ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF BRAIN OXIDATIVE STRESS IMPROVING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMIN IN INTOXICATED RATS

Objective: The following study aimed to investigate the efficacy of curcumin at preventing amikacin neurotoxicity Methods: Twenty-four male Wister albino rats were randomly divided into four groups including-G (1): control group includes six rats, they were administered 0.5 ml of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. G (2): includes six rats; they were administered 200 mg/kg curcumin orally for 14 consecutive days. G (3): includes six rats, they were administered 300 mg/kg body weight/day of amikacin intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days G (4): includes six rats, they were administered 200 mg/kg curcumin orally concurrently with 300 mg/kg body weight/day of amikacin. All animals were kept in the same conditions from feed, heat and humidity. Results: According to the result obtained after sacrification of all animals after the end of 14 d, Results revealed that amikacin at the dose rate of 300 mg/kg b. wt for 14 d induces significant changes in oxidative stress markers compared to the control group, a significant reduction in CAT. SOD. GSH (1.51±0.16, 77.00±0.73 and 84.06±4.42) respectively compared to control (3.63±0.11, 98.48±0.18 and 117.05±0.52) along with a significant increase in MDA activity (219.02±3.34) compared to control group (180.42±0.19), That indicate oxidative stress effect of it. On the beneficial side rats received amikacin 300 mg/kg B. wt I/p concurrently with 200 mg/kg b. wt curcumin for successive 14day result in a significant increase in CAT. SOD. GSH (2.23±0.09,92.00±0.26, 102.25±1.71) and decrease in MDA concentration (139.23±3.89) compared to amikacin treated group levels along with histopathological changes appear in brain tissue in the group treated with amikacin include nuclear pyknosis and degeneration in some neurons in the hippocampus, multiple focal eosinophilic plaque formation in the striatum also this results enhanced by activated caspase-3 expression in the brain tissue following amikacin administration. Conclusion: The present study proved that Oral administration of curcumin at the dose of 200 mg/kg for 14 d concurrently with amikacin significantly mitigates its neurotoxic and oxidative stress effects

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF CAFFEIC ACID AND 18Î’-GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of caffeic acid and 18 β -glycyrrhetinic acid against diabetic rats.Methods: In this experiment, the animals were divided into five groups. Group I: Normal rats. Group II: diabetic control rats.Group III: diabetic rats treated with 18β-glycyrrhetinic. Group IV: diabetic rats treated with caffeic acid. Group V: diabetic rats treated with 18β-glycyrrhetinic and caffeic acid. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant (TAO), catalase , and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed.Results: Fasting blood glucose and MDA were significantly increased, whereas insuline, GR, GPx, TAO, catalase , SOD were decreased significantly in diabetic rats. Though the diabetic rats treated with caffeic acid and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid individual exerts beneficial effects in all the biochemical parameters in diabetic rats. The combined treatment with caffeic acid and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid normalized all the above-mentioned biochemical parameters in diabetic rats.Conclusion: our findings demonstrated that 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and  caffeic acid either used individually or in combination to diabetic rats have an antidiabetic effect and a good antioxidant property .From the results, the combined dose of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and caffeic acid to diabetic rats showed promising antidiabetic effect and antioxidant property compared to individual treatments.Keywords: Diabetes, Caffeic acid, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, Streptozotocin, Antioxidant

Synthesis, antifungal activity and semi-empirical AM1-MO calculations of some new 4-oxo-4H-chromene derivatives

Some new antifungal agents have been prepared through reaction of 4-oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehydes (1a,b) with some active primary amines (2a-e) and amides/thioamides (6a-d) in different conditions. Structures of the products were established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, mass spectra and semi-empirical AM1-MO calculations

Bioactive chemical constituents of Curcuma longa L. rhizomes extract inhibit the growth of human hepatoma cell line (HepG2)

The present study was designed to identify the chemical constituents of the methanolic extract of Curcuma longa L. rhizomes and their inhibitory effect on a hepatoma cell line. The methanolic extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify the volatile constituents and the other part of the same extract was subjected to liquid column chromatographic separation to isolate curcumin. The inhibition of cell growth in the hepatoma cell line and the cytopathological changes were studied. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of fifty compounds in the methanolic extract of C. longa. The major compounds were ar-turmerone (20.50 %), β-sesquiphellandrene (5.20 %) and curcumenol (5.11 %). Curcumin was identified using IR, 1H and 13C NMR. The inhibition of cell growth by curcumin (IC50 = 41.69 ± 2.87 µg mL–1) was much more effective than that of methanolic extract (IC50 = 196.12 ± 5.25 µg mL–1). Degenerative and apoptotic changes were more evident in curcumin-treated hepatoma cells than in those treated with the methanol extract. Antitumor potential of the methanolic extract may be attributed to the presence of sesquiterpenes and phenolic constituents including curcumin (0.051 %, 511.39 µg g–1 dried methanol extract) in C. longa rhizomes

