Papel da ultra-sonografia no diagnóstico diferencial dos nódulos de tireóide.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 200

Cross-cultural adaptation of simplified version (s) of Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) and comparison between two different instruments with Brazilian versions for evaluating Behçet's Disease Activity: BR-BDCAF and BR-BDCAF(s)

OBJETIVO: Um instrumento de avaliação da atividade da Doença de Behçet (DB) denominado Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) foi originalmente elaborado em língua inglesa e adaptado para a língua portuguesa do Brasil na versão BR-BDCAF. Recentemente, um modelo simplificado desse protocolo (com 12 itens) foi apresentado pela Sociedade Internacional para a Doença de Behçet (International Society for Behçet's Disease, ISBD) para produzir um índice denominado BDAI (Behçet's Disease Activity Index). Por esse motivo, neste trabalho produzimos o modelo simplificado da versão brasileira, medimos sua confiabilidade e avaliamos a validade dos resultados de ambos os instrumentos, comparando seus desempenhos. MÉTODO: O modelo simplificado da versão brasileira BR-BDCAF, adaptada transculturalmente, foi denominado BR-BDCAF(s). Ambos os protocolos foram aplicados em 25 pacientes com DB. A confiabilidade do BR-BDCAF(s) foi avaliada através das reprodutibilidades intra e interobservadores pela estatística kappa. A validade e as propriedades diagnósticas sensibilidade(S), especificidade(E) e acurácia dos dois protocolos na definição de casos ativos da doença foram avaliadas pela comparação ao julgamento clínico de um reumatologista perito em DB, e os melhores pontos de corte foram estabelecidos para cada instrumento através da curva ROC (receive-operator characteristic). RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: BR-BDCAF(s) apresentou boa confiabilidade nas questões sobre manifestações mucocutâneas e articulares da DB. Os melhores pontos de corte para a definição de casos ativos foram índices maiores que quatro no BR-BDCAF (S = 80,0%, E = 86,7%) e maiores que um no BR-BDCAF(s) (S = 70,0%, E = 86,7%). Suas acurácias foram semelhantes, sugerindo que ambos podem ser utilizados como instrumentos de medida de atividade da DB.OBJECTIVE: Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF), an instrument for assessing activity of Behçet's Disease (BD), was originally produced in English. Its cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese language generated a version called BR-BDCAF. Recently, a simplified model of this protocol (with 12 items) was developed by the International Society for Behçet's Disease (ISBD) to generate an index called BDAI (Behçet's Disease Activity Index). For this reason, in this work we intended to create the simplified model of the Brazilian version, measure their reliability and evaluate the validity of the results of both instruments, comparing their performances. METHODS: The simplified version of BR-BDCAF was called BR-BDCAF(s). Both protocols were applied in 25 BD patients. Reliability of BR-BDCAF(s) was evaluated through intra- and interobserver agreement according to kappa statistic. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) and accuracy of both protocols on defining BD active cases were evaluated by comparing the rheumatologist expert clinical judgement to each protocol, and the best cut-off points were established for each instrument by the ROC curve (receive-operator characteristic). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: BR-BDCAF(s) showed good reliability on items relating to mucocutaneous and articular manifestations of BD. The best cut-off points for the definition of active cases were: higher than four with BR-BDCAF (Se = 80.0%, Sp = 86.7%) and higher than one with BR-BDCAF( s) (Se = 70.0%, Sp = 86.7%). Accuracy of both protocols was similar, suggesting that both can be used as tools to assess activity of DB

Evaluation of Muscle Damage, Body Temperature, Peak Torque and Fatigue Index in Three Different Methods of Strength Gain

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(3): 1352-1365, 2020. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare three different strength training protocols for the lower limbs by using biochemical indicators of muscle damage, thermographic analysis, and neuromuscular performance. In total, 10 men (age: 22.50 ± 2.84 years; weight, 75.45 ± 6.86 kg) completed the study. All the athletes were subjected to three methods of resistance training (RT): traditional, tension, and occlusion training. Serum concentrations of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were used as indicators of muscle damage. To measure muscle strength, the peak force, and fatigue index were determined using a Kratos load cell. Images were captured using an infrared camera (FLIR T640sc). The vascular occlusion method demonstrated a 33% reduction in post-training peak torque (p \u3c 0.001; ɳ2p: 2.74), which was recovered within 24 h (p \u3c 0.001; ɳ2p: 1.08). The thermographic analysis revealed a reduction in skin temperature in both thighs after the tension (−9.37%) and vascular occlusion (−6.01%) methods. In conclusion, the occlusion training seems to provide additional benefits as compared to the other two methods of strength training

Modulation of blood redox status by the progression of induced apical periodontitis in rats

