CULTIVO DE CANAFÍSTULA (Peltophorum dubium) EM MINIJARDIM CLONAL E PROPAGAÇÃO POR MINIESTACAS

The present work aimed to evaluate the behavior of canafistula, established in mini-clonal hedge system and the viability of applying the mini-cutting technique for vegetative propagation of this species. In the formation of mini-stumps, of seminal origin, different numbers of leaves were maintained (three or more leaves, one, or a pair of leaves). It was evaluated the survival of mini-stumps, number, length and diameter of shoots and average productivity of mini-cuttings by mini-stumps during the successive regrowth. The effect of the application of IBA (0, 1500, 3000, 4500 and 6000 mg L-1) on survival and rooting of basal and apical mini-cuttings were also evaluated. The mini-stumps survival was 100% regardless of the number of leaves remaining in its formation. The maintenance of one leaf allowed the formation of a larger number of shoots (3.39) per mini-stump, 1 pair of leaves promoted greater shoot length (12.41 cm), and with three or more leaves, the shoots had larger diameters. The average production of mini-cuttings/mini-stump/harvesting has been growing over the successive regrowth, with maximum yield (159 mini-cuttings m-2) observed on the 4th regrowth. Apical mini-cuttings show higher rooting potential than the basal. The IBA is dispensable in the radicial induction but stimulates the root dried mass. The cultivation of the canafistula in mini-clonal hedge system enables the production of shoots for clonal propagation through mini-cuttings.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento da canafístula (Peltophorum dubium Spreg. Taub.) cultivada em sistema de minijardim clonal e estudar a viabilidade da aplicação da técnica de miniestaquia para a propagação vegetativa desta espécie. Na formação das minicepas, de origem seminal, mantiveram-se diferentes números de folhas (três ou mais, uma folha ou um par de folhas). Avaliou-se a sobrevivência das minicepas, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos brotos e a produtividade média de miniestacas por minicepa durante sucessivas rebrotas. Avaliou-se ainda o efeito da aplicação do AIB (0; 1500; 3000; 4500 e 6000 mg L-1) sobre a sobrevivência e o enraizamento de miniestacas basais e apicais. A sobrevivência das minicepas foi de 100% independentemente do número remanescente de folhas na sua formação. A manutenção de 1 folha possibilitou a formação de maior número de brotos (3,39) por minicepa; 1 par de folhas promoveu maior comprimento dos brotos (12,41 cm) e; 3 folhas ou mais originaram brotos de maior diâmetro. A produção média de miniestacas/minicepa/coleta foi crescente ao longo das sucessivas rebrotas, com máxima produtividade (159 miniestacas m-2) na 4ª rebrota. Miniestacas apicais apresentam maior potencial de enraizamento do que as basais. O AIB é dispensável na indução radicial, mas estimula a produção de massa seca das raízes. O manejo da canafístula em sistema de minijardim clonal possibilita a produção de brotos para processos de propagação clonal através da miniestaquia

