Risk factors for borderline personality disorder in treatment seeking patients with a substance use disorder: An international multicenter study

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) often co-occur, partly because they share risk factors. In this international multicenter study, risk factors for BPD were examined for SUD patients. In total, 1,205 patients were comprehensively examined by standardized interviews and questionnaires on psychiatric diagnosis and risk factors, and it was found that 1,033 (85.7%) had SUDs without BPD (SUD) and 172 (14.3%) had SUD with BPD (SUD + BPD). SUD + BPD patients were significantly younger, more often females and more often diagnosed with comorbid adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. SUD + BPD patients did not differ from SUD patients on most risk factors typical for SUD such as maternal use of drugs during pregnancy or parents having any SUD. However, SUD + BPD patients did have a higher risk of having experienced emotional and physical abuse, neglect, or family violence in childhood compared to SUD patients, suggesting that child abuse and family violence are BPD-specific risk factors in patients with SUDs

VACANCY-CATION DISTRIBUTION IN NON STOICHIOMETRIC LAYERED IRON-TITANIUM CHALCOGENIDES

Sept chalcogénures lamellaires de fer et de titane, non stoechiométriques, ont été étudiés par spectroscopie Mössbauer, en relation avec des calculs de distribution statistique des cations et des lacunes. Les résultats obtenus, nous ont permis de déterminer la distribution des cations et des lacunes dans les différents plans, et d'identifier les différents sites de fer.In an extension of a previous study of layered iron titanium chalcogenides /1/, we have studied Mössbauer spectra of seven non-stoichiometric compounds, in the vicitity of the FeTi2S4 composition, in relation with statistical distribution calculations. The results, enabled us, mainly, to obtain informations on the cations-and-vacancy distribution, and to identify the different detected iron-sites

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and cannabis use after 1 year among students of the i-Share cohort

Cannabis use in university students is associated with academic achievement failure and health issues. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and cannabis use after 1 year among students according to previous cannabis use. Students in France were recruited from February 2013 to July 2020 in the i-Share cohort. 4,270 participants were included (2,135 who never used cannabis at inclusion and 2,135 who did). The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) was used to assess ADHD symptoms at inclusion. Cannabis use frequency was evaluated 1 year after inclusion. Multinomial regressions were conducted to assess the association between inclusion ADHD symptoms and cannabis use after 1 year. Increase in ASRS scores was linked with a greater probability to use cannabis after 1 year and to have a higher cannabis use frequency (once a year-once a month adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.24 (1.15-1.34), more than once a month adjusted OR: 1.43 (1.27-1.61)). Among participants who never used cannabis at inclusion, this association disappeared (once a year-once a month adjusted OR: 1.15 (0.95-1.39), more than once a month adjusted OR: 1.16 (0.67-2)) but remained in participants who ever used cannabis at inclusion (once a year-once a month adjusted OR: 1.17 (1.06-1.29), more than once a month adjusted OR: 1.35 (1.18-1.55)). High levels of ADHD symptoms in students could lead to continued cannabis use rather than new initiations

Characteristics, management, and prognosis of elderly patients with COVID-19 admitted in the ICU during the first wave: insights from the COVID-ICU study

International audienceBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic is a heavy burden in terms of health care resources. Future decision-making policies require consistent data on the management and prognosis of the older patients (> 70 years old) with COVID-19 admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: Characteristics, management, and prognosis of critically ill old patients (> 70 years) were extracted from the international prospective COVID-ICU database. A propensity score weighted-comparison evaluated the impact of intubation upon admission on Day-90 mortality. Results: The analysis included 1199 (28% of the COVID-ICU cohort) patients (median [interquartile] age 74 [72–78] years). Fifty-three percent, 31%, and 16% were 70–74, 75–79, and over 80 years old, respectively. The most frequent comorbidities were chronic hypertension (62%), diabetes (30%), and chronic respiratory disease (25%). Median Clinical Frailty Scale was 3 (2–3). Upon admission, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 154 (105–222). 740 (62%) patients were intubated on Day-1 and eventually 938 (78%) during their ICU stay. Overall Day-90 mortality was 46% and reached 67% among the 193 patients over 80 years old. Mortality was higher in older patients, diabetics, and those with a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio upon admission, cardiovascular dysfunction, and a shorter time between first symptoms and ICU admission. In propensity analysis, early intubation at ICU admission was associated with a significantly higher Day-90 mortality (42% vs 28%; hazard ratio 1.68; 95% CI 1.24–2.27; p < 0·001). Conclusion: Patients over 70 years old represented more than a quarter of the COVID-19 population admitted in the participating ICUs during the first wave. Day-90 mortality was 46%, with dismal outcomes reported for patients older than 80 years or those intubated upon ICU admission