This study aimed to investigate if apical periodontitis in different periods changes systemic levels of the antioxidant and pro-oxidant parameters in Wistar rats. Twenty-four rats were randomly allocated into healthy animals, apical periodontitis at 14 days (AP14) and apical periodontitis at 28 days (AP28). The first mandibular molars were accessed in the AP groups, and the pulp chamber was exposed to the oral environment, inducing the apical lesion. After 14 and 28 days, the animals were anesthetized, euthanized, and hemimandibles were collected for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis to measure lesion volume, bone volume (BV), percent of bone to total tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular space (Tb.Sp). A histological examination of the remaining bone was also performed. Finally, blood samples were collected for oxidative biochemistry analysis, investigating glutathione (GSH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). The lesion volume was greater at 28 than at 14 days, as shown by micro-CT. AP14 and AP28 had decreased BV and Tb.Th, but only AP28 showed a reduction in BV/TV. Tb.N and Tb. Sp were increased in apical periodontitis at 28 days. In the histopathological analysis, AP14 had focal regions of moderate mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate, and AP28 had an intense inflammatory infiltrate with bacterial colonies. In the biochemical evaluation, GSH, TEAC, and TBARS were increased after 14 days. However, GSH returned to control levels, TEAC was similar to AP14, and TBARS increased significantly after 28 days. Therefore, the oxidative biochemistry response was modulated according to the progression of periapical damage. After 14 days, the organism could still react to the injury. However, at 28 days, the antioxidant response decreased, associated with an increase in TBAR

Modulation of blood redox status by the progression of induced apical periodontitis in rats

This study aimed to investigate if apical periodontitis in different periods changes systemic levels of the antioxidant and pro-oxidant parameters in Wistar rats. Twenty-four rats were randomly allocated into healthy animals, apical periodontitis at 14 days (AP14) and apical periodontitis at 28 days (AP28). The first mandibular molars were accessed in the AP groups, and the pulp chamber was exposed to the oral environment, inducing the apical lesion. After 14 and 28 days, the animals were anesthetized, euthanized, and hemimandibles were collected for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis to measure lesion volume, bone volume (BV), percent of bone to total tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular space (Tb.Sp). A histological examination of the remaining bone was also performed. Finally, blood samples were collected for oxidative biochemistry analysis, investigating glutathione (GSH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). The lesion volume was greater at 28 than at 14 days, as shown by micro-CT. AP14 and AP28 had decreased BV and Tb.Th, but only AP28 showed a reduction in BV/TV. Tb.N and Tb. Sp were increased in apical periodontitis at 28 days. In the histopathological analysis, AP14 had focal regions of moderate mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate, and AP28 had an intense inflammatory infiltrate with bacterial colonies. In the biochemical evaluation, GSH, TEAC, and TBARS were increased after 14 days. However, GSH returned to control levels, TEAC was similar to AP14, and TBARS increased significantly after 28 days. Therefore, the oxidative biochemistry response was modulated according to the progression of periapical damage. After 14 days, the organism could still react to the injury. However, at 28 days, the antioxidant response decreased, associated with an increase in TBARS

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda (LLA) na população pediátrica: marcadores moleculares e implicações terapêuticas

A Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda (LLA) é uma forma comum de câncer pediátrico, representando cerca de 80% dos casos de leucemia em crianças. A patologia é caracterizada pela proliferação descontrolada de células-tronco hematopoéticas na medula óssea, e avanços recentes na pesquisa genômica têm proporcionado uma compreensão mais profunda da complexidade molecular subjacente à doença. O presente estudo tem como objetivo oferecer uma visão abrangente dos principais marcadores moleculares e implicações terapêuticas associadas à LLA na população pediátrica. Este estudo, baseado em uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica, abrange o período de 2013 a 2023, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Marcadores moleculares preponderantes, como rearranjos cromossômicos específicos (t(12;21), t(1;19), t(9;22)), mutações genéticas distintivas (ETV6-RUNX1, E2A-PBX1, TP53) e amplificação do gene BCR-ABL1, têm sido objeto de estudo aprofundado. Esses marcadores desempenham um papel crucial na estratificação de risco e prognóstico, permitindo uma abordagem mais personalizada no tratamento da LLA em crianças. As implicações terapêuticas derivadas desses marcadores são vastas, destacando a promissora era das terapias direcionadas. Terapias específicas para mutações, como aquelas direcionadas à mutação BCR-ABL1, e inovações em imunoterapia estão moldando o cenário do tratamento da LLA, proporcionando resultados mais eficazes e menos tóxicos. Os resultados destacam a eficácia das terapias direcionadas e a necessidade contínua de pesquisa para otimizar a intervenção terapêutica, melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes pediátricos afetados pela LLA e explorar novas facetas do tratamento. Em conclusão, este artigo fornece uma análise aprofundada dos marcadores moleculares e terapias associadas à LLA na população pediátrica, destacando avanços significativos e delineando áreas para investigação futura