A nova proposta da FIFA para regular os Agentes de Futebol

Nos últimos anos, os Intermediários e Agentes de futebol têm merecido um elevado destaque nos media devido aos negócios que promovem e os respetivos volumes financeiros envolvidos. Após a “desregulamentação” da atividade e as consequências verificadas com a aplicação do FIFA Regulations on Working with Intermediaries em 2015, como o aumento substancial das comissões pagas e os conflitos de interesse existentes, a Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) recuou e apresentou um conjunto de novas propostas para “voltar a regular” a atividade dos agentes de futebol, com o intuito de aumentar a transparência e integridade neste setor. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral a análise da nova proposta da FIFA para regular a atividade dos agentes e tentar perspetivar o futuro da atividade. Nos objetivos específicos, pretendemos caraterizar o perfil dos Intermediários em Portugal, perceber as medidas consensuais e conflituantes da proposta, identificar através das respostas dos Intermediários medidas que no entender destes seriam mais positivas do que as conflituantes e, ainda, compreender as consequências desta proposta para o futuro da atividade e dos seus intervenientes. Metodologicamente, foram utilizados métodos quantitativos e qualitativos através de inquérito por questionário em formato online aplicado ao universo dos Intermediários registados na Federação Portuguesa de Futebol (FPF), recorrendo a uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência. Através deste método de recolha de dados, foram obtidas 11 respostas por parte dos inquiridos. Para o tratamento dos dados, foram utilizadas técnicas de estatística descritiva, bem como métodos qualitativos de análise de conteúdo. Os contributos científicos, teóricos e profissionais deste estudo centram-se no caráter pioneiro no âmbito académico em Portugal, pelo que será o primeiro a abordar a nova proposta da FIFA para a regulamentação da atividade dos agentes e que contará com a colaboração de profissionais da área para se compreender melhor esta proposta e as suas consequências para o futuro da atividade; FIFA’s new proposal to regulate Football Agents - ABSTRACT: In recent years, Intermediaries and Football Agents have been highlighted in the media due to the businesses they promote and the respective financial volumes involved. After the “deregulation” of the activity and the consequences seen with the application of the FIFA Regulations on Working with Intermediaries in 2015, such as the substantial increase in commissions paid and the existing conflicts of interest, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) retreated and presented a set of new measures. to re-regulate the activity of football agents, with the aim of increasing transparency and integrity in this sector. This study has as its general objective the analysis of FIFA’s new proposal to regulate the activity of agents and try to envision the future of the activity. In the specific objectives, we intend to characterize the profile of Intermediaries in Portugal, understand the consensual and conflicting measures of the proposal, identify through the responses of the Intermediaries, measures that in their opinion would be more positive than the conflicting ones and, also, understand the consequences of this proposal for the future of the activity and its stakeholders. Methodologically, quantitative and qualitative methods were used through an online survey by questionnaire applied to the universe of Intermediaries registered with the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF), resorting to a non-probabilistic convenience sample. Through this data collection method, 11 responses were obtained from respondents. For data treatment, descriptive statistics techniques were used, as well as qualitative methods of content analysis. The scientific, theoretical and professional contributions of this study focus on the pioneering nature of the academic field in Portugal, so it will be the first to address FIFA's new proposal for the regulation of agents' activity, which will have the collaboration of professionals in the field. to better understand this proposal and its consequences for the future of the activity; La nueva propuesta de la FIFA para regular a los Agentes de Fútbol - RESUMEN: En los últimos años, los Intermediarios y Agentes de Fútbol han merecido un alto perfil en los medios de comunicación debido a los negocios que promueven y los respectivos volúmenes financieros involucrados. Tras la “desregulación” de la actividad y las consecuencias constatadas con la aplicación del FIFA Regulations on Working with Intermediaries en 2015, como el aumento sustancial de las comisiones pagadas y los conflictos de intereses existentes, la Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) retrocedió y presentó un conjunto de nuevas propuestas para “re-regular” la actividad de los agentes de fútbol, con el objetivo de aumentar la transparencia y la integridad en este sector. Este estudio tiene como objetivo general el análisis de la nueva propuesta de la FIFA para regular la actividad de los agentes y tratar de vislumbrar el futuro de la actividad. En los objetivos específicos, pretendemos caracterizar el perfil de los Intermediarios en Portugal, comprender las medidas consensuadas y conflictivas de la propuesta, identificar a través de las respuestas de los Intermediarios medidas que, en su opinión, serían más positivas que las conflictivas, y también , compreender las consecuencias de esta propuesta para el futuro de la actividad y sus partes interessadas. Metodológicamente, se utilizaron métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos a través de una encuesta por cuestionario en formato online aplicado al universo de Intermediarios registrados en la Federación Portuguesa de Fútbol (FPF), utilizando una muestra no probabilística por conveniência. A través de este método de recolección de datos, se obtuvieron 11 respuestas de los encuestados. Para el tratamiento de los datos se utilizaron técnicas estadísticas descriptivas, así como métodos cualitativos de análisis de contenido. Las aportaciones científicas, teóricas y profesionales de este estudio se centran en su carácter pionero en el ámbito académico en Portugal, por lo que será el primero en abordar la nueva propuesta de la FIFA para la regulación de la actividad de los agentes y que contará con la colaboración de profesionales del área para comprender mejor esta propuesta y sus consecuencias para el futuro de la actividad

