Factores que han impactado en la implementación de la primera Escuela Emprendedores de Oro de la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima durante la pandemia Covid-19

Considerando el acelerado crecimiento de la población adulta mayor y la problemática de discriminación que enfrenta −situación que además se vio agravada por la COVID 19− la presente investigación busca aportar a la Gerencia Social a partir de la experiencia de la Escuela Emprendedores de Oro (EEO), implementada por la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima (MML). Esta es la primera escuela municipal de emprendimiento dirigida a adultos mayores para capacitarlos en gestión empresarial, como un medio para su sostenimiento, basada en el respeto de los derechos de este importante sector de la población. El objetivo es determinar, cualitativamente y como estudio de caso, los factores que contribuyeron o limitaron la implementación de la primera versión de la EEO, realizada de manera virtual en enero de 2021; analizando la percepción, las necesidades y expectativas de sus participantes. Todo ello en el marco de la política pública que asimismo se adhiere a los instrumentos internacionales ratificados por el Estado peruano. La investigación se enmarca en tres enfoques: el de los derechos humanos, presente mediante la forma en que la EEO se relaciona con la población adulta mayor; el de las capacidades, alentando una vida productiva y creativa y, el de la cadena de valor público, para la satisfacción de sus intereses y necesidades. Es importante resaltar que la EEO es una intervención en repuesta al grave impacto que tuvo la pandemia en la población adulta mayor, la que, debido a su vulnerabilidad y la alta tasa de letalidad, fue confinada como medida de emergencia, por cuya causa perdió la posibilidad de interactuar en las diversas actividades presenciales que les ofrecían desde varias instancias de la MML. Como resultado, se identifican cinco factores que contribuyeron al desarrollo de la EEO: (i) La consideración de las necesidades y expectativas de los participantes en la definición de los objetivos de esta escuela, (ii) el uso de recursos comunicacionales efectivos, (iii) una gestión de recursos eficiente, eficaz y efectiva, (iv) el disponer de recursos metodológicos adaptados a la PAM, (v) el contar con capacitadores formados en la metodología SYSA, con experiencia empresarial y comprometidos en el acompañamiento a los participantes.Considering the accelerated growth of the elderly population and the problem of discrimination that this group faces, and an aggravated situation by COVID 19, this research seeks to contribute to Social Management based on the experience of the Escuela Emprendedores de Oro (EEO), implemented by the Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima (MML). This is the first municipal entrepreneurship school aimed at older adults to train them in business management as a vehicle for their support, based on respect for the rights of this important sector of the population. The objective is to determine, qualitatively and as a case study, the factors that contributed or limited the implementation of the first version of the EEO, done virtually in January 2021; analyzing the perception, needs and expectations of its participants, all within the framework of public policy that also adheres to international instruments ratified by the Peruvian State. The research is framed in three approaches: human rights, present through the way in which the EEO relates to the older people as subjects of law; capacities, encouraging a productive and creative life and, the public value chain, oriented to the satisfaction of their interests and needs, in favor of their well-being. It is important to highlight that the EEO is an intervention in response to the serious impact that the pandemic had on the elderly population. Due to its vulnerability and high fatality rate, older persons were confined to home as an urgent measure, losing the possibility of interaction in the various activities offered in person by various instances of the MML. As a result, five factors that contributed to the development of the EEO are identified, namely: (i) the consideration of the needs and expectations of the subjects of law in the definition of the objectives of this school, (ii) the use of adequate communication resources, (iii) efficiency, efficacy and effective resource management, (iv) having methodological resources adapted to the profile of the participants, (v) having trainers schooled in the SYSA methodology, with business experience and committed to accompanying the participants

Association of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha gene polymorphism with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian (Hungarian) sample

