A Comparison of Residential and Visitor Attitudes Toward Experiential Impacts, Environmental Conditions and Management Strategies on the Delaware Inland Bays

This paper compares different attitudes toward experiential impacts on boating, environmental conditions, and proposed management strategies held by permanent residents, seasonal residents and seasonal visitors to the Delaware Inland Bays. The study found variation in opinions held by each group indicating the tourism manager should collect information from all groups before developing policy. Additionally, the manager should understand the varying impacts on boater satisfaction depending upon conditions

Legal Ethics in the Digital Age

Ms. deMaine\u27s contribution to the seminar is: Legal Ethics in the Digital Agehttps://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facbooks/1218/thumbnail.jp

DNA hypomethylation during MSC chondrogenesis occurs predominantly at enhancer regions

Regulation of transcription occurs in a cell type specific manner orchestrated by epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation. Methylation changes may also play a key role in lineage specification during stem cell differentiation. To further our understanding of epigenetic regulation in chondrocytes we characterised the DNA methylation changes during chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by Infinium 450 K methylation array. Significant DNA hypomethylation was identified during chondrogenic differentiation including changes at many key cartilage gene loci. Integration with chondrogenesis gene expression data revealed an enrichment of significant CpGs in upregulated genes, while characterisation of significant CpG loci indicated their predominant localisation to enhancer regions. Comparison with methylation profiles of other tissues, including healthy and diseased adult cartilage, identified chondrocyte-specific regions of hypomethylation and the overlap with differentially methylated CpGs in osteoarthritis. Taken together we have associated DNA methylation levels with the chondrocyte phenotype. The consequences of which has potential to improve cartilage generation for tissue engineering purposes and also to provide context for observed methylation changes in cartilage diseases such as osteoarthritis

The genome of ε15, a serotype-converting, Group E1 Salmonella enterica-specific bacteriophage

AbstractThe genome sequence of the Salmonella enterica serovar Anatum-specific, serotype-converting bacteriophage ε15 has been completed. The nonredundant genome contains 39,671 bp and 51 putative genes. It most closely resembles the genome of φV10, an Escherichia coli O157:H7-specific temperate phage, with which it shares 36 related genes. More distant relatives include the Burkholderia cepacia-specific phage, BcepC6B (8 similar genes), the Bordetella bronchiseptica-specific phage, BPP-1 (8 similar genes) and the Photobacterium profundum prophage, P Pφpr1 (6 similar genes).ε15 gene identifications based on homologies with known gene families include the terminase small and large subunits, integrase, endolysin, two holins, two DNA methylase enzymes (one adenine-specific and one cytosine-specific) and a RecT-like enzyme. Genes identified experimentally include those coding for the serotype conversion proteins, the tail fiber, the major capsid protein and the major repressor. ε15's attP site and the Salmonella attB site with which it interacts during lysogenization have also been determined

Gamma Rays and the Decay of Neutrinos from SN1987A

We calculate limits to the properties of massive, unstable neutrinos using data from gamma-ray detectors on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter Satellite; a massive neutrino emitted from SN1987A that decayed in flight and produced gamma rays would be detectable by this instruments. The lack of such a signal allows us to constrain the branching ratio to photons (\Bg), mass (\mnu), and radiative lifetime (\tau_\gamma = \tau/\Bg). For low mass (m) neutrinos decaying $\nu\rightarrow\nu'\gamma$, \Bg<3\times 10^{-7}, for \mt\lesssim 10^6 \keV\sec, and \Bg<6\times 10^{-14} \mt/\keV\sec for \mt\gtrsim 10^6 \keV\sec; limits for high-mass neutrinos are somewhat weaker due to Boltzmann suppression. We also calculate limits for decays that produce gamma rays through the \brem channel, $\nu\rightarrow\nu'e^+e^-\gamma$. In the case that neutrino mass states are nearly degenerate, $\delta m^2/m^2\ll1$, our limits for the mode $\nu\rightarrow\nu'\gamma$ become more stringent by a factor of $\delta m^2/m^2$, because more of the decay photons are shifted into the PVO detector energy window.Comment: 17 pages, 6 postscript figures, uses revtex, epsf.sty. Submitted to PRD. Also available at file://ftp.cita.utoronto.ca/cita/jaffe/papers/pvoflux.ps.g

The temporal reliability of serum estrogens, progesterone, gonadotropins, SHBG and urinary estrogen and progesterone metabolites in premenopausal women

BACKGROUND: There is little existing research to guide researchers in estimating the minimum number of measurement occasions required to obtain reliable estimates of serum estrogens, progesterone, gonadotropins, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and urinary estrogen and progesterone metabolites in premenopausal women. METHODS: Using data from a longitudinal study of 34 women with a mean age of 42.3 years (SD = 2.6), we calculated the minimum number of measurement occasions required to obtain reliable estimates of 12 analytes (8 in blood, 4 in urine). Five samples were obtained over 1 year: at baseline, and after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. We also calculated the percent of true variance accounted for by a single measurement and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between measurement occasions. RESULTS: Only 2 of the 12 analytes we examined, SHBG and estrone sulfate (E(1)S), could be adequately estimated by a single measurement using a minimum reliability standard of having the potential to account for 64% of true variance. Other analytes required from 2 to 12 occasions to account for 81% of the true variance, and 2 to 5 occasions to account for 64% of true variance. ICCs ranged from 0.33 for estradiol (E(2)) to 0.88 for SHBG. Percent of true variance accounted for by single measurements ranged from 29% for luteinizing hormone (LH) to 92% for SHBG. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental designs that take the natural variability of these analytes into account by obtaining measurements on a sufficient number of occasions will be rewarded with increased power and accuracy