Atendimento odontológico para pacientes surdos

Introdução: Durante o atendimento odontológico é imprescindível que o profissional esteja apto a prestar um serviço de qualidade àqueles que são portadores de deficiência auditiva. O cirurgião-dentista precisa desenvolver manobras de inclusão e acessibilidade para que obtenha sucesso no tratamento desses pacientes. A insegurança do profissional, a dificuldade de comunicação e a impaciência do paciente são alguns fatores que podem levar ao insucesso do tratamento. Objetivo: Abordar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, o tratamento odontológico para deficientes auditivos. Materiais e Métodos: Foram utilizados 16 artigos das bases de dados PubMed e Scielo, e 2 trabalhos de conclusão de curso da base de dados Scielo, além de dados do site do Conselho federal de odontologia, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e Organização Mundial da Saúde. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos e trabalhos publicados entre os anos de 2012 e 2022, em inglês e português. Critérios de exclusão foram artigos pagos. Utilizaram-se os descritores: “dentisty”, “deaf”, “dentist”, “libras” e “patient”. Revisão de literatura: A maior parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas não são capacitados para atender pacientes com perda auditiva. A maioria pensa que a leitura labial e a escrita são suficientes para estabelecer uma comunicação eficaz, causando dificuldade na compreensão de informações entre ambos, além de gerar insegurança tanto no paciente como no profissional, comprometendo o atendimento. Linguagem corporal e expressões faciais são fundamentais na interação profissional-paciente. Atualmente há aplicativos de celular para auxiliar o atendimento odontológico. Conclusão: Aprender Libras é um dos primeiros passos que o profissional da odontologia deve dar com o intuito de comunicar-se com o paciente e oferecer a ele um atendimento humanizado. Os cursos de Odontologia devem tornar a disciplina de Libras obrigatória na formação dos cirurgiões-dentistas

Plasticity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Mouse Bone Marrow in the Presence of Conditioned Medium of the Facial Nerve and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2

A number of evidences show the influence of the growth of injured nerve fibers in peripheral nervous system as well as potential implant stem cells (SCs). The SCs implementation in the clinical field is promising and the understanding of proliferation and differentiation is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the plasticity of mesenchymal SCs from bone marrow of mice in the presence of culture medium conditioned with facial nerve explants and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). The growth and morphology were assessed for over 72 hours. Quantitative phenotypic analysis was taken from the immunocytochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), protein OX-42 (OX-42), protein associated with microtubule MAP-2 (MAP-2), protein β-tubulin III (β-tubulin III), neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN), and neurofilament 200 (NF-200). Cells cultured with conditioned medium alone or combined with FGF-2 showed morphological features apparently similar at certain times to neurons and glia and a significant proliferative activity in groups 2 and 4. Cells cultivated only with conditioned medium acquired a glial phenotype. Cells cultured with FGF-2 and conditioned medium expressed GFAP, OX-42, MAP-2, β-tubulin III, NeuN, and NF-200. This study improves our understanding of the plasticity of mesenchymal cells and allows the search for better techniques with SCs

