834 research outputs found
Impurity Effects on Quantum Depinning of Commensurate Charge Density Waves
We investigate quantum depinning of the one-dimensional (1D) commensurate
charge-density wave (CDW) in the presence of one impurity theoretically.
Quantum tunneling rate below but close to the threshold field is calculated at
absolute zero temperature by use of the phase Hamiltonian within the WKB
approximation. We show that the impurity can induce localized fluctuation and
enhance the quantum depinning. The electric field dependence of the tunneling
rate in the presence of the impurity is different from that in its absence.Comment: 14 pages with 13 figures. Submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Effects of Nonmagnetic Impurity Doping on Spin Ladder System
Effects of nonmagnetic impurity doping on an AF spin-1/2 Heisenberg ladder
system are studied by the QMC method. A single nonmagnetic impurity induces a
localized spin-1/2 moment accompanied by "static" and enhanced AF correlations
around it. Small and finite concentration of impurities induces a remarkable
change of magnetic and thermodynamic properties with gapless excitations. It
also shows rather sharp but continuous crossover around the concentration of
about 4%. Above the crossover concentration, all the spins are strongly coupled
participating in the enhanced and rather uniform power-law decay of the
antiferromagnetic correlation. Below the crossover, each impurity forms an
antiferromagnetic cluster only weakly coupled each other. For random
distribution of impurities, large Curie-like susceptibility accompanied with
small residual entropy is obtained at low temperatures in agreement with recent
experimental observation in Zn-doped . Temperature dependence of
AF susceptibility shows power-law-like but weaker divergence than the single
chain AFH in the temperature range studied.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX+epsf.sty, submitted to J.Phys.Soc.Jpn. New results of
AF susceptibility are adde
Magnetic Phase Transitions in the double spin-chains compound
We report high-resolution x-ray diffraction, muon-spin-rotation spectroscopic
and specific heat measurements in the double spin-chains compound . The x-ray diffraction results show that the crystal structure of
~is orthorhombic down to T=10K. Anisotropic line-broadening of
the diffraction peaks is observed, indicating disorder along the spin chains.
Muon spin relaxation and specific heat measurements show that
\~undergoes a phase transition to a magnetic ordered state at .
The specific heat data exhibits a second -like peak at , which increases with increasing magnetic field similarly way to
that found in spin-ladder compounds.Comment: 6 pages, 6 fifures, to appear in Physica
Effects of Dissipation on Quantum Phase Slippage in Charge Density Wave Systems
We study the effect of the dissipation on the quantum phase slippage via the
creation of ``vortex ring'' in charge density wave (CDW) systems. The
dissipation is assumed to come from the interaction with the normal electron
near and inside of the vortex core. We describe the CDW by extracted
macroscopic degrees of freedom, that is, the CDW phase and the radius of the
``vortex ring'', assume the ohmic dissipation, and investigate the effect in
the context of semiclassical approximation.
The obtained results are discussed in comparison with experiments. It turns
out that the effect of such a dissipation can be neglected in experiments.Comment: 9 pages (revtex), 2 figures, using epsf.st
Theory of Underdoped Cuprates
We develop a slave-boson theory for the t-J model at finite doping which
respects an SU(2) symmetry -- a symmetry previously known to be important at
half filling. The mean field phase diagram is found to be consistent with the
phases observed in the cuprate superconductors, which contains d-wave
superconductor, spin gap, strange metal, and Fermi liquid phases. The spin gap
phase is best understood as the staggered flux phase, which is nevertheless
translationally invariant for physical quantities. The electron spectral
function shows small Fermi pockets at low doping which continuously evolve into
the large Fermi surface at high doping concentrations.Comment: 4 pages, latex(revtex,epsf), 3 figure
Finite-Size Bosonization and Self-Consistent Harmonic Approximation
The self-consistent harmonic approximation is extended in order to account
for the existence of Klein factors in bosonized Hamiltonians. This is important
for the study of finite systems where Klein factors cannot be ignored a priori.
As a test we apply the method to interacting spinless fermions with modulated
hopping. We calculate the finite-size corrections to the energy gap and the
Drude weight and compare our results with the exact solution for special values
of the model parameters
Leptonic CP violation: zero, maximal or between the two extremes
Discovery of the CP-violation in the lepton sector is one of the challenges
of the particle physics. We search for possible principles, symmetries and
phenomenological relations that can lead to particular values of the
CP-violating Dirac phase, . In this connection we discuss two extreme
cases: the zero phase, , and the maximal CP-violation, , and relate them to the peculiar pattern of the neutrino mixing. The
maximal CP-violation can be related to the reflection
symmetry. We study various aspects of this symmetry and introduce a generalized
reflection symmetry that can lead to an arbitrary phase that depends on the
parameter of the symmetry transformation. The generalized reflection symmetry
predicts a simple relation between the Dirac and Majorana phases. We also
consider the possibility of certain relations between the CP-violating phases
in the quark and lepton sectors.Comment: 34 pages, no figures; v3: version appeared in JHE
Scenario planning for the Edinburgh city region
This paper examines the application of scenario planning techniques to the detailed and daunting challenge of city re-positioning when policy makers are faced with a heavy history and a complex future context. It reviews a process of scenario planning undertaken in the Edinburgh city region, exploring the scenario process and its contribution to strategies and policies for city repositioning. Strongly rooted in the recent literature on urban and regional economic development, the text outlines how key individuals and organisations involved in the process participated in far-reaching analyses of the possible future worlds in which the Edinburgh city region might find itself
Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Ultracold Fermions in Optical Superlattices
We study the time-dependent dynamical properties of two-component ultracold
fermions in a one-dimensional optical superlattice by applying the adaptive
time-dependent density matrix renormalization group to a repulsive Hubbard
model with an alternating superlattice potential. We clarify how the time
evolution of local quantities occurs when the superlattice potential is
suddenly changed to a normal one. For a Mott-type insulating state at quarter
filling, the time evolution exhibits a profile similar to that expected for
bosonic atoms, where correlation effects are less important. On the other hand,
for a band-type insulating state at half filling, the strong repulsive
interaction induces an unusual pairing of fermions, resulting in some striking
properties in time evolution, such as a paired fermion co-tunneling process and
the suppression of local spin moments. We further address the effect of a
confining potential, which causes spatial confinement of the paired fermions.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
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