CULTIVATION OF CANAFISTULA ( Peltophorum dubium ) IN MINI-CLONAL HEDGE AND PROPAGATION BY MINI-CUTTINGS

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento da canaf\uedstula (Peltophorum dubium Spreg. Taub.) cultivada em sistema de minijardim clonal e estudar a viabilidade da aplica\ue7\ue3o da t\ue9cnica de miniestaquia para a propaga\ue7\ue3o vegetativa desta esp\ue9cie. Na forma\ue7\ue3o das minicepas, de origem seminal, mantiveram-se diferentes n\ufameros de folhas (tr\ueas ou mais, uma folha ou um par de folhas). Avaliou-se a sobreviv\ueancia das minicepas, n\ufamero, comprimento e di\ue2metro dos brotos e a produtividade m\ue9dia de miniestacas por minicepa durante sucessivas rebrotas. Avaliou-se ainda o efeito da aplica\ue7\ue3o do AIB (0; 1500; 3000; 4500 e 6000 mg L-1) sobre a sobreviv\ueancia e o enraizamento de miniestacas basais e apicais. A sobreviv\ueancia das minicepas foi de 100% independentemente do n\ufamero remanescente de folhas na sua forma\ue7\ue3o. A manuten\ue7\ue3o de 1 folha possibilitou a forma\ue7\ue3o de maior n\ufamero de brotos (3,39) por minicepa; 1 par de folhas promoveu maior comprimento dos brotos (12,41 cm) e; 3 folhas ou mais originaram brotos de maior di\ue2metro. A produ\ue7\ue3o m\ue9dia de miniestacas/ minicepa/coleta foi crescente ao longo das sucessivas rebrotas, com m\ue1xima produtividade (159 miniestacas m-2) na 4\uaa rebrota. Miniestacas apicais apresentam maior potencial de enraizamento do que as basais. O AIB \ue9 dispens\ue1vel na indu\ue7\ue3o radicial, mas estimula a produ\ue7\ue3o de massa seca das ra\uedzes. O manejo da canaf\uedstula em sistema de minijardim clonal possibilita a produ\ue7\ue3o de brotos para processos de propaga\ue7\ue3o clonal atrav\ue9s da miniestaquia.The present work aimed to evaluate the behavior of canafistula, established in mini-clonal hedge system and the viability of applying the mini-cutting technique for vegetative propagation of this species. In the formation of mini-stumps, of seminal origin, different numbers of leaves were maintained (three or more leaves, one, or a pair of leaves). It was evaluated the survival of mini-stumps, number, length and diameter of shoots and average productivity of mini-cuttings by mini-stumps during the successive regrowth. The effect of the application of IBA (0, 1500, 3000, 4500 and 6000 mg L-1) on survival and rooting of basal and apical mini-cuttings were also evaluated. The mini-stumps survival was 100% regardless of the number of leaves remaining in its formation. The maintenance of one leaf allowed the formation of a larger number of shoots (3.39) per mini-stump, 1 pair of leaves promoted greater shoot length (12.41 cm), and with three or more leaves, the shoots had larger diameters. The average production of mini-cuttings/mini-stump/ harvesting has been growing over the successive regrowth, with maximum yield (159 mini-cuttings m-2) observed on the 4th regrowth. Apical mini-cuttings show higher rooting potential than the basal. The IBA is dispensable in the radicial induction but stimulates the root dried mass. The cultivation of the canafistula in mini-clonal hedge system enables the production of shoots for clonal propagation through mini-cuttings

Effect of shading screens on growth and protection of Toona ciliata seedlings under low temperatures

AbstractThis research aimed to evaluate the influence of different shading screens layers on the growth and protection of Toona ciliata seedlings in periods of frost susceptibility. The research was conducted on the Santa Maria Federal University, Frederico Westphalen Campus, RS. For the experiment, Toona ciliata seedlings maintained in plastic bags with three liters of capacity each were submitted to four treatments: unprotected seedlings, seedlings under protection with a single shading layer, double and triple. The experimental design was the completely randomized, with four repetitions of eight seedlings each. It was evaluated the number of seedlings with necrosed apical leaves, the aerial part height, the lap diameter and the dry mass of root, aerial and total. By such variables, it was possible to determine the Produtivity Index, the Dickson Quality Index and the relations height/diameter and height/dry mass of aerial part. The use of shading screens showed up efficient to protect the seedlings against the adverse effect of frost. The use of a single layer of shading resulted in a greater protection and consequently provided the best dendrometric characteristics, compared to the others levels of shading.Keywords: Screen protection; tolerance to frost; Australian cedar.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes camadas de telas de sombreamento no crescimento e na proteção de mudas de Toona ciliata em períodos de suscetibilidade a geadas. O estudo foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Frederico Westphalen, RS. Para a realização do experimento, mudas de Toona ciliata foram mantidas em sacos plásticos com capacidade de três litros e submetidas a quatro tratamentos: mudas sem proteção e mudas sob proteção com camada simples, dupla e tripla de sombreamento. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições de oito mudas por repetição. Foi avaliado o número de mudas com folhas apicais necrosadas, a altura da parte aérea, o diâmetro do colo e a massa seca radicular, aérea e total. Por meio dessas variáveis, foi possível determinar o Índice de Produtividade, o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson e as relações altura/diâmetro e altura/massa seca da parte aérea. A utilização de telas de sombreamento mostrou-se eficiente para a proteção das mudas contra o efeito adverso da geada. O uso de uma camada simples de sombreamento resultou em maior proteção e consequentemente forneceu as melhores características dendrométricas em relação às demais intensidades de sombreamento.Palavras-chave: Tela de proteção; tolerância à geada; cedro australiano. AbstractEffect of shading screens on growth and protection of Toona ciliata seedlings under low temperatures. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of different shading screens layers on the growth and protection of Toona ciliata seedlings in periods of frost susceptibility. The research was conducted on the Santa Maria Federal University, Frederico Westphalen Campus, RS. For the experiment, Toona ciliata seedlings maintained in plastic bags with three liters of capacity each were submitted to four treatments: unprotected seedlings, seedlings under protection with a single shading layer, double and triple. The experimental design was the completely randomized, with four repetitions of eight seedlings each. It was evaluated the number of seedlings with necrosed apical leaves, the aerial part height, the lap diameter and the dry mass of root, aerial and total. By such variables, it was possible to determine the Produtivity Index, the Dickson Quality Index and the relations height/diameter and height/dry mass of aerial part. The use of shading screens showed up efficient to protect the seedlings against the adverse effect of frost. The use of a single layer of shading resulted in a greater protection and consequently provided the best dendrometric characteristics, compared to the others levels of shading.Keywords: Screen protection; tolerance to frost; Australian cedar

