Bidirectional Communication for Bluetooth Low Energy without establishing a connection

This paper discusses different concepts and ideas for implementing a bidirectional communication for Bluetooth low energy devices without establishing a connection. Some of these possibilities were tested on their feasibility in an experimental set-up. Other ideas exist only theoretically and are associated with high energy consumption or slow transmission rates. Nevertheless, there is a desire for a simple bidirectional communication using the advertising mode for certain applications.Diese Arbeit beschreibt mehrere Möglichkeiten für eine verbindungslose bidirektionale Datenkommunikation mit Bluetooth low energy (BLE) im Advertising Mode. Einige dieser Konzepte wurden bereits in Versuchen nachgewiesen und auf ihre Machbarkeit geprüft.This paper discusses different concepts and ideas for implementing a bidirectional communication for Bluetooth low energy devices without establishing a connection. Some of these possibilities were tested on their feasibility in an experimental set-up. Other ideas exist only theoretically and are associated with high energy consumption or slow transmission rates. Nevertheless, there is a desire for a simple bidirectional communication using the advertising mode for certain applications

Questioning the Body. Certainties between Epistemology and Psychopathologies

Having a body is one of those unquestionable certainties of which we could not really understand the negation: the latter would not be a legitimate doubt in our linguistic, and therefore the epistemic game. In facts, according to Wittgenstein, contravening certain cornerstones of our language game implies that the used combination of words is being excluded from the game, withdrawn from circulation. The idea of this paper is that the external labelling of a behaviour as a mental illness, prima facie, comes from here. Seriously questioning whether someone else controls my actions or my thoughts or whether I am actually dead, then, are not just doubts, as Wittgenstein's critique of G.E. Moore shows: such believes are constitutively excluded from our way of seeing the world and characterized as illnesses, anomalies; otherwise, it would the complete destruction of the language game we inhabit and therefore of the world as we know it, because we would not know on which bases something could be said truthfully or falsely if we did not even know that "this one is my hand". Therefore, even if mental illnesses objectify themselves in correlative physiological dysfunctions, such a discovery comes only after the external recognition of some symptoms, and to recognize the external symptoms of an illness we have to treat them as such; hereby is suggested that we do treat something this way when it threatens the certainties around which the language game we play revolves

Fabaceae - Tribu Sophoreae

Árboles y arbustos, raro lianas o hierbas, generalmente inermes. Hojas pinnadas, plurifolioladas. Racimos o panículas terminales con brácteas y bracteólas. Flores subactinomorfas a zigomorfas; cáliz pentámero, entero o lobulado, valvar o imbricado; pétalos 5 raro 1; estambres en número variado, generalmente 10, libres o unidos en la base; ovario 1-pluriovulado. Legumbres variadas, indehiscentes, raro dehiscentes. Semillas reniformes con hilo apical o lateral. La Tribu Sophoreae pertenece a la subfamilia Papilionoideae, familia Fabaceae (=Leguminosae), comprende 45 géneros tropicales y 393-398 especies (Pennington & al., 2005: 227). Análisis cladísticos de la morfología general y de polen muestran que la tribu Sophoreae no es un grupo monofilético y que está relacionado con la tribu Swartzieae, resultados que han sido corroborados por estudios moleculares. No obstante, se requiere la inclusión de mas géneros en los estudios de filogenia molecular para sugerir una nueva clasificación (Pennington & al., 2005: 227). De acuerdo a Polhill (1994) la tribu se organiza en 6 grupos informales, el grupo Myroxylon agrupa 11 géneros; solo 4 habitan nuestro país y 1 llega a Salta y al valle de Lerma; del grupo Sophora solo el género Sophora crece en Argentina con 2 especies, una de ellas en Salta y el valle de Lerma

Kiwifruit bud release from dormancy: effect of exogenous cytokinins

A new formulate containing citokinins, that is commercialized as Cytokin, has been introduced as dormancy breaking agents. During a three-years study, Cytokin was applied at different concentrations and application times in two producing areas of the Emilia-Romagna region to verify its efficacy as a DBA. Cytokin application increased the bud break and showed a lateral flower thinning effect. Moreover, treated vines showed an earlier and more uniform flowering as compared to control ones. Results obtained on the productive performance revealed a constant positive effect in the fruit fresh weight at harvest. Moreover, Cytokin did not cause any phytotoxicity even at the highest concentrations. Starting from the field observation, which suggested the involvement of cytokinins in kiwifruit bud release from dormancy, 6-BA was applied in open field condition and molecular and histological analyses were carried out in kiwifruit buds collected starting from the endo dormant period up to complete bud break to compare the natural occurring situation to the one induced by exogenous cytokinin application. In details, molecular analyses were set up on to verify the expression of genes involved in the reactivation of cell cycle: cyclin D3, histone H4, cyclin-dependent kinase B, as well as of others which are known to be up regulated during bud release in other species, i.e.isopenteniltransferases (IPTs), which catalyze the first step in the CK biosynthesis, and sucrose synthase 1 and A, which are involved in the sugar supplied. Moreover, histological analyses of the cell division rate in kiwifruit bud apical meristems were performed. These analyses showed a reactivation of the cell divisions during bud release and changes in the expression level of the investigated genes