Application of the genital injury severity scale in sexual violence victims

Introducción: La violencia de tipo sexual puede afectar a todo ser humano sin importar edad, sexo, etnias, condición social o laboral; un punto importante a recalcar es que afecta a la libertad de decisión y de consentimiento expreso del goce de los derechos e integridad sexual de quien se está formando y no tiene la capacidad de decidir sobre actividades sexuales de manera libre. Según el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (2011) el 25,7% de mujeres ecuatorianas han sido víctimas de violencia sexual. Dentro de la exploración física de la víctima es importante detectar lesiones a nivel extragenital, paragenital y/o genital; para ayudar en el proceso se han creado escalas de aplicación durante el examen sexológico forense, una de estas es la Escala de Gravedad de Lesiones Genitales (GISS: Genital Injury Severity Scale) desarrollada por Kelly D. et al. en el año 2013, para valorar y dar una gradación a las lesiones en el área genital de las víctimas femeninas. Objetivo: Aplicar la Escala de Gravedad de Lesiones Genitales (GISS) y relacionarla con la observación directa durante el examen sexológico forense. Metodología: El diseño del estudio fue observacional, transversal y analítico, en mujeres víctimas de presunta agresión sexual que se les realizó el examen sexológico forense. Resultados: Se demostró que existe relación entre la escala de gravedad de lesiones genitales (GISS) y la observación directa (OD) (Índice de Kappa: 0,66; IC95%: 0,52-0,79) para establecer lesiones genitales en mujeres víctimas de presunta agresión sexual. Conclusiones:La Escala de gravedad de lesiones genitales (GISS) no presenta ventajas de identificación de lesiones con respecto a la observación directa.Introduction: Sexual violence can affect every human being regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, social or employment status; It affects the freedom of decision and express consent to the benefit of sexual rights and the sexual integrity of those who are being prepared and who cannot the ability to decide on sexual activities deliberately. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (2011), 25.7% of Ecuadorian women have been victims of sexual violence. Within the physical examination of the victim, it is important to detect extra-genital, para-genital and/or genital injuries; To assist in the process, application scales have been created during the forensic sexological examination, one is the Genital Injury Severity Scale (GISS) developed by Kelly D. et al. in 2013, to assess and grade the injuries in the genital area of female victims. Objective: To apply the Genital Injury Severity Scale (GISS) and relate it to the naked eye during the forensic sexological examination. Methodology: The study design was observational, cross-sectional and analytical, in women victims of alleged sexual assault who underwent a forensic sexological examination. Results: It was shown that there is a good diagnostic concordance to establish genital injuries in women victims of alleged sexual assault, between the genital injury severity scale (GISS) and the naked eye (NE) (Kappa index: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.52-0.79). Conclusions: The genital injury severity scale has a diagnostic agreement for the detection of injuries in the genital area concerning direct observation

Statistical Coding and Decoding of Heartbeat Intervals

The heart integrates neuroregulatory messages into specific bands of frequency, such that the overall amplitude spectrum of the cardiac output reflects the variations of the autonomic nervous system. This modulatory mechanism seems to be well adjusted to the unpredictability of the cardiac demand, maintaining a proper cardiac regulation. A longstanding theory holds that biological organisms facing an ever-changing environment are likely to evolve adaptive mechanisms to extract essential features in order to adjust their behavior. The key question, however, has been to understand how the neural circuitry self-organizes these feature detectors to select behaviorally relevant information. Previous studies in computational perception suggest that a neural population enhances information that is important for survival by minimizing the statistical redundancy of the stimuli. Herein we investigate whether the cardiac system makes use of a redundancy reduction strategy to regulate the cardiac rhythm. Based on a network of neural filters optimized to code heartbeat intervals, we learn a population code that maximizes the information across the neural ensemble. The emerging population code displays filter tuning proprieties whose characteristics explain diverse aspects of the autonomic cardiac regulation, such as the compromise between fast and slow cardiac responses. We show that the filters yield responses that are quantitatively similar to observed heart rate responses during direct sympathetic or parasympathetic nerve stimulation. Our findings suggest that the heart decodes autonomic stimuli according to information theory principles analogous to how perceptual cues are encoded by sensory systems

Infrared Spectra and Phototransformations of meta-Fluorophenol Isolated in Argon and Nitrogen Matrices

