Association between organizational justice and productivity of human resources: a study at the Jundishapur Medical Sciences University of Ahvaz

Objective: From the management perspective, productivity is defined as the successful utilization of resources to achieve the desired goals. training and improvement of human resources are one of the several ways for increasing the productivity of human resources. Organizational justice is another factor affecting the productivity but has received little or no consideration. Organizational justice refers to the perceptions of employees about the fairness and fair behavior of the management on the job. Justice processes play an important role in all organizations. Besides, the manner in which the organizations deal with their employees can greatly influence their beliefs, feelings, attitudes, and behavior This correlational descriptive study aims to determine the association between organizational justice and productivity of human resources in Jundishapur Medical Sciences University of Ahvaz.Methods: 376 employees of the university were randomly sampled. Persian version of Niehoff and Moorman's organizational justice questionnaire and Hersey and Goldsmith's human resources productivity questionnaire were used for data collection.Results: The results of this study based on the dimensions of organizational justice indicated that the perception of total organizational justice among the included employees was relatively inappropriate, and only the dimension of interactional justice was estimated to be in the relatively appropriate condition.The study also showed a positive and significant association between organizational justice and human resources' productivity.Conclusions: As the organizational justice scenario is bad, therforeit is essential that the managers ensure a fair and just environment for the employees. This is essential to maximize the efficiency and productivity of the employees to achieve organizational goals. It was found that that the higher the perception of organizational justice especially procedural justice, the more was the productivity index in the organization. In addition, a medium, positive, and significant association was observed between distributive justice and the productivity of the employees.Keywords: Organizational Justice, Human Resources, Productivity, Administration, Workforc

Satisfaction with hearing aids based on technology and style among hearing impaired persons

Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most disabling impairments. Using a hearing aid as an attempt to improve the hearing problem can positively affect the quality of life for these people. This research was aimed to assess satisfaction of hearing impaired patients with their hearing aids regarding the employed technology and style. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional research was conducted on 187 subjects with hearing loss who were using a hearing aid. The subjects were over 18 years of age and were using a hearing aid for at least 6 months. The Persian version of Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) questionnaire was the instrument which was used for assessing satisfaction with the hearing aid. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.80 for instrument reliability. Results: A significant difference was observed among satisfaction subscales' mean scores with hearing aid technology. Also a significant difference was observed between the total satisfaction score and the hearing aid model. With respect to the analysis of satisfaction with the hearing aid and its style, cost and services was the only subscale which showed a significant difference (P=0.005). Conclusion: Respondents using hearing aids with different technology and style were estimated to be quite satisfied. Training audiologists in using more appropriate and fitting hearing aids in addition to using self-reporting questionnaires like SADL for estimating patients' social condition and participation in their life can essentially change their disability condition and countervail their hearing loss

An Assessment of Changes in the Magnesium Level During Gynecological Abdominal Surgeries

Background: Magnesium (Mg) is the fourth most common cation in the human body and the second most intracellular cation after potassium. It has a fundamental role in several vital functions. As this essential ion is not measured in routine chemistry panels, little is known about its alterations during intraoperative time.Aim: The present study was designed to determine the negative eff ects of postoperative hypomagnesemia during and after surgeries.Subject and Methods: This study was a descriptive interventional study involving 74 patients. All patients underwent gynecological abdominal surgeries, and anesthesia protocols were standardized to comprise general and spinal anesthesia. All the patients were aged between 25 and 45 years, with ASA class I and II. Their total serum Mg level was measured 1 h before and 2 h after the surgery. The total serum Mg, calcium, and albumin level were measured by photometric methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 (Chicago Illinois, (USA). Inferential statistic was done using Vilksonnon-parametric and Pearson’s correlation test. P<0.05 were considered as significant.Results: The mean serum Mg levels were 1.87 (0.32) mg/dl before and 1.55 (0.34) mg/dl after the surgeries (The normal range: = 1.7-2.5 mg/dl). Results illustrated a significant hypomagnesemia after operations. Conclusion: Clinical impact of hypomagnesemia during surgeries needs to be studied further. Moreover, surgeons should be warned about the severity of probable electrolyte imbalances induced by perioperative events to decrease associated morbidities. Keywords: ASA, cation, gynecologic surgeries, magnesium, magnesium level, photometric method, standardized anesthesia, surgerie

A meta-synthesis review of occupant comfort assessment in buildings (2002-2022)

Occupant comfort in buildings is one of the most crucial considerations in designing a building. Accordingly, there is a growing interest in this area. Aspects of comfort include thermal comfort, visual comfort, acoustic comfort, and indoor air quality (IAQ) satisfaction. The objective of this state-of-the-art review was to provide a comprehensive, explicit, and up-to-date literature review on occupant comfort in buildings, since this issue has a great impact on the lifestyle, health, and productivity of occupants. A meta-synthesis method was also used for an analytical-interpretive review of previous studies. In this research, scientific research studies related to the subject of indoor occupant comfort in the period 2002–2022 were reviewed. Previous reviews have often covered the fundamental concepts and principles related to indoor occupant comfort. Although innumerable studies have focused on thermal comfort, other aspects of occupant comfort have not been considered. The review is analyzed and discussed in reference to type of study, case study geographical locations and climate zones, case study building types, decision-making models, assessment criteria, datacollection tools, and data analysis strategies. Finally, future research recommendations are presented. Through the review, we find that the comfort models used in research are mostly based on comfort perception votes collected from experimental studies, which may not reflect the preferences of users well. In addition, only the influence of environmental factors on the models has been investigated, and other personal factors have been ignored. This study presents a useful guide for researchers to determine their outlines for future research in this field