Reflections on public accountants as external auditors and their responsibility

El presente ensayo tiene por objetivo determinar el tipo de responsabilidad del contador público como auditor externo, partiendo desde la tipificación del contrato que une al comitente y al auditor. Este trabajo hace alusión a la posible pérdida de credibilidad que podría tener la opinión de algunos contadores públicos en su función de auditores vertida en sus informes. De esta manera, se trata de concientizar a los contadores públicos de la necesidad de ejercer la auditoría externa de Estados Financieros con ética y responsabilidad. El análisis se centra en la responsabilidad civil y penal, haciendo hincapié en que no es obligación del contador público en su rol de auditor externo detectar los posibles fraudes perpetuados en una organización. Luego de explicar el origen del fraude, se presentan ejemplos específicos para elaborar conclusiones que sean útiles a la comunidad académica y profesional. Se individualizan los contenidos y la normativa disponible a nivel internacional y nacional que resultan aplicables.The objective of this essay is to determine the type of responsibility of the public accountant as an external auditor, starting from the classification of the contract that unites the principal and the auditor. This work refers to the possible loss of credibility that the opinion of some public accountants in their role as auditors could have, expressed in their reports. In this way, the aim is to make public accountants aware of the need to exercise the external audit of Financial Statements with ethics and responsibility. The analysis focuses on civil and criminal liability, emphasising that it is not the obligation of the public accountant in their role as external auditor to detect possible fraud perpetuated in an organisation. After explaining the origin of the fraud, specific examples are presented, to draw conclusions that are useful to the academic and professional community. The contents and regulations available at the international and national level that are applicable are individualised.Instituto de Investigaciones y Estudios Contable

Naïve chicks do not prefer objects with stable body orientation, though they may prefer behavioural variability

Domestic chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) have been widely used as a model to study the motion cues that allow visually naïve organisms to detect animate agents shortly after hatching/birth. Our previous work has shown that chicks prefer to approach agents whose main body axis and motion direction are aligned (a feature typical of creatures whose motion is constrained by a bilaterally symmetric body plan). However, it has never been investigated whether chicks are also sensitive to the fact that an agent maintains a stable front–back body orientation in motion (i.e. consistency in which end is leading and which trailing). This is another feature typical of bilateria, which is also associated with the detection of animate agents in humans. The aim of the present study was to fll this gap. Contrary to our initial expectations, after testing 300 chicks across 3 experimental conditions, we found a recurrent preference for the agent which did not maintain a stable front–back body orientation. Since this preference was limited to female chicks, the results are discussed also in relation to sex diferences in the social behaviour of this model. Overall, we show for the frst time that chicks can discriminate agents based on the stability of their front–back orientation. The unexpected direction of the efect could refect a preference for agents’ whose behaviour is less predictable. Chicks may prefer agents with greater behavioural variability, a trait which has been associated with animate agents, or have a tendency to explore agents performing “odd behaviours”

An unusual presentation of erythema multiforme in a paediatric patient

Background: Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute, vesiculobullous disease of skin and mucous membranes with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. A complex interaction of different factors has been implicated the condition; the majority with a preceding herpes simplex infection. This report describes an unusual presentation of erythema multiforme affecting the lips and oral mucosa of a healthy 7-year-old boy in the form of lip adherence. Case report: Two weeks following eruption of oral ulcerations, a 7-year-old healthy boy developed severe erosive ulceration of both lips, causing complete lip adherence. This was accompanied by marked bilateral submandibular and cervical lymphadenopathy, tremor and sweating. Clinical and laboratory investigations led to a diagnosis of erythema multiforme. The patient was treated initially with gentle application of Vaseline between the lips using cotton buds in an attempt to release lip adhesion, followed by surgical release of the lips under general anaesthesia. Analgesics and topical steroid mouthwash were provided. Follow-up: Seven months later, the patient presented with a recurrence of his EM which included lesions on the skin. The patient was treated with antivirals, topical and systematic steroids to suppress the recurrent attacks of EM. Eighteen months following the initial presentation the patient and parent reported considerable decrease in the frequency, severity and duration of the occurrence of intra-oral ulcers, with no major episode of target lesions on the skin. Conclusion: Erythema multiforme is rare in children, however it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent erosive oral ulcerative lesions especially when the oral lesions resemble those of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

Monitoring in metastatic breast cancer: Is imaging outdated in the era of circulating tumor cells?

In clinical practice imaging technologies such as computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are well-established methods for monitoring metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients and for assessing therapeutic efficacy. However, several weeks of treatment are required before these technologies can offer any reliable information on effective disease regression, and, in the meanwhile, the patients are exposed to potentially unnecessary therapy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been shown to be powerful prognostic and predictive markers and provide clinicians with valuable information. However, in one clinical trial, an early change of chemotherapy based on CTC detection did not result in improved survival. Currently, CTC detection outside clinical trials should be limited to selected clinical situations, i.e. increased treatment toxicity or as risk estimation

Process of pyroplastic shaping for special-purpose porcelain stoneware tiles

A novel technique to manufacture special-purpose tiles (i.e. trim pieces, steps, skirting boards, etc.) has been recently developed on the basis of a pyroplastic shaping of porcelain stoneware tiles. This innovative process involves a second firing, peaking at temperatures close to those of sintering, whose effect was investigated by comparing industrially-manufactured tiles before and after pyroplastic shaping. Characterization by XRF, XRPD, SEM and standard testing (ISO 10545) put in evidence that pyroplastic bending induced little changes in the water absorption and bulk density values, as in phase composition. Limited variations occurring to closed porosity, mechanical strength and microstructure do not significantly affect the overall technological performance of the special-purpose tiles, which is substantially the same of the original porcelain stoneware tiles. A detailed microstructural characterization was performed for the first time on porcelain stoneware tiles: coarse grains (>10 ?m) represent 10-15% of total volume, while fine-grained crystals, dispersed in the glassy phase, amount from 30% to 65% of the viscous matrix. The pyroplastic behaviour was found to depend in a complex way on such microstructural and compositional features, which deeply affect the effective viscosity of the matrix