Evaluación de la inteligencia emocional en sujetos con psicopatología : resultados preliminares usando el TMMS-24 y el MSCEIT

Se presentan unos resultados preliminares respecto a la conveniencia del empleo de diferentes instrumentos para evaluar la Inteligencia Emocional (IE) en población con psicopatología. Método: 62 pacientes con agorafobia, distimia o adicción a la cocaína fueron evaluados con un cuestionario de autoinforme para la IE Percibida, el TMMS-24 y con un instrumento de ejecución, el MSCEIT. Resultados: Las puntuaciones de los grupos en ambas escalas se situaban en la normalidad o por debajo. Mientras ninguno de los subfactores del TMMS-24 discriminaba entre los grupos clínicos, varios subfactores y la escala total del MSCEIT lo hacía de forma significativa, presentando el grupo de los distímicos la IE más baja de los tres grupos. Las correlaciones entre las subescalas de los dos instrumentos no fueron significativas a excepción de una. Discusión: los resultados indican que los dos instrumentos miden aspectos diferentes de la inteligencia emocional; además se sugiere que parece más adecuado el uso del MSCEIT con población clínic

Recovery Signals of Rhodoliths Beds since Bottom Trawling Ban in the SCI Menorca Channel (Western Mediterranean)

One of the objectives of the LIFE IP INTEMARES project is to assess the impact of bottom trawling on the vulnerable benthic habitats of the circalittoral bottoms of the Menorca Channel (western Mediterranean), designated a Site of Community Importance (SCI) within the Natura 2000 network. The present study compares the epibenthic communities of four areas, subjected to different bottom trawl fishing intensity levels. The assignment of fishing effort levels was based on the fishing effort distribution in the area calculated from Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data and the existence of two Fishing Protected Zones in the Menorca Channel. Biological samples were collected from 39 beam trawl stations, sampled during a scientific survey on April 2019. We compare the diversity, composition, and density of the epibenthic flora and fauna, together with the rhodoliths coverage and the morphology of the main species of rhodoliths of four areas subjected to different levels of bottom trawl fishing effort, including one that has never been impacted by trawling. Our results have shown negative impacts of bottom trawling on rhodoliths beds and the first signals of their recovery in areas recently closed to this fishery, which indicate that this is an effective measure for the conservation of this habitat of special interest and must be included in the management plan required to declare the Menorca Channel as a Special Area of Conservation.En prens

Improving Scientific Knowledge of Mallorca Channel Seamounts (Western Mediterranean) within the Framework of Natura 2000 Network

The scientific exploration of Mallorca Channel seamounts (western Mediterranean) is improving the knowledge of the Ses Olives (SO), Ausias March (AM), and Emile Baudot (EB) seamounts for their inclusion in the Natura 2000 network. The aims are to map and characterize benthic species and habitats by means of a geological and biological multidisciplinary approach: high-resolution acoustics, sediment and rock dredges, beam trawl, bottom trawl, and underwater imagery. Among the seamounts, 15 different morphological features were differentiated, highlighting the presence of 4000 pockmarks, which are seafloor rounded depressions indicators of focused fluid flow escapes, usually gas and/or water, from beneath the seabed sediments. So far, a total of 547 species or taxa have been inventoried, with sponges, fishes, mollusks, and crustaceans the most diverse groups including new taxa and new geographical records. Up to 29 categories of benthic habitats have been found, highlighting those included in the Habitats Directive: maërl beds on the summits of AM and EB, pockmarks around the seamounts and coral reefs in their rocky escarpments as well as fields of Isidella elongata on sedimentary bathyal bottoms. Trawling is the main demersal fishery developed around SO and AM, which are targeted to deep water crustaceans: Parapenaeus longirostris, Nephrops norvegicus, and Aristeus antennatus. This study provides scientific information for the proposal of the Mallorca Channel seamounts as a Site of Community Importance and for its final declaration as a Special Area of Conservation

Comorbidity between obsessive-compulsive disorder and body dysmorphic disorder: prevalence, explanatory theories, and clinical characterization

Álvaro Frías,1,2 Carol Palma,1,2 Núria Farriols,1,2 Laura González2 1FPCEE Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, 2Adult Outpatient Mental Health Center, Hospital de Mataró – CSdM, Mataró, Spain Background: With the advent of the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has been subsumed into the obsessive-compulsive disorders and related disorders (OCDRD) category. Objective: We aimed to determine the empirical evidence regarding the potential relationship between BDD and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) based on the prevalence data, etiopathogenic pathways, and clinical characterization of patients with both disorders. Method: A comprehensive search of databases (PubMed and PsycINFO) was performed. Published manuscripts between 1985 and May 2015 were identified. Overall, 53 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. Results: Lifetime comorbidity rates of BDD–OCD are almost three times higher in samples with a primary diagnosis of BDD than those with primary OCD (27.5% vs 10.4%). However, other mental disorders, such as social phobia or major mood depression, are more likely among both types of psychiatric samples. Empirical evidence regarding the etiopathogenic pathways for BDD–OCD comorbidity is still inconclusive, whether concerning common shared features or one disorder as a risk factor for the other. Specifically, current findings concerning third variables show more divergences than similarities when comparing both disorders. Preliminary data on the clinical characterization of the patients with BDD and OCD indicate that the deleterious clinical impact of BDD in OCD patients is greater than vice versa. Conclusion: Despite the recent inclusion of BDD within the OCDRD, data from comparative studies between BDD and OCD need further evidence for supporting this nosological approach. To better define this issue, comparative studies between BDD, OCD, and social phobia should be carried out. Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, comorbidit