El estrés de los enfermeros que actúan en una unidad de terapia intensiva

The present study aimed to identify the presence of stress in nurses working in intensive care units, the stressing agents and symptoms associated to the nurses' perceptions of stress, and to assess the correlation between the occurrence of stress, sources of stress, and symptoms shown by the nurses. Seventy-five nurses took part in the study. the data were collected from questionnaires, analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficients, and adjusted by general linear models. the study showed the presence of stress related to work dissatisfaction, activities regarded as critical situations in intensive care units, symptoms related to cardiovascular, digestive and musculoskeletal disorders. the conclusion is that stress is present in nurses' activities in intensive care units, related to characteristics of the health area itself, causing dissatisfaction and stress-related symptoms.O presente estudo teve como objetivos identificar a presença de estresse em enfermeiros que trabalham em unidades de terapia intensiva, identificar os agentes estressores e sintomas associados à percepção do enfermeiro ao estresse e avaliar a correlação entre a presença de estresse, fontes de estresse e sintomas apresentados pelos enfermeiros. Setenta e cinco enfermeiros participaram do estudo. Os dados foram obtidos por questionário. A analise foi realizada através do uso de coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e ajustados modelos lineares generalizados. O estudo mostrou a presença de estresse correlacionado à insatisfação com o trabalho, atividades consideradas como situações críticas em unidade de terapia intensiva, os sintomas relacionados às alterações cardiovasculares, aparelho digestivo e músculo-esquelético. A compreensão final é que o estresse está presente na atividade do enfermeiro em unidade de terapia intensiva, correlacionado com fatores pertinentes ao setor, gerando insatisfação com a profissão e sintomas ligados ao estresse.Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Stress in nurses working in intensive care units

O presente estudo teve como objetivos identificar a presença de estresse em enfermeiros que trabalham em unidades de terapia intensiva, identificar os agentes estressores e sintomas associados à percepção do enfermeiro ao estresse e avaliar a correlação entre a presença de estresse, fontes de estresse e sintomas apresentados pelos enfermeiros. Setenta e cinco enfermeiros participaram do estudo. Os dados foram obtidos por questionário. A analise foi realizada através do uso de coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e ajustados modelos lineares generalizados. O estudo mostrou a presença de estresse correlacionado à insatisfação com o trabalho, atividades consideradas como situações críticas em unidade de terapia intensiva, os sintomas relacionados às alterações cardiovasculares, aparelho digestivo e músculo-esquelético. A compreensão final é que o estresse está presente na atividade do enfermeiro em unidade de terapia intensiva, correlacionado com fatores pertinentes ao setor, gerando insatisfação com a profissão e sintomas ligados ao estresse.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: identificar la presencia de estrés en enfermeros que trabajan en unidades de terapia intensiva; identificar a los agentes estresantes y a los síntomas asociados al estrés, según la percepción del enfermero; y, evaluar la correlación entre la presencia del estrés, las fuentes del estrés y los síntomas presentados por los enfermeros. Setenta y cinco enfermeros participaron del estudio. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de cuestionarios. El análisis fue realizado utilizando los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson y ajustando con modelos lineales generalizados. El estudio mostró la presencia de estrés correlacionado a: la insatisfacción en el trabajo; a las actividades consideradas como situaciones críticas en unidad de terapia intensiva; a los síntomas relacionados con alteraciones cardiovasculares; al aparato digestivo y a los músculos del esqueleto. La conclusión del estudio es que el estrés está presente en la actividad del enfermero en las unidades de terapia intensiva y está correlacionado a factores pertinentes al sector, generando insatisfacción con la profesión y presentando síntomas correlacionados al estrés.The present study aimed to identify the presence of stress in nurses working in intensive care units, the stressing agents and symptoms associated to the nurses' perceptions of stress, and to assess the correlation between the occurrence of stress, sources of stress, and symptoms shown by the nurses. Seventy-five nurses took part in the study. The data were collected from questionnaires, analyzed with the Pearson correlation coefficients, and adjusted by general linear models. The study showed the presence of stress related to work dissatisfaction, activities regarded as critical situations in intensive care units, symptoms related to cardiovascular, digestive and musculoskeletal disorders. The conclusion is that stress is present in nurses' activities in intensive care units, related to characteristics of the health area itself, causing dissatisfaction and stress-related symptoms

