Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages

Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions R(D∗)\mathcal{R}(D^{*}) and R(D0)\mathcal{R}(D^{0})

The ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})\equiv\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(\bar{B}\to D^{*}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})\equiv\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\tau^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})/\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to D^{0}\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb${ }^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode $\tau^{-}\to\mu^{-}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$. The measured values are $\mathcal{R}(D^{*})=0.281\pm0.018\pm0.024$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{0})=0.441\pm0.060\pm0.066$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these measurements is $\rho=-0.43$. Results are consistent with the current average of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb public pages

Impact of Pesticides on Human Health in the Last Six Years in Brazil

Every year, Brazil intensifies its activity in agriculture and, as a result, it has become one of the biggest consumers of pesticides in the world. The high rate of these substances raises environmental and human health concerns. Therefore, we collected papers from PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science databases, from 2015 to 2021. After a blind selection using the software Rayyan QCRI by two authors, 51 studies were included. Researchers from the South and the Southeast Brazilian regions contributed to most publications, from areas that concentrate agricultural commodity complexes. Among the pesticides described in the studies, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides were the most frequent. The articles reported multiple toxic effects, particularly in rural workers. The results obtained can be used to direct policies to reduce the use of pesticides, and to protect the health of the population

Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison em pacientes com Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 1 / Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome in pacients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

A Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison (ZES) é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de doença péptica ácida, devido à hipersecreção de ácido gástrico induzida pela liberação ectópica de gastrina por tumor neuroendócrino (NET), um gastrinoma. Cerca de 80% dos gastrinomas causadores de ZES são esporádicos, os outros 20% estão associados à Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 1 (NEM-1), doença autossômica dominante, associada à predisposição para tumores nas glândulas paratireoides, pâncreas e hipófise. Cerca de 50% dos pacientes com NEM-1 têm a Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison, logo a Neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 deve ser incluída em uma avaliação se o ZES for altamente suspeito. O trabalho objetiva identificar a ocorrência de Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison em pacientes com NEM-1, visto que os gastrinomas são forma de apresentação comum da Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipa tipo 1 e importante causa de morbimortalidade em indivíduos com a doença. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa realizada a partir de revisão sistemática da literatura atual. As bases de dados consultadas foram: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando-se os termos “Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison”, “Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 1” e “Gastrinoma”. Foram encontrados 559 artigos, dos quais 32 foram incluídos no trabalho. Os critérios determinantes da amostra: 1) Artigos com data de publicação em periódicos nos últimos 5 anos, e 2) Artigos que versavam especificamente sobre o tema. A Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison é frequente em pacientes com Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla do tipo 1, sendo de alta relevância o diagnóstico de NEM-1 em pacientes afetados pelos gastrinomas. Ressalta-se a importância do tratamento de condições como hiperparatireoidismo e descontinuação do uso de Inibidores de Bomba de Prótons por pelo menos 48h para diagnóstico confiável da ZES. É relevante considerar o uso da abordagem ultrasonográfica associada ao receptor de somatostatina-PET/CT no diagnóstico de ZES e NEM-1. A alta incidência dos gastrinomas em pacientes com Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla do tipo 1, faz seu diagnóstico precoce de suma importância para condução dos casos, visto que a abordagem terapêutica difere entre os casos individuais de Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison e os casos associados à NEM-1

Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison em pacientes com Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 1 / Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome in pacients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

A Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison (ZES) é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de doença péptica ácida, devido à hipersecreção de ácido gástrico induzida pela liberação ectópica de gastrina por tumor neuroendócrino (NET), um gastrinoma. Cerca de 80% dos gastrinomas causadores de ZES são esporádicos, os outros 20% estão associados à Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 1 (NEM-1), doença autossômica dominante, associada à predisposição para tumores nas glândulas paratireoides, pâncreas e hipófise. Cerca de 50% dos pacientes com NEM-1 têm a Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison, logo a Neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 deve ser incluída em uma avaliação se o ZES for altamente suspeito. O trabalho objetiva identificar a ocorrência de Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison em pacientes com NEM-1, visto que os gastrinomas são forma de apresentação comum da Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipa tipo 1 e importante causa de morbimortalidade em indivíduos com a doença. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa realizada a partir de revisão sistemática da literatura atual. As bases de dados consultadas foram: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando-se os termos “Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison”, “Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla tipo 1” e “Gastrinoma”. Foram encontrados 559 artigos, dos quais 32 foram incluídos no trabalho. Os critérios determinantes da amostra: 1) Artigos com data de publicação em periódicos nos últimos 5 anos, e 2) Artigos que versavam especificamente sobre o tema. A Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison é frequente em pacientes com Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla do tipo 1, sendo de alta relevância o diagnóstico de NEM-1 em pacientes afetados pelos gastrinomas. Ressalta-se a importância do tratamento de condições como hiperparatireoidismo e descontinuação do uso de Inibidores de Bomba de Prótons por pelo menos 48h para diagnóstico confiável da ZES. É relevante considerar o uso da abordagem ultrasonográfica associada ao receptor de somatostatina-PET/CT no diagnóstico de ZES e NEM-1. A alta incidência dos gastrinomas em pacientes com Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla do tipo 1, faz seu diagnóstico precoce de suma importância para condução dos casos, visto que a abordagem terapêutica difere entre os casos individuais de Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison e os casos associados à NEM-1

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Measurement of the charm mixing parameter yCP−yCPKπy_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} using two-body D0D^0 meson decays

A measurement of the ratios of the effective decay widths of $D^0 \to \pi^-\pi^+$ and $D^0 \to K^-K^+$ decays over that of $D^0 \to K^-\pi^+$ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $13 \, \mathrm{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6 \, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$. These observables give access to the charm mixing parameters $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$ and $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$, and are measured as $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.57 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.16) \times 10^{-3}$, $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (7.08 \pm 0.30 \pm 0.14) \times 10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The combination of the two measurements is $y_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.96 \pm 0.26 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-3}$, which is four times more precise than the previous world average

Measurement of the charm mixing parameter yCP−yCPKπy_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} using two-body D0D^0 meson decays

A measurement of the ratios of the effective decay widths of $D^0 \to \pi^-\pi^+$ and $D^0 \to K^-K^+$ decays over that of $D^0 \to K^-\pi^+$ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $13 \, \mathrm{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6 \, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$. These observables give access to the charm mixing parameters $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$ and $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi}$, and are measured as $y_{CP}^{\pi\pi} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.57 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.16) \times 10^{-3}$, $y_{CP}^{KK} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (7.08 \pm 0.30 \pm 0.14) \times 10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The combination of the two measurements is $y_{CP} - y_{CP}^{K\pi} = (6.96 \pm 0.26 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-3}$, which is four times more precise than the previous world average