Monomers of meta-fluorophenol (mFP) were trapped from the gas phase into cryogenic argon and nitrogen matrices. The estimated relative energies of the two conformers are very close, and in the gas phase they have nearly equal populations. Due to the similarity of their structures (they only differ in the orientation of the OH group), the two conformers have also similar predicted vibrational signatures, which makes the vibrational characterization of the individual rotamers challenging. In the present work, it has been established that in an argon matrix only the most stable trans conformer of mFP exists (the OH group pointing away from the fluorine atom). On the other hand, the IR spectrum of mFP in a nitrogen matrix testifies to the simultaneous presence in this matrix of both the trans conformer and of the higher-energy cis conformer (the OH group pointing toward the fluorine atom), which is stabilized by interaction with the matrix gas host. We found that the exposition of the cryogenic N2 matrix to the Globar source of the infrared spectrometer affects the conformational populations. By collecting experimental spectra, either in the full mid-infrared range or only in the range below 2200 cm−1, we were able to reliably distinguish two sets of experimental bands originating from individual conformers. A comparison of the two sets of experimental bands with computed infrared spectra of the conformers allowed, for the first time, the unequivocal vibrational identification of each of them. The joint implementation of computational vibrational spectroscopy and matrix-isolation infrared spectroscopy proved to be a very accurate method of structural analysis. Some mechanistic insights into conformational isomerism (the quantum tunneling of hydrogen atom and vibrationally-induced conformational transformations) have been addressed. Finally, we also subjected matrix-isolated mFP to irradiations with UV light, and the phototransformations observed in these experiments are also described

Dissociation of ground and nσ* states of CF3Cl using multireference configuration interaction with singles and doubles and with multireference average quadratic coupled cluster extensivity corrections

Extended complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF), multireference configuration interaction with singles and doubles (MR-CISD), and multireference average quadratic coupled cluster (MR-AQCC) calculations have been performed on the ground (S0) and first excited (nσ*,S1) states of the CF3Cl molecule. Full geometry optimizations have been carried out for S0 as well as “relaxed” potential energy calculations for both states, along the C–Cl bond distance. Vertical excitation energies (ΔEvertical), dissociation energies (ΔEdiss), dissociation enthalpies (ΔHdiss), and the oscillator strength (f) have also been computed. Basis set effects, basis set superposition error (BSSE), and spin-orbit and size-extensivity corrections have also been considered. The general agreement between theoretical and available experimental results is very good. The best results for the equilibrium geometrical parameters of S0 (at MR-AQCC/aug-cc-pVTZ+d level) are 1.762 and 1.323 Å, for the C–Cl and C–F bond distances, respectively, while the corresponding experimental values are 1.751 and 1.328 Å. The ∠ClCF and ∠FCF bond angles are in excellent agreement with the corresponding experimental values (110.3° and 108.6°). The best calculated values for ΔEvertical, ΔHdiss, and f are 7.63 eV [at the MR-AQCC/aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z level], 3.59 eV[MR-AQCC/aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z level+spin-orbit and BSSE corrections], and 2.74×10−3 (MR-CISD/cc-pVTZ), in comparison with the corresponding experimental values of 7.7±0.1 eV, 3.68 eV, and 3.12×10−3±2.50×10−4. The results concerning the potential energy curves for S0 and S1 show a tendency toward the nonoccurrence of crossing between these two states (in the intermediate region along the C–Cl coordinate), as the basis set size increases. Such tendency is accompanied by a decreasing well depth for the S1 state. Dynamic electronic correlation (especially at the MR-AQCC level) is also an important factor toward an absence of crossing along the C–Cl coordinate. Further investigations of a possible crossing using gradient driven techniques (at CASSCF and MR-CISD levels) seem to confirm its absence

Population code optimized through heartbeat intervals derived from normal sinus rhythm volunteers.

<p>Each waveform was adapted upon a time window composed of 256 beat-intervals. (A) From a total number of 256, the plot illustrates a typical set of decoding filters organized from the highest to the lowest center frequency. Although the self-organization of the decoding population is not homogenous, it shows three different patterns. (B) Joint time-frequency plane representing the overlap of 245 contour plots. In this time-frequency tilling-like pattern representation, each “tile” was obtained from the amplitude envelope and spectral power of the optimized filters at 95% of the energy peak.</p

Spectral analysis of the decoding filters.

<p>( <i>left</i>) Temporal representation of filters followed by the ( <i>right</i>) normalized power spectral whose center frequencies are (A) 0.05 Hz, (B) 0.24 Hz, and (C) 0.33 Hz. Their waveforms remarkably resemble bandpass filters.</p