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in neo-vascularisation, embryonic pancreas beta-cell mass development, and beta cell protection. Recently a non synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (g.C45035T SNP, rs11549465) of HIF-1alpha gene, resulting in the p.P582S amino acid change has been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in a Japanese population. Our aim was to replicate these findings on a Caucasian (Hungarian) population, as well as to study whether this genetic effect is restricted to T2DM or can be expanded to diabetes in general. METHODS: A large Caucasian sample (N = 890) was recruited including 370 T2DM, 166 T1DM and 354 healthy subjects. Genotyping was validated by two independent methods: a restriction fragment analysis (RFLP) and a real time PCR using TaqMan probes. An overestimation of heterozygotes by RFLP was observed as a consequence of a nearby SNP (rs34005929). Therefore genotyping results of the justified TaqMan system were accepted. The measured genotype distribution corresponded to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.740) RESULTS: As the TT genotype was extremely rare in the population (0.6% in clinical sample and 2.5% in controls), the genotypes were grouped as T absent (CC) and T present (CT and TT). Genotype-wise analysis showed a significant increase of T present group in controls (24.0%) as compared to patients (16.8%, P = 0.008). This genetic effect was demonstrated in the separated samples of type 1 (15.1%, P = 0.020), and also in type 2 (17.6%, P = 0.032) diabetes. Allele-wise analysis gave identical results showing a higher frequency of the T allele in the control sample (13.3%) than in the clinical sample (8.7%, P = 0.002) with similar results in type 1 (7.8%, P = 0.010) and type 2 (9.1%, P = 0.011) diabetes. The odds ratio for diabetes (either type 1 or 2) was 1.56 in the presence of the C allele. CONCLUSION: We confirmed the protective effect of a rare genetic variant of HIF-1alpha gene against type 2 diabetes in a Caucasian sample. Moreover we demonstrated a genetic contribution of the same polymorphism in type 1 diabetes as well, supporting a possible overlap in pathomechanism for T2DM and a T1DM

The German Music@Home: Validation of a questionnaire measuring at home musical exposure and interaction of young children.

The present study introduces the German version of the original version of the Music@Home questionnaire developed in the UK, which systematically evaluates musical engagement in the home environment of young children. Two versions are available, an Infant version for children aged three to 23 months and a Preschool version for children aged two to five and a half years. For the present study, the original Music@Home questionnaire was translated from English into German and 656 caregivers completed the questionnaire online. A confirmatory factor analysis showed moderate to high fit indices for both versions, confirming the factor structure of the original questionnaire. Also, the reliability coefficients for the subscales (Parental beliefs, Child engagement with music, Parent initiation of singing, Parent initiation of music-making for the Infant version and Parental beliefs, Child engagement with music, Parent initiation of music behavior and Breadth of musical exposure for the Preschool version) ranged from moderate to high fits. Furthermore, the test-retest analysis (N = 392) revealed high correlations for the general factor and all subscales confirming their internal reliability. Additionally, we included language questionnaires for children of two and three years of age. Results showed that higher scores on the Music@Home questionnaire were moderately associated with better language skills in two-year-olds (N = 118). In sum, the study presents the validated German Music@Home questionnaire, which shows good psychometric properties. The two versions of the questionnaire are available for use in order to assess home musical engagement of young children, which could be of interest in many areas of developmental research

A divisão sexual do trabalho comunitário: Migrantes peruanos, informalidade e reprodução da vida em Córdoba, Argentina

Este artículo se propone indagar acerca de los modos de organización del trabajo comunitario que involucra a hombres y mujeres migrantes que habitan barrios de relegación urbana de la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina). En particular, y a partir de los aportes teóricos de la economía feminista y los resultados de un trabajo de campo cualitativo con población migrante peruana en Córdoba, reflexiona sobre la división y jerarquización de género presente en el trabajo comunitario. El argumento principal afirma que, en escenarios de creciente informalización de la vida cotidiana migrante, lo comunitario resulta ser un factor tanto de sostenimiento y consolidación de los espacios donde reside un amplio conjunto de migrantes regionales como de subsistencia barrial y familiar.This article inquires about the ways of organizing community work involving male and female migrants who inhabit urban relegation neighborhoods in the city of Córdoba (Argentina). In particular, and based on the theoretical contributions of feminist economics and the results of qualitative field work with the Peruvian migrant population in Córdoba, it reflects upon the division and hierarchical organization of gender roles in community work. The main argument is that, in contexts of increasing informalization of migrant daily life, the community turns out to be a factor for sustaining and consolidating the spaces where a large group of regional migrants resides as well as a factor of neighborhood and family subsistence.Este artigo se propõe a indagar sobre os modos de organização do trabalho comunitário que envolve homens e mulheres migrantes que habitam bairros de relegação urbana da cidade de Córdoba (Argentina). Em particular, e a partir das colaborações teóricas da economia feminista e dos resultados de um trabalho de campo qualitativo com população migrante peruana em Córdoba, reflete sobre a divisão e hierarquização de gênero presente no trabalho comunitário. O argumento principal afirma que, em cenários de crescente infodos espaços onde reside um amplo conjunto de migrantes regionais quanto de subsistência de bairro e familiar.Fil: Magliano, Maria Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentin

Refinement of the diagnostic approach for the identification of children and adolescents affected by familial hypercholesterolemia: Evidence from the LIPIGEN study

Background and aims: We aimed to describe the limitations of familiar hypercholesterolemia (FH) diagnosis in childhood based on the presence of the typical features of FH, such as physical sings of cholesterol accumulation and personal or family history of premature cardiovascular disease or hypercholesterolemia, comparing their prevalence in the adult and paediatric FH population, and to illustrate how additional information can lead to a more effective diagnosis of FH at a younger age.Methods: From the Italian LIPIGEN cohort, we selected 1188 (>= 18 years) and 708 (<18 years) genetically-confirmed heterozygous FH, with no missing personal FH features. The prevalence of personal and familial FH features was compared between the two groups. For a sub-group of the paediatric cohort (N = 374), data about premature coronary heart disease (CHD) in second-degree family members were also included in the evaluation.Results: The lower prevalence of typical FH features in children/adolescents vs adults was confirmed: the prevalence of tendon xanthoma was 2.1% vs 13.1%, and arcus cornealis was present in 1.6% vs 11.2% of the cohorts, respectively. No children presented clinical history of premature CHD or cerebral/peripheral vascular disease compared to 8.8% and 5.6% of adults, respectively. The prevalence of premature CHD in first-degree relatives was significantly higher in adults compared to children/adolescents (38.9% vs 19.7%). In the sub-cohort analysis, a premature CHD event in parents was reported in 63 out of 374 subjects (16.8%), but the percentage increased to 54.0% extending the evaluation also to second-degree relatives.Conclusions: In children, the typical FH features are clearly less informative than in adults. A more thorough data collection, adding information about second-degree relatives, could improve the diagnosis of FH at younger age

Refinement of the diagnostic approach for the identification of children and adolescents affected by familial hypercholesterolemia: Evidence from the LIPIGEN study

Background and aims: We aimed to describe the limitations of familiar hypercholesterolemia (FH) diagnosis in childhood based on the presence of the typical features of FH, such as physical sings of cholesterol accumulation and personal or family history of premature cardiovascular disease or hypercholesterolemia, comparing their prevalence in the adult and paediatric FH population, and to illustrate how additional information can lead to a more effective diagnosis of FH at a younger age. Methods: From the Italian LIPIGEN cohort, we selected 1188 (≥18 years) and 708 (<18 years) genetically-confirmed heterozygous FH, with no missing personal FH features. The prevalence of personal and familial FH features was compared between the two groups. For a sub-group of the paediatric cohort (N = 374), data about premature coronary heart disease (CHD) in second-degree family members were also included in the evaluation. Results: The lower prevalence of typical FH features in children/adolescents vs adults was confirmed: the prevalence of tendon xanthoma was 2.1% vs 13.1%, and arcus cornealis was present in 1.6% vs 11.2% of the cohorts, respectively. No children presented clinical history of premature CHD or cerebral/peripheral vascular disease compared to 8.8% and 5.6% of adults, respectively. The prevalence of premature CHD in first-degree relatives was significantly higher in adults compared to children/adolescents (38.9% vs 19.7%). In the sub-cohort analysis, a premature CHD event in parents was reported in 63 out of 374 subjects (16.8%), but the percentage increased to 54.0% extending the evaluation also to second-degree relatives. Conclusions: In children, the typical FH features are clearly less informative than in adults. A more thorough data collection, adding information about second-degree relatives, could improve the diagnosis of FH at younger age

Measurement of the very rare K+→π+ννˉK^+ \to \pi^+ \nu \bar\nu decay

The decay K+→π+νν¯ , with a very precisely predicted branching ratio of less than 10−10 , is among the best processes to reveal indirect effects of new physics. The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is designed to study the K+→π+νν¯ decay and to measure its branching ratio using a decay-in-flight technique. NA62 took data in 2016, 2017 and 2018, reaching the sensitivity of the Standard Model for the K+→π+νν¯ decay by the analysis of the 2016 and 2017 data, and providing the most precise measurement of the branching ratio to date by the analysis of the 2018 data. This measurement is also used to set limits on BR(K+→π+X ), where X is a scalar or pseudo-scalar particle. The final result of the BR(K+→π+νν¯ ) measurement and its interpretation in terms of the K+→π+X decay from the analysis of the full 2016-2018 data set is presented, and future plans and prospects are reviewed

Le maître et ses élèves

Federici Nora. Le maître et ses élèves. In: Population, 47ᵉ année, n°6, 1992. Hommage à Alfred Sauvy. p. 1385