Electrical power output prediction of combined cycle power plants using a recurrent neural network optimized by waterwheel plant algorithm

It is difficult to analyze and anticipate the power output of Combined Cycle Power Plants (CCPPs) when considering operational thermal variables such as ambient pressure, vacuum, relative humidity, and temperature. Our data visualization study shows strong non-linearity in the experimental data. We observe that CCPP energy production increases linearly with temperature but not pressure. We offer the Waterwheel Plant Algorithm (WWPA), a unique metaheuristic optimization method, to fine-tune Recurrent Neural Network hyperparameters to improve prediction accuracy. A robust mathematical model for energy production prediction is built and validated using anticipated and experimental data residuals. The residuals’ uniformity above and below the regression line suggests acceptable prediction errors. Our mathematical model has an R-squared value of 0.935 and 0.999 during training and testing, demonstrating its outstanding predictive accuracy. This research provides an accurate way to forecast CCPP energy output, which could improve operational efficiency and resource utilization in these power plants

Pulmonary embolism versus pulmonary vasculitis in Hughes-Stovin syndrome: Characteristic computed tomography pulmonary angiographic findings and diagnostic and therapeutic implications. HSS International Study Group

Background and aim: Hughes-Stovin syndrome (HSS) is a rare systemic vasculitis with widespread venous/arterial thrombosis and pulmonary vasculitis. Distinguishing between pulmonary embolism (PE) and in-situ thrombosis in the early stages of HSS is challenging. The aim of the study is to compare clinical, laboratory, and computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) characteristics in patients diagnosed with PE versus those with HSS. Methods: This retrospective study included 40 HSS patients with complete CTPA studies available, previously published by the HSS study group, and 50 patients diagnosed with PE from a single center. Demographics, clinical and laboratory findings, vascular thrombotic events, were compared between both groups. The CTPA findings were reviewed, with emphasis on the distribution, adherence to the mural wall, pulmonary infarction, ground glass opacification, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage. Pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs) in HSS were assessed and classified. Results: The mean age of HSS patients was 35 ± 12.3 years, in PE 58.4 ± 17 (p &lt; 0.0001). Among PE 39(78 %) had co-morbidities, among HSS none. In contrast to PE, in HSS both major venous and arterial thrombotic events are seen. Various patterns of PAAs were observed in the HSS group, which were entirely absent in PE. Parenchymal hemorrhage was also more frequent in HSS compared to PE (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Major vascular thrombosis with arterial aneurysms formation are characteristic of HSS. PE typically appear loosely-adherent and mobile whereas “in-situ thrombosis” seen in HSS is tightly-adherent to the mural wall. Mural wall enhancement and PAAs are distinctive pulmonary findings in HSS. The latter findings have significant therapeutic ramifications.</p

Bases de pathogénicité de Cutibacterium acnes dans les infections sur matériel ostéo-articulaire : Corrélation entre le génotype et la réponse immune