Epidemiological analysis over 2 years at the Burn Unit of the Urgency Hospital Governor Otávio Lage de Siqueira, Goiânia, Brazil

Introduction: Burns are a type of injury that is among the leading causes of mortality. The use of epidemiology helps in providing subsidies for evaluation and organization of treatment and prevention, aiming at the improvement of public health. The objective is to describe the epidemiological profile of the patients treated at the Queimados Nelson Picollo unit of the Governador Otávio Lages de Siqueira Emergency Hospital (HUGOL). Method: This study analyzed the epidemiological profile of patients, aged more than 12 years, treated by plastic surgery at the burn treatment unit, Nelson Picollo, from July 2015 to June 2017. The patients who were not admitted to the burn unit were excluded from the study. Data were collected from the MVSoul R. program. Results: A total of 375 patients visited the hospital; of these, 50% of the patients needed intensive care unit treatments. The mean duration of hospital stay was 23.08 days. The majority of the patients were males, with a mean age of 39.17 years, and the main etiological agents were inflammable liquids, mainly alcohol and gasoline. The mean burned body surface area was 24.67%. A total of 1490 surgical interventions were performed, with an average of 3.97 surgeries per patient. Forty patients died; of these, 29 had airway burns. The total number of patients with airway burns was 73. Conclusion: This study provides a profile of burns and hospitalizations in the HUGOL burns unit, which corresponds with those from other centers specialized for this type of treatment