A constructability assessment model based on BIM in urban renewal projects in limited lands

One of the most significant concerns in urban development today is the organization of areas of cities that have become run-down over time. In order to complete previous constructability studies in other fields of construction, the current study evaluates constructability based on BIM, specifically in the context of the Tehran limited land renewal project. The motivation for this study is the current difficulties facing renewal designs for limited lands, and the lack of a quantitative constructability model for urban renewal projects in Iran. This paper aims (1) to discuss the design elements that should be considered in the design phase of urban renewal projects; (2) to identify the factors that may affect constructability; and (3) to propose a framework for assessing urban renewal designs by considering constructability factors using building information modeling (BIM). To meet these needs, this paper investigates constructability factors and their relative importance, considering the design elements that should be acknowledged in limited land renewal, using a multicriteria techniques. Some 28 constructability factors are identified through a literature review, and based on 52 responses received from a questionnaire survey, the factors are ranked using pairwise comparisons of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The final constructability factors that are identified through the technique for order preference using the similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method are standard dimensions, safety, simplification of structure, resource intelligence and alignment, and skilled labor availability. The contribution of this research to the body of knowledge is, firstly, the development of constructability factors for measuring the constructability of urban renewal designs, and secondly, the introduction of BIM as a most beneficial tool for assessing the constructability of the proposed designs. In using the constructability assessment framework and identifying the trade-offs between the constructability of renewal projects in the limited areas of urban spaces, design alternatives become more feasible

The Effect of Low‑Dose Ketamine (Preemptive Dose) on Postcesarean Section Pain Relief

Background: Postsurgical pain is the main cause of anxiety in patients; therefore, analgesics (adjuvants) such as preemptive doses of ketamine with minimal adverse effects would be beneficial. However, studies are needed regarding their efficacy. Aim: To determine the preemptive effect of intravenous ketamine on pain intensity and need to opioids in cesarean section which performed under spinal anesthesia. Subjects and Methods: The study was a randomized, double‑blinded, clinical trial involving 60 term parturients for cesarean, using random block method, they were divided into two groups of each. The case group received ketamine with dose of 0.2 mg/kg and the control one normal saline with the same volume. Pain intensity was compared in 0,30,60,90,120,150, and 180 min and 6,12,18, and 24 h after surgeries with visual analog scale (VAS) index. The average opioid usage was compared during 24 h after those too. Final analyses were done with Mann‑Whitney, Chi‑square, and Spss.v. 16 (P < 0.05 was meaningful level). Results: There was not significant statistical difference on average VAS during interrupted times (F = 0.15, P = 0.70). Average dosage of diclofenac suppository and mean time for taking the first dosage of opioids have not statistical difference too (respectively; P = 0.76, P = 0.87). Average dose of pethidine was lesser than placebo statistically. It means, the case group did not take pethidine but this amount was 6 (20%) in the control one (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Taking the preemptive dosage of ketamine (0.2 mg/kg) before cesarean could act as a probably model for decreasing opioid consumption. Keywords: Ketamine, low dose, pain relief, preemptiv

Subjective and simulation-based analysis of discomfort glare metrics in office buildings with light shelf systems

Glare is a kind of physiological phenomenon that influences occupants’ visual comfort. Discomfort glare scenes in comparison to other levels of glare have been difficult to estimate and need accurate and reliable metrics. In contemporary architecture, the glass façade is so popular since it can remarkably minimize energy consumption in buildings and maximize daylight utilization as a natural energy. However, it is necessary to consider occupants’ visual discomfort due to the daylighting glare risks during the initial stage of design. Since the measured glare metrics should have an acceptable correlation with the human subject data study, the agreement on the glare indices is complicated. This paper presents a comparison between subjective and simulation-based analysis of discomfort glare metrics in offices with a light shelf system. The discomfort glare metrics considered in this study include Daylight Glare Index (DGI), CIE Glare Index (CGI), Visual Comfort Probability (VCP), Unified Glare Rating (UGR), and Daylight Glare Probability (DGP). The parallel comparison was conducted by using simulation and questionnaire surveys to determine which criteria are more useful under different conditions. According to the findings, DGP yields the most reliable results in different levels of glare based on the subjective analysis and VCP has the lowest accuracy in each stage. UGR also has the highest accuracy rate for evaluating perceptible glare, DGI is applicable for assessing imperceptible glare, and CGI can be an acceptable index for approximating intolerable glare. The study results significantly reduce the complexity of the problem and can provide useful guidance for designers to select the most reliable glare metric based on climatic conditions

Processing and characterization of nanostructured Grade 2 Ti processed by combination of warm isothermal ECAP and extrusion

In this study, combined multi pass equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), and subsequent warm extrusion at different temperatures are performed on commercial purity titanium. Mechanical and microstructural evolutions are then investigated. Since it was observed that the four passes ECAP processed sample showed the best strength and reasonable elongation, this sample was selected for studying the extrusion temperature effects on the structure and mechanical properties of Grade 2 titanium. Therefore, the 4th passes ECAP processed sample was extruded at different temperatures of 300 °C, 350 °C, 400 °C, 450 °C and 500 °C. The result revealed that the best mechanical properties were achieved from the specimen processed by four passes ECAP followed by warm extrusion at 300 °C. The strength, and hardness of this sample were considerably improved in comparison with that of the unprocessed sample. Also, its ultra-fine grained and nanograined microstructure were homogeneous, with a grain size ranged from 40 to 200 nm with an average grain size of about 123 nm. It was seen that the mechanical properties of some samples after applying this combined process (ECAP + warm extrusion) are comparable with those of Grade 5 titanium which is commonly used in medical applications but contains alloying elements that are toxic to human health