The aim of this thesis was to contribute to the understanding of the physiopathology of C. acnes orthopedic-device related infections (ODRI). Firstly, we typed by MLST 108 C. acnes isolates responsible for 34 cases of monomicrobial ODRIs and correlated typing results with bio-clinical data. We have shown that C. acnes ODRIs correspond to two clinical entities: i) "homotypic" cases corresponding to true infections with a single pathogenic clone of C. acnes eliciting an inflammatory response ii) heterotypic cases corresponding to colonization or iterative contamination of the implant without systemic inflammatory response. These typing data highlighted the limitations of the current microbiological definition of ODRI when it comes to C. acnes and the need to incorporate a reliable molecular tool into the routine microbiological diagnosis of these infections. We therefore evaluated the SLST technique developed for a rapid and optimal typing of C. acnes. The discriminating power of this technique was insufficient suggesting that only the establishment of real-time NGS in microbiology laboratories could improve the microbiological diagnosis. Our typing results showed that the clonal status of the infection and not CC is the main determining factor in the physiopathological and inflammatory process of C. acnes ODRI. This conclusion is consistent with our results obtained on an in vitro model of a macrophage THP-1 infection. Using this model, we have shown that the in vitro inflammatory response of our isolates is strain- and non-CC-dependent. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo inflammatory responses were not correlated. This underscores the limitations of in vitro models in the study of C. acnes ODRIs in which the adaptation of the bacteria to the host is completely neglected during the study of the immune response. Finally, we confirmed the importance of the environment in the conditioning of the behavior of the bacterium. We conducted a comparative study of the ex vivo and ex vitro growth characteristics of our C.acnes isolates. We have shown the impact of CC and environmental conditions, by extension the pressure that can exert the host, on the cultural profile of C. acnes. In conclusion, our work shows that a multifactorial approach, integrating both genomics and host response, is needed to understand the physiopathology of C. acnes ODRI.L’objectif de ces travaux de thèse a été de contribuer à la compréhension de la physiopathologie des infections sur matériel ostéo-articulaire (IMOA) à C. acnes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons typé par MLST 108 isolats de C. acnes responsables de 34 cas d’IMOAs monomicrobiennes et corrélé les résultats de typage aux données clinico-biologiques. Nous avons ainsi montré que les IMOAs à C. acnes correspondent à 2 entités cliniques : i) les cas « homotypiques » qui sont des vraies infections dues à un clone de C. acnes responsable d’une réponse inflammatoire de l’hôte ii) les cas hétérotypiques qui sont une colonisation ou contamination itérative du matériel ostéo-articulaire en l’absence de réponse inflammatoire de l’hôte. Ces données de typage ont souligné les limites de la définition microbiologique actuelle d’une IMOA quand il s’agit de C. acnes et la nécessité d’intégrer un outil moléculaire fiable dans le diagnostic microbiologique de routine de ces infections. Nous avons par conséquent évalué la technique SLST développée pour un typage rapide et optimal de C. acnes en routine. Le pouvoir discriminant de cette technique était insuffisant suggérant que seule la mise en place du NGS en temps réel dans les laboratoires de microbiologie pourrait répondre au besoin de typage moléculaire pour améliorer le diagnostic microbiologique de ces infections.Nos résultats de typage ont montré que la clonalité de l’infection plutôt que le complexe clonal (CC) est le principal facteur déterminant du processus physiopathologique et inflammatoire de l’IMOA à C. acnes. Cette conclusion est concordante avec les résultats que nous avons obtenus dans un modèle in vitro d’infection de macrophages THP-1 par C. acnes. Grâce à ce modèle, nous avons pu montrer que la réponse inflammatoire in vitro de nos isolats est souche –et non CC– dépendante. De plus, les réponses inflammatoires in vitro et in vivo n’étaient pas corrélées. Ceci souligne les limites des modèles in vitro dans l’étude de la physiopathologie des IMOAs à C. acnes dans lesquels l’adaptation de la bactérie à l’hôte est complètement négligée lors de l’étude de la réponse immune. Dans la dernière partie de ce travail, nous avons confirmé l’importance de l’environnement dans le conditionnement du comportement de la bactérie. Nous avons mené une étude comparative des caractéristiques culturales ex vivo et ex vitro de nos isolats de C. acnes. Nous avons montré l’impact du CC et des conditions environnementales, par extension la pression que peut exercer l’hôte, sur le profil cultural de C. acnes. En conclusion, nos travaux montrent qu’une approche multifactorielle, intégrant à la fois la génomique et la réponse de l’hôte, est nécessaire pour comprendre la physiopathologie des IMOAs à C. acnes

Pathogenicity base of Cutibacterium acnes orthopedic-device related infections : Correlation between genotype and immune response

