2,514 research outputs found
End to End Satellite Servicing and Space Debris Management
There is growing demand for satellite swarms and constellations for global
positioning, remote sensing and relay communication in higher LEO orbits. This
will result in many obsolete, damaged and abandoned satellites that will remain
on-orbit beyond 25 years. These abandoned satellites and space debris maybe
economically valuable orbital real-estate and resources that can be reused,
repaired or upgraded for future use. Space traffic management is critical to
repair damaged satellites, divert satellites into warehouse orbits and
effectively de-orbit satellites and space debris that are beyond repair and
salvage. Current methods for on-orbit capture, servicing and repair require a
large service satellite. However, by accessing abandoned satellites and space
debris, there is an inherent heightened risk of damage to a servicing
spacecraft. Sending multiple small-robots with each robot specialized in a
specific task is a credible alternative, as the system is simple and
cost-effective and where loss of one or more robots does not end the mission.
In this work, we outline an end to end multirobot system to capture damaged and
abandoned spacecraft for salvaging, repair and for de-orbiting. We analyze the
feasibility of sending multiple, decentralized robots that can work
cooperatively to perform capture of the target satellite as a first step,
followed by crawling onto damage satellites to perform detailed mapping. After
obtaining a detailed map of the satellite, the robots will proceed to either
repair and replace or dismantle components for salvage operations. Finally, the
remaining components will be packaged with a de-orbit device for accelerated
de-orbit.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, Space Traffic Management Conference. arXiv
admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1809.02028, arXiv:1809.04459,
arXiv:1901.0971
Multi-imaging and Bayesian estimation for photon counting with EMCCD's
A multi-imaging strategy is proposed and experimentally tested to improve the
accuracy of photon counting with an electron multiplying charge-coupled device
(EMCCD), by taking into account the random nature of its on-chip gain and the
possibility of multiple photo-detection events on one pixel. This strategy is
based on Bayesian estimation on each image, with a priori information given by
the sum of the images. The method works even for images with large dynamic
range, with more improvement in the low light level areas. In these areas, two
thirds of the variance added by the EMCCD in a conventional imaging mode are
removed, making the physical photon noise predominant in the detected image.Comment: 19 page
The Violation of Human Rights in Latin America Derived from the Covid-19 Pandemic Administration
There is no doubt at this stage of the solid evolving global relevance of universal human rights in a complex global scenario like everyone faces today. The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns have produced, and are still causing, an overwhelmingly negative impact on the standard citizens’ lives. As drastic as it is, such affirmation is sustained in the serious deterioration in a considerable number of democracies around the world, but especially reflected in Latin America, a region of six hundred (600) million inhabitants (Werthein & Abrantes, 2021). This research aims to assess the scope of the violation of individuals’ basic human rights caused by the COVID-19 pandemic administration in Latin American countries. Unreasonably extended lockdowns and other misleading and inappropriate measures implemented by different Latin American administrations have had unsurmountable and dramatic consequences for the region's inhabitants. Many Latin American governments have inadvertently put in place two (2) excluding options for their populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. It had to be either healthcare and fight against COVID-19, on the one side, or economic sustainability, on the other, but not the two (2) simultaneously. Losses of thousands of lives, economic devastation, thousands of business shutdowns, millions of job losses, and educational catastrophes have all affected essential freedoms and individuals’ basic universal human rights recognized by modern constitutions, including those in Latin America. As discussed, these are the resulting consequences of governments’ failure to build up necessary resources, be readily prepared to face catastrophes of this sort, and act with integrity and transparency in managing public funds. Both quantitative (i.e.numbers and statistics) and qualitative (i.e., secondary data) methodologies have been used to arrive at very relevant conclusions. Sustainable results of this research reflect how mismanagement of the pandemic, including corruption practices by certain Latin American governments, has led to catastrophic consequences in healthcare and the economic field. 
The Connections between German Pandectist School and Italian Legal Culture at the End of XIX Century
The rejuvenating approach to Roman law taken by the German Pandectist School in the
19th century exerted a great influence far beyond the boundaries of Germany. This phenomenon
can really be seen as one of the “centralising forces” of European legal history,
especially considering the simultaneous emergence of national codifications, which led to an increasing gap between the various legislations issued by European countries. Within
Europe, the influence of the Pandectist School was particularly strong on Italian legal
culture. The development of translations of German legal handbooks was particularly
encouraged by Italian Romanistic scholars after the national unification, as an emblematic
component of a general project for the diffusion of German legal culture in Italy. The
translations were increasingly directed to original works, especially due to the multitude
of notes provided by translators, which contributed to the critical revision of German erudition,
namely by comparing it to Italian legislation. Especially the version of the Lehrbuch
der Pandekten by Carl Ludwig Arndts, written by Filippo Serafini, and the one
of Bernhard Windscheid’s Lehrbuch des Pandektenrechts, carried out by Carlo Fadda
and Paolo Emilio Bensa, played an important role in the development of the studies of
Roman and private law in Italy
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