Effect of live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) administration on apparent digestibility of horses

Six mares were divided into two groups of three subjects each in a crossover design on the basis of body weight and age: Control(C)fedabasaldiet,Treatment(T)fedabasaldietand2 Control (C) fed a basal diet, Treatment (T) fed a basal diet and 2 2 g/head/d of live yeast ((S. cerevisiae 4.6x1010 CFU/day).Theexperimentaldesignwasdividedintotwo ).Theexperimentaldesignwasdividedintotwo . The experimental design was divided into two periods named period 1 and period 2 respectively of 35d each, and consisting of 3 different phases. Dur- ing each period all animals were subject to an adaptation phase of 14d (phase1); during phase 2 (18d) and phase 3 live yeast was administered (T) or not (C). Phase 3 consisted in a three days individual fecal collection period all the groups, in order to determine dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, NDF and ADF apparent digestion rates using acid insoluble ash (AIA) as internal marker (Bergero et al., 2005). Results obtained evidenced as the administration of S. cerevisiae to mature horses resulted in increased digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, NDF, and ADF

Prevalence and biomolecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. isolated from retail meat.

We estimated the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in retail meat (n = 352 samples; 104 chicken, 106 pork, and 142 beef) collected in Campobasso, Italy, comparing two microbiological methods. All the isolates were characterized by biomolecular techniques for epidemiological purposes. Campylobacter isolation was performed by selective culture and membrane filtration methods. Phenotypic and genotypic methods for genus and species identification were evaluated together with antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profiling. Sixty-nine (86.2%) samples were positive by selective culture, 49 (61.2%) by membrane filtration, and 38 (47.5%) by both methods. Only 74 of 80 strains were confirmed as Campylobacter spp. by PCR, and two Campylobacter coli were identified as Campylobacter jejuni . Chicken meat was more frequently contaminated than other meats. Selective culture was more sensitive than membrane filtration (85 versus 66%), and specificity of the methods was 98 and 100%, respectively. Among Campylobacter isolates from chicken meat, 86.5% were multidrug resistant. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (51.3%) and enrofloxacin (52.7%) was lower than to nalidixic acid (71.6%). C. coli strains showed the highest cross-resistance for quinolones (82.6%) and fluoroquinolones (60.9%) as well as a high resistance to tetracycline. Plasmids were isolated from six C. coli and two C. jejuni isolates, but no association was detected between antimicrobial resistance and plasmid DNA carriage. Selective culture is considered as the optimal method for Campylobacter isolation, although it was unable to detect all contaminated samples. Membrane filtration provided more specific results but with low sensitivity. A combination of both techniques may offer better results

Climate, soil management, and cultivar affect Fusarium head blight incidence and deoxynivalenol accumulation in durum wheat of Southern Italy

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a multifaceted disease caused by some species of Fusarium spp. A huge production of mycotoxins, mostly trichothecenes, often accompanied this disease. Amongst these toxic compounds, deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives represent a major issue for human as well as for animal health and farming. Common and durum wheat are amongst the hosts of trichothecene-producing Fusaria. Differences in susceptibility to fungal infection and toxin accumulation occur in wheat cultivars. Recently, increasing incidence and severity of Fusarium infection and a higher DON accumulation in durum wheat were observed in Italy, especially in Northern regions. In this study, we analyzed wheat yield, technological parameters, the incidence of Fusarium infection and DON content in kernel samples of durum wheat coming from three locations of Southern Italy with different climatic conditions and grown during two seasons, with two methods of cultivation. Four different durum wheat cultivars prevalently cultivated in Southern Italian areas were chosen for this study. Our analysis showed the effects of environment and cultivar types on wheat productivity and key technological parameters for the quality level of the end-product, namely pasta. Notably, although a low rate of mycotoxin contamination in all study sites was assessed, an inverse relation emerged between fungal infection/DON production and durum wheat yield. Further, our study pinpoints the importance of environment conditions on several quality traits of durum wheat grown under Mediterranean climate. The environmental conditions at local level (microscale) and soil management practices may drive FHB outbreak and mycotoxin contamination even in growing area suitable for cropping this wheat species

Spinal hyperbaric prilocaine vs. mepivacaine in perianal outpatient surgery

Abstrac

Aplicación de bioensayos a la evaluación ecotoxicológica de efluentes de tambo

Las aguas residuales de tambo son consideradas mezclas complejas integradas, principalmente, por sustancias excretadas por los animales y productos de limpieza. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la toxicidad de efluentes producidos durante el lavado en un tambo ovino. Para esto se aplicaron bioensayos con dos especies: Daphnia magna e Hydra plagiodesmica y se testearon muestras de efluente crudo y aireado. Los resultados mostraron una importante sensibilidad de ambas especies, sin embargo las especies no responden de igual manera ante las muestras. El efluente crudo presentó siempre niveles altos de toxicidad y la toxicidad disminuyó significativamente luego de airear las muestras lo que indica una significativa presencia de tóxicos oxidables y/o volátiles.Fil: Poggio Herrero, Ingrid Violeta. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Area de Toxicología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Quimica; ArgentinaFil: Mariame, M. P.. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Quimica; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, C.. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Quimica; ArgentinaFil: Fanelli, Silvia Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto de Limnología "dr. Raul A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología ; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Porta, A.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Fort, M.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional la Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Mastrantonio Garrido, Guido Enrique. Universidad Nacional de la Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Quimica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Area de Toxicología; Argentin

Early Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) improves the outcome in Heart Failure (HF) patients with Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB)

Not available

Early cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves the outcome in heart failure (HF) patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB).

Not available

The prevention of analgesic opioids abuse: expert opinion

Opioids are drugs of reference for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Their proper use and a periodic assessment of the patient are crucial to prevent misuse. A multidisciplinary group suggests strategies for all stakeholders involved in the management of pain and suggests the importance of the doctor-patient relationship