L’objectif de ces travaux de thèse a été de contribuer à la compréhension de la physiopathologie des infections sur matériel ostéo-articulaire (IMOA) à C. acnes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons typé par MLST 108 isolats de C. acnes responsables de 34 cas d’IMOAs monomicrobiennes et corrélé les résultats de typage aux données clinico-biologiques. Nous avons ainsi montré que les IMOAs à C. acnes correspondent à 2 entités cliniques : i) les cas « homotypiques » qui sont des vraies infections dues à un clone de C. acnes responsable d’une réponse inflammatoire de l’hôte ii) les cas hétérotypiques qui sont une colonisation ou contamination itérative du matériel ostéo-articulaire en l’absence de réponse inflammatoire de l’hôte. Ces données de typage ont souligné les limites de la définition microbiologique actuelle d’une IMOA quand il s’agit de C. acnes et la nécessité d’intégrer un outil moléculaire fiable dans le diagnostic microbiologique de routine de ces infections. Nous avons par conséquent évalué la technique SLST développée pour un typage rapide et optimal de C. acnes en routine. Le pouvoir discriminant de cette technique était insuffisant suggérant que seule la mise en place du NGS en temps réel dans les laboratoires de microbiologie pourrait répondre au besoin de typage moléculaire pour améliorer le diagnostic microbiologique de ces infections.Nos résultats de typage ont montré que la clonalité de l’infection plutôt que le complexe clonal (CC) est le principal facteur déterminant du processus physiopathologique et inflammatoire de l’IMOA à C. acnes. Cette conclusion est concordante avec les résultats que nous avons obtenus dans un modèle in vitro d’infection de macrophages THP-1 par C. acnes. Grâce à ce modèle, nous avons pu montrer que la réponse inflammatoire in vitro de nos isolats est souche –et non CC– dépendante. De plus, les réponses inflammatoires in vitro et in vivo n’étaient pas corrélées. Ceci souligne les limites des modèles in vitro dans l’étude de la physiopathologie des IMOAs à C. acnes dans lesquels l’adaptation de la bactérie à l’hôte est complètement négligée lors de l’étude de la réponse immune. Dans la dernière partie de ce travail, nous avons confirmé l’importance de l’environnement dans le conditionnement du comportement de la bactérie. Nous avons mené une étude comparative des caractéristiques culturales ex vivo et ex vitro de nos isolats de C. acnes. Nous avons montré l’impact du CC et des conditions environnementales, par extension la pression que peut exercer l’hôte, sur le profil cultural de C. acnes. En conclusion, nos travaux montrent qu’une approche multifactorielle, intégrant à la fois la génomique et la réponse de l’hôte, est nécessaire pour comprendre la physiopathologie des IMOAs à C. acnes.The aim of this thesis was to contribute to the understanding of the physiopathology of C. acnes orthopedic-device related infections (ODRI). Firstly, we typed by MLST 108 C. acnes isolates responsible for 34 cases of monomicrobial ODRIs and correlated typing results with bio-clinical data. We have shown that C. acnes ODRIs correspond to two clinical entities: i) "homotypic" cases corresponding to true infections with a single pathogenic clone of C. acnes eliciting an inflammatory response ii) heterotypic cases corresponding to colonization or iterative contamination of the implant without systemic inflammatory response. These typing data highlighted the limitations of the current microbiological definition of ODRI when it comes to C. acnes and the need to incorporate a reliable molecular tool into the routine microbiological diagnosis of these infections. We therefore evaluated the SLST technique developed for a rapid and optimal typing of C. acnes. The discriminating power of this technique was insufficient suggesting that only the establishment of real-time NGS in microbiology laboratories could improve the microbiological diagnosis. Our typing results showed that the clonal status of the infection and not CC is the main determining factor in the physiopathological and inflammatory process of C. acnes ODRI. This conclusion is consistent with our results obtained on an in vitro model of a macrophage THP-1 infection. Using this model, we have shown that the in vitro inflammatory response of our isolates is strain- and non-CC-dependent. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo inflammatory responses were not correlated. This underscores the limitations of in vitro models in the study of C. acnes ODRIs in which the adaptation of the bacteria to the host is completely neglected during the study of the immune response. Finally, we confirmed the importance of the environment in the conditioning of the behavior of the bacterium. We conducted a comparative study of the ex vivo and ex vitro growth characteristics of our C.acnes isolates. We have shown the impact of CC and environmental conditions, by extension the pressure that can exert the host, on the cultural profile of C. acnes. In conclusion, our work shows that a multifactorial approach, integrating both genomics and host response, is needed to understand the physiopathology of C. acnes ODRI

Etude rétrospective de 34 cas de LAM CBFB-MYH11 diagnostiqués entre 2000 et 2010

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) on four strawberry cultivars

Shimaa, Fahim, Faten, Momen, El-Sayed, El-Saiedy (2020): Life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) on four strawberry cultivars. Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (1): 43-56, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i1.5477