Histomoniasis in Peacock (Pavo cristatus) in the Potiguar Semiarid

Background: Histomoniasis is a disease caused by Histomonas meleagridis, a flagellated protozoan that can cause severe necrotizing hepatitis and typhlitis in several bird species. The disease has a cosmopolitan distribution. In experimental infection, peacocks (Pavo spp.) showed susceptibility to histomoniasis, however there are few reports on natural histomoniasis in this species. In northeastern Brazil, reports about its occurrence in avian species are scarce and nonexistent in peacocks. Therefore, this report aims to describe the epidemiological and clinicopathological aspects of a histomoniasis case in a peacock (Pavo cristatus) in the Brazilian semiarid region.Case: A 3-month-old male peacock with a history of apathy and anorexia was attended in the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The animal was raised extensively in a farm without basic sanitary measures, also with a history of living with animals of different species. After clinical examination, in which intense apathy and weight loss were confirmed, the bird was submitted to emergency therapeutic measures, however there was no clinical improvement and the bird died. At necropsy, intense diffuse bilateral necrotizing typhlitis and multifocal to coalescent necrotizing hepatitis were observed. Fragments of the organs were collected in 10% formaldehyde buffered with phosphate-saline buffer for histopathological analysis and cecal content were collected for microbiological analysis. Histopathology of the cecum revealed transmural necrotizing typhlitis associated with myriads of trophozoites morphologically compatible with Histomonas meleagridis. The same microorganisms observed in association with necrotizing hepatitis lesions, which allowed the diagnosis of histomoniasis. Also, the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans was isolated from the cecal content.Discussion: The macroscopic and microscopic findings allowed the diagnosis and the first recording of histomoniasis in peacock in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte. The bird was raised in an extensive breeding and without sanitary management, such as the use of anthelmintics, which may favor infection by the nematode Heterakis gallinarum, that’ transmits the protozoan Histomonas meleagridis. The contamination, which begins by the orofecal route, happens through the ingestion of eggs of the nematode contaminated with H. meleagridis that pass through the gastrointestinal tract, reaching the ceca and causing intense lesions in the organ, such as the bilateral transmural typhlitis that we observed in this case. From ceca, the protozoan has access to the bloodstream and reaches the liver, where it causes necrotic hepatitis, also present in the peacock. Both cecal and hepatic lesions were associated with myriads of microorganisms morphologically compatible with H. meleagridis, which allowed the diagnosis of the disease. The challenge in diagnosing this disease occurs mainly due to nonspecific clinical signs, such as apathy and weight loss, the only signs reported by the breeder and observed in this peacock. Confirmation of the occurrence of histomoniasis in any region is important to establish the disease among the differential diagnoses for the species, as in this case. Since this is the first report of peacock histomoniasis in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, it is evident the need to consider the disease among possible diagnoses in cases of nonspecific symptoms and it also demonstrates the need to implement control and prophylaxis measures in peacock breeding aiming to avoid losses of birds and economic losses to the breeders and to promote quality of life to the animals

Análise da mortalidade de Acacia mearnsii De Wild.

The mortality probability of the Acacia mearnsii De Wild. stands was studied in permanent sample stratified at different spacings and site. The results allowed to conclude that the mortality can estimated with a probabilistic function in relation with the inverse of the diameter at breast height (d) and age (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}–1. By the Pearson correlation of the mortality rate it was verified a high association with age, average diameter, average height, dominant height, basal area, volume and vital spacing. It was verified that the mortality is directly related to age, site quality and vital spacing in some periods of growth of the trees in the stand.A mortalidade de povoamentos de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. foi estudada tomando por base parcelas permanentes estratificadas em diferentes espaçamentos e sítios. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a probabilidade de mortalidade (PM) pode ser estimada por meio de uma função probabilística em relação ao inverso do diâmetro à altura do peito (d) e da idade (t): PM = {1+ EXP(-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}-1. Mediante a correlação de Pearson, verificou-se uma alta associação entre a taxa de mortalidade com a idade, diâmetro médio, altura média, altura dominante, área basal, volume e espaço vital. Constatou-se que a mortalidade está diretamente relacionada com a idade, qualidade do sítio e espaço vital em determinada fase de crescimento das árvores no povoamento

ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY OF THE Acacia mearnsii De Wild.

A mortalidade de povoamentos de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. foi estudada tomando por base parcelas permanentes estratificadas em diferentes espa\ue7amentos e s\uedtios. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a probabilidade de mortalidade (PM) pode ser estimada por meio de uma fun\ue7\ue3o probabil\uedstica em rela\ue7\ue3o ao inverso do di\ue2metro \ue0 altura do peito (d) e da idade (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}\u20131. Mediante a correla\ue7\ue3o de Pearson, verificou-se uma alta associa\ue7\ue3o entre a taxa de mortalidade com a idade, di\ue2metro m\ue9dio, altura m\ue9dia, altura dominante, \ue1rea basal, volume e espa\ue7o vital. Constatou-se que a mortalidade est\ue1 diretamente relacionada com a idade, qualidade do s\uedtio e espa\ue7o vital em determinada fase de crescimento das \ue1rvores no povoamento.The mortality probability of the Acacia mearnsii De Wild. stands was studied in permanent sample stratified at different spacings and site. The results allowed to conclude that the mortality can estimated with a probabilistic function in relation with the inverse of the diameter at breast height (d) and age (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}\u20131. By the Pearson correlation of the mortality rate it was verified a high association with age, average diameter, average height, dominant height, basal area, volume and vital spacing. It was verified that the mortality is directly related to age, site quality and vital spacing in some periods of growth of the trees in the stand