287 research outputs found
Adaptive Neural Network Robust Control for Space Robot with Uncertainty
The trajectory tracking problems of a class of space robot manipulators with parameters and non-parameters uncertainty are considered. An adaptive robust control algorithm based on neural network is proposed by the paper. Neutral network is used to adaptive learn and compensate the unknown system for parameters uncertainties, the weight adaptive laws are designed by the paper, System stability base on Lyapunov theory is analysised to ensure the convergence of the algorithm. Non-parameters uncertainties are estimated and compensated by robust controller. It is proven that the designed controller can guarantee the asymptotic convergence of tracking error. The controller could guarantee good robust and the stability of closed-loop system. The simulation results show that the presented method is effective
Data Source and Converter for 1990−1995−2000 Linked China−Japan International Input−Output Table
The purpose of this research is analyzing the recent trend and structural changes of the mutual−dependence relation of China and Japan, by estimating China−Japan International Input−Output Table of 2000 and creating 1990−1995−2000 Linked China−Japan International Input−Output Table at the same time. For the preparation of China−Japan International Input−Output Table, examining the common section classification (Converter) is the preferential topic. The setting of this converter in the input−output table is a thing about intertemporal and different economic systems. In this paper, by explaining China−Japan International Input−Output Table’s estimation and the statistic data and clarifying the differences between these statistical data and classification methods of different years, the setting of common section classification is examined
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Evidence linking exposure of fish primary macrophages to antibiotics activates the NF-kB pathway.
Low doses of antibiotics are ubiquitous in the marine environment and may exert negative effects on non-target aquatic organisms. Using primary macrophages of common carp, we investigated the mechanisms of action following exposure to several common antibiotics; cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfamonomethoxine, and their mixtures, and explored the immunomodulatory effects associated with the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. A KEGG pathway analysis was conducted using the sixty-six differentially expressed genes found in all treatments, and showed that exposure to 100 μg/L of antibiotics could affect regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that activation of NF-κB is a common response in all four classes of antibiotics. In addition, the four antibiotics induced nf-κb and NF-κB-associated cytokines expression, as verified by qPCR, however, these induction responses by four antibiotics were minor when compared to the same concentration of LPS treatment (100 μg/L). Antagonists of NF-κB blocked many of the immune effects of the antibiotics, providing evidence that NF-κB pathways mediate the actions of all four antibiotics. Moreover, exposure to environmentally relevant, low levels (0.01-100 μg/L) of antibiotics induced a NF-κB-mediated immune response, including endogenous generation of ROS, activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as expression of cytokine and apoptosis. Moreover, exposure to mixtures of antibiotics presented greater effects on most tested immunological parameters than exposure to a single antibiotic, suggesting additive effects from multiple antibiotics in the environment. This study demonstrates that exposure of fish primary macrophages to low doses of antibiotics activates the NF-kB pathway
Propagating Surface Plasmon Polaritons: Towards Applications for Remote-Excitation Surface Catalytic Reactions
Plasmonics is a well-established field, exploiting the interaction of light and metals at the nanoscale; with the help of surface plasmon polaritons, remote-excitation can also be observed by using silver or gold plasmonic waveguides. Recently, plasmonic catalysis was established as a new exciting platform for heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Recent reports present remote-excitation surface catalytic reactions as a route to enhance the rate of chemical reactions, and offer a pathway to control surface catalytic reactions. In this review, we focus on recent advanced reports on silver plasmonic waveguide for remote-excitation surface catalytic reactions. First, the synthesis methods and characterization techniques of sivelr nanowire plasmonic waveguides are summarized, and the properties and physical mechanisms of plasmonic waveguides are presented in detail. Then, the applications of plasmonic waveguides including remote excitation fluorescence and SERS are introduced, and we focus on the field of remote-excitation surface catalytic reactions. Finally, forecasts are made for possible future applications for the remote-excitation surface catalysis by plasmonic waveguides in living cells
Soil Organic Carbon Pool and the Production of Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum L.) as Affected by Different Fertilizer Combinations Under Drip Fertigation
Goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.), widely planted in arid to semi-arid regions, are a functional resource characterized by a homology of medicine and food. Changing extensive water and fertilizer management practices to drip fertigation is one of the most cost-effective ways to achieve the sustainable development of the Goji berry industry. This study explores the effects of different fertilizer combinations on the soil organic carbon pool and L. barbarum yield under drip fertigation in Ningxia, northwestern China. A two-year field experiment (2017–2019) was conducted using different levels of drip nitrogen (40, 60, and 80 mg L−1) and phosphorus (10, 20, and 30 mg L−1) fertigation. Compared with traditional manual fertilization (control), soil organic carbon contents in the 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm layers increased by 33.6–144.4, 39.6–136.8, and 14.0–73.6%, respectively, across all fertigation treatments. With increasing levels of fertigation, the easily oxidizable organic carbon content increased most prominently in the 0–20 cm soil layer and reached the highest value (538 mg kg−1) under treatment with 60 mg L−1 nitrogen plus 10 mg L−1 phosphorus. The microbial biomass carbon contents in the 20–60 cm soil layer was markedly higher under treatment with 60 mg L−1 nitrogen plus 30 mg L−1 phosphorus compared with other treatments. Fertigation increased the soil carbon pool management index and L. barbarum yield. The highest two-year average yield (13,890 kg ha−1) was obtained under treatment with 60 mg L−1 nitrogen plus 30 mg L−1 phosphorus. These findings suggest that drip fertigation with 60 mg L−1 nitrogen plus 30 mg L−1 phosphorus is the optimal practice for carbon sequestration and sustainable production of L. barbarum in arid regions
Development of EST-based SNP and InDel markers and their utilization in tetraploid cotton genetic mapping
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