Evolução da produção de carne suína no Brasil: uma análise estrutural-diferencial

The objective of this paper is to analyze the production shares of the main Brazilian states (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and Goiás) in the national production of inspected and total pork meat in the period from 2000 to 2006. The analysis considered the evolution of the production in terms of the regional effects, and indicators of the technical evolution of the production. The theoretical model used is the induced innovation model, based on agricultural modernization theory. The analysis method was the shift-share model. The results showed that the pork Brazilian production presented important transformations. Although the total production of pork meat has presented significant growth, the inspected production showed superior dynamism. The production is moving to regions closed to raw material supplying areas. The result is a production modernization dynamics in the areas of agricultural border, trend that had already been verified in the bovine livestock.Local factor, Technological factor, Shift-Share model, Pork meat, Livestock Production/Industries,

Oxygen Control for an Industrial Pilot-Scale Fed-Batch Filamentous Fungal Fermentation

Industrial filamentous fungal fermentations are typically operated in fed- batch mode. Oxygen control represents an important operational challenge due to the varying biomass concentration. In this study, oxygen control is implemented by manipulating the substrate feed rate, i.e. the rate of oxygen consumption. It turns out that the setpoint for dissolved oxygen represents a trade-off since a low dissolved oxygen value favors productivity but can also induce oxygen limitation. This paper addresses the regulation of dissolved oxygen using a cascade control scheme that incorporates auxiliary measurements to improve the control performance. The computation of an appropriate setpoint profile for dissolved oxygen is solved via process optimization. For that purpose, an existing morphologically structured model is extended to include the effects of both low levels of oxygen on growth and medium rheological properties on oxygen transfer. Experimental results obtained at the industrial pilot-scale level confirm the efficiency of the proposed control strategy but also illustrate the shortcomings of the process model at hand for optimizing the dissolved oxygen setpoints

Development and application of a high throughput carbohydrate profiling technique for analyzing plant cell wall polysaccharides and carbohydrate active enzymes

BACKGROUND: Plant cell wall polysaccharide composition varies substantially between species, organs and genotypes. Knowledge of the structure and composition of these polysaccharides, accompanied by a suite of well characterised glycosyl hydrolases will be important for the success of lignocellulosic biofuels. Current methods used to characterise enzymatically released plant oligosaccharides are relatively slow. RESULTS: A method and software was developed allowing the use of a DNA sequencer to profile oligosaccharides derived from plant cell wall polysaccharides (DNA sequencer-Assisted Saccharide analysis in High throughput, DASH). An ABI 3730xl, which can analyse 96 samples simultaneously by capillary electrophoresis, was used to separate fluorophore derivatised reducing mono- and oligo-saccharides from plant cell walls. Using electrophoresis mobility markers, oligosaccharide mobilities were standardised between experiments to enable reproducible oligosaccharide identification. These mobility markers can be flexibly designed to span the mobilities of oligosaccharides under investigation, and they have a fluorescence emission that is distinct from that of the saccharide labelling. Methods for relative and absolute quantitation of oligosaccharides are described. Analysis of a large number of samples is facilitated by the DASHboard software which was developed in parallel. Use of this method was exemplified by comparing xylan structure and content in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants affected in xylan synthesis. The product profiles of specific xylanases were also compared in order to identify enzymes with unusual oligosaccharide products. CONCLUSIONS: The DASH method and DASHboard software can be used to carry out large-scale analyses of the compositional variation of plant cell walls and biomass, to compare plants with mutations in plant cell wall synthesis pathways, and to characterise novel carbohydrate active enzymes