The remedial solutions of the issues of Pakistan in 2022 in the light of Qur’ān and Sunnah

Islam is a religion which encompasses the whole important aspects of life including political, economic, collective, ideological and military perspectives. It has also a significant proportion and balance of life in Islam.  So, it also sustains the subtle balance in all walks of life. It creates a balance between the rights of people which may be collective or individual. As he depicts the responsibilities of the Rulers and masses as they have their own coordinate rights and duties. It is also a fact that un-Islamic ideologies have been ruling the whole world and they attacked from the East and West and showed their control over the Islamic Countries. But now there is a strong wave of change in order to implement their Islamic ideologies in the Islamic countries such as Pakistan, in the light of glorious Quran and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet PBUH. Disaster management may be presented to the world so that the economic and flood crisis might be resolved in Pakistan. This comprehensive research regarding emergence of wealth and Rehabilitation, and its distribution according to the positive manners should be implemented accurately and solution of all the problems in our country may be sought out. Because the Islamic system of justice is a sole comprehensive system which presents the solution of all existing economic issues as well national disaster like recent flood crisis in whole country

Allelopathic potential of Anagalis arvensis L.

Anagalis arvensis L. (Primulaceae) is a common cultivating weed, forming dense populations of undergrowth in warm and temperate regions of Pakistan. Allelopathic studies with aqueous extracts from whole plant including leaves, flowers, shoot and roots; litter and mulch in various experiments invariably reduced the germination, plumule growth, radical growth, number of seminal roots, cell size, and fresh and dry weights of two wheat varieties namely, Ghaznavi and Uqab, which were used as the test species. Phytotoxicity of extracts depended on the amount and soaking duration. Generally, the extracts obtained after 48 h soaking and the hot water extracts were more inhibitory. Addition of litter and mulch also proved inhibitory in the experiments. Our work suggested that A. arvensis had strong allelopathic potential but must further be tested for its weedicidal and insecticidal activities. From the practical view point, the identification of weeds with potential pool of allelochemicals, screening and identification of the toxic principle, assessment of their adverse effects on germination of crops during early growth stages and finally on the commercial yield is highly recommended.Keywords: Anagalis arvensis L. (Primulaceae), allelopathic, extracts, wee

Allelopathic inhibition of germination, seedling growth and cell division of selected plant species by Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait.

Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. is perennial medicinal obnoxious shrub growing in Pakistan up to 1500 m altitude. Hot and water aqueous extracts from leaves and young stems of C. procera were used against Pennisetum glaucum (Linn.) R. Br., Setaria italica (Linn.) P. Beauv., Brassica campestris Linn. and Lactuca sativa L. under laboratory condition. It was seen that germination, seedling growth, fresh and dry biomass reduced in concentration dependent manner. It was observed that the allelopathic effects depended upon the tested species, growth parameter measured, soaking duration and concentration of the donor plant material. The C. procera litter incorporated into the growth medium inhibited the test species used. The C. procera extracts from leaves were more inhibitory than stem extracts. The tendency of inhibition was radical growth > germination > plumule growth suggesting radicle growth to be a better measure of allelopathy. Leaf extracts significantly reduced division and size of cells. It is suggested that aqueous extract from C. procera can be further assessed against microbes and weed under laboratory and field condition

Effectiveness of various treatment strategies in COVID-19 patients having Solid Organ Transplant: A Systematic Review

Introduction: This narrative review provides an evidence-based summary of the various interventions in the management of Post Solid organ transplant patients who reported positive for COVID-19.  Materials and Methods: For this systematic review, observational and experimental studies; conducted on Post- Organ transplant patients, either symptomatic or asymptomatic, who tested positive for COVID-19 were included. Only solid organ transplant patient studies were considered standard for this review type. The English version, both published and unpublished articles, from Dec 2019 to Aug 2020, were evaluated using Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science direct, Medrixv search engines. The articles with incomplete details about a transplant or covid management were excluded. Results: We selected 43 articles out of which 9 were retrospective studies, 2 were cohort studies, one was an experimental study, and 31 were case studies. According to the literature review, effective management therapy includes the withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs, increase/ constant steroid dose, and regimen containing HCQ, interleukin inhibitor, and one antiviral drug especially remdesivir proved to be the most effective among all. In others, administration of IV immunoglobulins/convalescent plasma therapy proved effective in various trials but related data is currently limited. While Lop/Rit, Interferons alpha, and oseltamivir trials are also given; these therapies didn’t prove to be much effective individually. Conclusion: More trials are required to find the effectiveness of Convalescent plasma therapy. It can be proved as an effective treatment in critical patients. IV immunoglobulins effectiveness should also be tested in critical patients and for this more experimental trials are needed

Determinants of Dividend with Industry-wise Effect – Evidence from KSE 100 Index

This research have identified the industry-wise effect of dividend policy among non-financial listed companies of KSE – 100 Index. For this purpose data from 2006 to 2011 for 53 companies of different industries i.e. Fuel and Energy Sector, Chemicals Sector, Cement Sector, Engineering Sector, Textiles Sector and Transport and Communication Sector have been taken. Multiple Regression Analysis has been used to identify the prominent determinant of Dividend and Industry effect was captured through incorporating six dummy variables for said industries. Results highlighted that apart from profitability most powerful determinant of dividend there are other factors of life cycle, tangibility of assets are prominent whereas capital structure, size of firm and cash flows per share is not significant determinant of dividend. Apart from these variable, Industry-wise effect shows that all the above significant determinants remains significant within industry except textile sector

Ethnomedicinal Survey for Important Plants of Jalalpur Jattan, District Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

An ethnomedicinal survey was carried out in Jalalpur Jattan District Gujrat, Punjab-Pakistan for documentation of important flora and information from local community about their medicinal uses. The indigenous knowledge of local traditional uses was collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. Plants with their correct nomenclature were arranged by family name, vernacular name, part use, ethnomedicinal remedies and ethnomedicinal uses. The identification and nomenclature of the listed plants were based on The Flora of Pakistan. A total of 88 plants species were identified by taxonomic description and locally by ethnomedicinal knowledge of people existing in the region. Plant specimens collected, identified, preserved and mounted were deposited in the department of botany, University of Gujrat, Pakistan for future references

Ex-situ Management Study of Some High Value Medicinal Plant Species in Swat, Pakistan

researchAn ex-situ experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of six medicinal species (Aconitum laeve Royle, Bunium persicum B. Fedtsch., Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch., Podophyllum hexandrum Royle, Delphinium roylei Munz and Hypericum perforatum L.) from upper Swat, Pakistan. Experiments were conducted at four different locations in the upper Swat valley at altitudes ranging from 1200 to 1900 m.a.s.l. The objectives were; 1) to determine the suitability of ex-situ cultivation of different medicinal species, and; 2) to assess the economic feasibility of growing medicinal plants in the area. A highest mean survival of 80.7% across all locations was observed for H. perforatum followed by 58.7% for B. persicum. The remaining four species exhibited very poor survival rates, although D. roylei, did show encouraging signs of growth and flowered, before experiencing high mortality rates late in the trial. Altitude generally seemed to enhance the degree of sprouting for all species except H. perforatum. However, the productive yield of H. perforatum was certainly not reduced, but rather slightly enhanced in the higher altitude sites. Overall, cultivation of only two of the investigated species, B. persicum and H. perforatum, appeared successful and potentially economically viable under farmland conditions at upper Swat