (obstruction combined with a restriction and obstruction). With age, the proportion of persons with prenosological conditions of respiratory function increases, especially at the age of 30–39 and 40–49 years. A high degree correlation exists between air pollution and population morbidity. Thus, the correlation coefficient between the total city air pollution indexes and respiratory diseases is 0.72 (P < 0.01) in adults and 0.66 (P < 0.05) in children. The morbidity of the adult population of the megapolis with diseases of the respiratory organs has waved in the last years. The trend of its dynamics was y = 3343.2 – 47.97x, with a coefficient of multiple correlation of 0.78 (P < 0.05). The regularities of long-term chromodynamics of respiratory organs incidence among children is almost the same as at high and at a moderate level of industrial production - dynamics tendency has a look of equation y = 10190.3 – 41.2x and y = 8813.9 – 76.3x with a coefficient of multiple correlation 0.59–0.64 (P < 0.05)

Моральність медичного персоналу

The medical help is considered to be full when medical staff not only use medical and diagnostic technology properly, but also follow the ethical rules. The research showed questionnaire to be a good method of diagnostic for both medical staff ethical potential and the individual employee's one. The scale for assessing group ethical preferences is considered to be effective also. The data resulted in a high level of ethical values and behaviour for only every eleventh respondent include. The majority of respondents, more than two-thirds, showed an average level and one of five - showed a low ethical level, mainly due to the low ethics of males. The ethical learning is an urgent and indispensable task of the medical environment in public professional organizations. The ethical trainings for different social groups (as males, females doctors and the medical staff) should be distinctively different in content and occurred in each medical organisation annually. The medical ethics has become a professional competence factor of medical staff and it should be taken care of, both the public and administrators, heads of medical institutions at all levels of government.Вважається, що медична допомога повноцінна тоді, коли медичний персонал додержується усіх етичних норм і правил, а не тільки правильно і адекватно використовує лікувально-діагностичну технологію. Дослідження показало результативність використання анкетування, як засобу діагностики рівня етичного потенціалу медичного закладу і окремого співробітника, а також запропоновану шкалу оцінки групових етичних уподобань. За результатами дослідження тільки кожен одинадцятий респондент показав високий рівень етичних цінностей і поведінки. Найбільша частина людей – більш як дві третини, показали середній рівень і кожен п’ятий респондент продемонстрував низький рівень етичності, головним чином, за рахунок низької етичності чоловіків. Навчання етичним правилам, нормам і поведінки є невідкладним і неодмінним завданням лікарського середовища, громадських професійних організацій. Етичні тренінги для різних соціальних груп (лікарів чоловіків, жінок і середнього медичного персоналу) за змістом мають суттєво відрізнятися і відбуватися в кожній медичній організації, хоча б раз на рік. Можна стверджувати, що медична етика стала фактором професійної компетентності медичного персоналу і нею слід опікуватися, як громадськості, так і адміністраторам, керівникам медичного закладу на всіх рівнях управління

Polymerization of Lactic Acid Using Microwave and Conventional Heating

The polymerization of lactic acid (LA) has been investigated by two methods: conventional heating and under microwave irradiation. The reactions of polymerization have been carried out in two stages: at the beginning water is removed and oligomer is obtained; then, the catalysts/co-catalysts are added and reactions are carried out. Tin octoate, toluene sulfonic acid, 2-aminopropanoic acid (alanine) have been investigated as polymerization catalysts and the derivatives of 2,4,6,8- tetramethilol -2,4,6,8- tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane -3,7-dion (Tetraol), comprising atoms of Mg, Zn, Al have been synthesized for the first time. The structure of the synthesized catalyst has been investigated using the method of IR, {1}H NMR. It has been shown that the process of obtaining polylactic acid (PLA) by microwave irradiation proceeds hundreds of times faster. PLA samples synthesized by this method have the same optical characteristics as the PLA obtained by conventional heating

CASE OF SUCCESSFUL EMERGENCY ENDOVASCULAR REPAIR OF RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM IN ANATOMICALLY DIFFICULT CONDITIONS

This report presents a clinical case of emergency endovascular treatment of acute rupture of the abdominal aortic aneurysm in complex anatomically difficult conditions. Although this pathology is rare, it has a high mortality rate. Moreover, according to different authors endovascular repair is safer as compared with open surgery. We demonstrate the decision-making algorithm, show the technical nuances during the intervention which allowed us to achieve an acceptable clinical and angiographic result. Our experience will be interesting and useful for specialists who treat patients with vascular diseases

Magnetic ordering in Co2+-containing layered double hydroxides via the low-temperature heat capacity and magnetisation study

The low-temperature heat capacity and the magnetisation of Co2+ n Al3+ layered double hydroxides (LDH) with the cobalt-to-aluminium ratio n = 2 and 3 and intercalated with different anions have been studied in a wide range of magnetic fields up to 50 kOe. The heat capacity, C(T), was found to demonstrate a Schottky-like anomaly observed as a broad local maximum in the temperature dependence below 10 K. The effect is caused by a splitting of the ground-state Kramers doublet of Co2+ in the internal exchange field and correlates with magnetic ordering in these LDH. In low applied fields, the temperature-dependent dc magnetic susceptibility demonstrates a pronounced rise, which is associated with an onset of magnetic ordering. Both the heat capacity anomaly and the magnetic susceptibility peak are more pronounced for the LDH with n = 2 than for those with n = 3. This feature is associated with an excess of the honeycomb-like Co–Al coordination (which corresponds to a 2:1 Co–Al ordering) over the statistical cation distribution in Co2Al LDH, while a rather random cobalt-aluminium distribution is typical for Co3Al LDH. The temperature of the Schottky-like anomaly measured in a zero field is independent of the interlayer distance. Application of the magnetic field results in a widening of the anomaly range and a shift to higher temperatures. The observed experimental data are typical for a cluster spin glass ground state.publishe