Evaluación de la inteligencia emocional en sujetos con psicopatología : resultados preliminares usando el TMMS-24 y el MSCEIT

Se presentan unos resultados preliminares respecto a la conveniencia del empleo de diferentes instrumentos para evaluar la Inteligencia Emocional (IE) en población con psicopatología. Método: 62 pacientes con agorafobia, distimia o adicción a la cocaína fueron evaluados con un cuestionario de autoinforme para la IE Percibida, el TMMS-24 y con un instrumento de ejecución, el MSCEIT. Resultados: Las puntuaciones de los grupos en ambas escalas se situaban en la normalidad o por debajo. Mientras ninguno de los subfactores del TMMS-24 discriminaba entre los grupos clínicos, varios subfactores y la escala total del MSCEIT lo hacía de forma significativa, presentando el grupo de los distímicos la IE más baja de los tres grupos. Las correlaciones entre las subescalas de los dos instrumentos no fueron significativas a excepción de una. Discusión: los resultados indican que los dos instrumentos miden aspectos diferentes de la inteligencia emocional; además se sugiere que parece más adecuado el uso del MSCEIT con población clínic

Primeros episodios psicóticos: características clínicas y patrones de consumo de sustancias en pacientes ingresados en una unidad de agudos

Objetivo: observar y describir las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y patrones de consumo de sustancias que presentan los pacientes ingresados por primer episodio psicótico. Método: se incluyeron todos los ingresos realizados de primeros episodios psicóticos entre enero de 2000 y setiembre de 2003. La muestra final estuvo formada por 82 pacientes que ingresaron en la unidad de agudos del servicio de psiquiatría del Hospital de Mataró. Resultados: Del total de la muestra, un 56% de pacientes presentaron abuso de sustancias tóxicas en los últimos años de entre los cuales un 23.2% manifestó un aumento de dicho consumo durante las últimas tres semanas anteriores al ingreso psiquiátrico. Se observa una correlación significativa entre el aumento del consumo de sustancias en las tres últimas semanas y la duración del ingreso psiquiátrico (p=.043, r de Pearson). También entre los antecedentes de consumo de drogas y un debut más temprano del trastorno psicótico (p=.02). Conclusiones: El consumo de drogas en los trastornos psicóticos nos conduce directamente a la eterna reflexión de si la correlación que encontramos entre ambas variables podría ir más allá de una mera asociación y que el consumo fuese un factor predictivo del inicio o de la transición al primer episodio psicótico

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL SUBMARINE FEATURES IN THE MENORCA CHANNEL (WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN)

Based on geophysical (multibeam echosounder and very high resolution parametric profiles) and sedimentological (Shipek dredge) data acquired during the INTEMARESCANAL0419 expedition, different geomorphologic features have been identified. The study area is located in the continental shelf of the Menorca Channel between 37 and 116 m water depth (mwd). Shallower zones are dominated by lense shaped bedforms, up to 1 m high. They are characterized by very low backscatter values. Also small circular -or slightly elongated- mounds are very frequent morphologies occurring up to 100 mwd. Their sizes range from 1 to 5 m high and 20 to 80 m of diameter with high backscatter values. The most prominent morphological features at intermediate depths are a set of channels that dig in the shelf from 60 to 90 mwd. They show vertical walls and extend up to several km. In the parametric profiles, paleochannels filled by a sedimentary layer approximately 30 ms (two-way time) thick can be observed. The deepest zones are characterized by an erosive surface covered by a thin layer of no consolidated sediments. A visual analysis of the samples shows that sediments are characterized by coarse sand and gravel mainly composed of biogenic particles (carbonated fragmented bioclasts). Higher values of backscatter correspond to samples with a variable abundance of rhodoliths whereas lower values correspond to sands. The variety of morphological features can be mainly related to erosive and depositional Quaternary processes in the continental. Benthic communities strongly influence sediment composition, which was found to be characterized by a high carbonate content

Trawling footprint and diversity of benthic communities in the Menorca Channel (western Mediterranean).

It is well known that bottom trawling affects the abiotic (seafloor morphology, sediment resuspension, water turbidity) and biotic components (biodiversity, biomass and production) of habitats. However, comparative studies on the effect of trawling on epibenthic communities of sedimentary bottoms are scarce. One of the objectives of LIFE IP INTEMARES project is to assess the impact of bottom trawling on vulnerable benthic habitats of the circalittoral bottoms of the Menorca Channel (western Mediterranean), designated Site of Community Importance (SCI) within the Natura 2000 network. The present study compares the benthic communities of four areas subjected to different bottom trawl fishing intensity levels (null, intermediate and high). The assignment of fishing effort levels was based on the fishing effort distribution in the area calculated from Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data. The biological samples were collected from 46 beam trawl stations sampled during a scientific survey on April 2019. In order to detect differences related to the different levels of fishing intensity, we calculated four “traditional” diversity indices (i.e. species richness, Margalef’s richness, Pielou’s evenness and Shannon’s diversity), and the recently developed N90 diversity index, which has shown to be useful in the detection of the response of demersal and benthic communities to fishing pressure. Our results show the highest values of all the analyzed indices in the nonimpacted area, suggesting a negative effect of bottom trawling on the benthic communities present in Menorca Channel. However, no clear pattern was observed between different degrees of trawling intensity and diversity values, so other factors such as environmental conditions must be also considered to explain these results