Veal calf performance in response to concentrate diets of different rumen degradable protein content

(South African J of Animal Science, 2000, 30, Supplement 1: 58-59

Prevalence of newcastle disease virus in broiler chickens (Gallus gallus) in Brazil

This study was carried out during 2002/2003, aiming to determine the prevalence of virulent Newcastle disease virus strains (NDV) in Brazilian commercial poultry farms. Clinical samples were obtained from the Southeastern, Southern and Central-Western regions, which comprise the main area of the Brazilian poultry production. Serum samples and tracheal and cloacal swabs of 23,745 broiler chickens from 1,583 flocks, including both vaccinated chickens and those with no vaccination information, were tested for NDV using a diagnostic ELISA kit. The seropositivity was 39.1%, and the isolation percentage by flock varied from 1.0 to 7.6%, and by region from 6.5 to 58.4%. Higher isolation rates (74.3-83.3%) were obtained after three passages in embryonated chicken eggs. All isolates preliminarily identified as NDV were characterized as nonpathogenic strains, as their Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI) was below 0.7. Based on results of this study, Brazil can claim a virulent NDV-free status for commercial flocks.349357Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

A survey for maintenance of virulent newcastle disease virus-free area in poultry production in Brazil

In 2003, Brazil was recognized as a pathogenic Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) strain-free country for commercial poultry. This research was conducted in Brazil between December 2003 and March 2005 to verify the maintenance of this virulent NDV-free status. Serum samples from 5,455 flocks for commercial poultry farms were collected, comprising 81,825 broiler chickens. The farms were located in nine states of the country, grouped in three geographic regions. Serological evidence of NDV infection was detected in 28.8% of the surveyed farms. However, all fifteen viruses isolated and identified as Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) were characterized as nonpathogenic strains, based on the Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index. These results showed that Brazil preserves the virulent NDV-free status for commercial flocks.368375Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Comparative Evaluation Of Conventional Rt-pcr And Real-time Rt-pcr (rrt-pcr) For Detection Of Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype A [comparação Entre As Técnicas De Rt-pcr Convencional E Rt-pcr Em Tempo Real Para A Detecção Do Metapneumovírus Aviários Subtipo A]

Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) belongs to Metapneumovirus genus of Paramyxoviridae family. Virus isolation, serology, and detection of genomic RNA are used as diagnostic methods for AMPV. The aim of the present study was to compare the detection of six subgroup A AMPV isolates (AMPV/A) viral RNA by using different conventional and real time RT-PCR methods. Two new RT-PCR tests and two real time RT-PCR tests, both detecting fusion (F) gene and nucleocapsid (N) gene were compared with an established test for the attachment (G) gene. All the RT-PCR tested assays were able to detect the AMPV/A. The lower detection limits were observed using the N-, F- based RRT-PCR and F-based conventional RT-PCR (10 0.3 to 10 1 TCID 50 mL -1). The present study suggests that the conventional F-based RT-PCR presented similar detection limit when compared to N- and F-based RRT-PCR and they can be successfully used for AMPV/A detection.39514451451Arns, C.W., Hafez, M.H., (1992) Swollen Head Syndrome in Poultry Flocks in Brazil, pp. 81-84. , In: WESTERN POULTRY DISEASE CONFERENCE, 41., 1992, Sacramento, USA. Proceedings... Davis, CA: Conference & Event Services, University of CaliforniaBarik, S., Transcription of human respiratory syncytial virus genome RNA in vitro: Requirement of cellular factor(s) (1992) Journal of Virology, 66, pp. 6813-6818Bäyon-Auboyer, M.H., Comparison of F-, G- and N-based RT-PCR protocols with conventional virological procedures for the detection and typing of turkey rhinotracheitis virus (1999) Archives of Virology, 144 (6), pp. 1091-1109. , http://www.springerlink.com/content/vxcm8vulvfx3vmeh, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1007/s007050050572Cecchinato, M., Design, validation, and absolute sensitivity of a novel test for the molecular detection of avian pneumovirus (2004) Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 16 (6), pp. 582-585Choi, J.H., Development of real-time PCR assays for detection and quantification of human bocavirus (2008) Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 42 (3), pp. 249-253. , http://www.journalofclinicalvirology.com/article/S1386-6532(08)00070-X, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.02.010Cook, J.K., Cavanagh, D., Detection and differentiation of avian pneumoviruses (metapneumoviruses) (2002) Avian Pathology, 31 (2), pp. 117-132D'arce, R.C., et al, Subtyping of new Brazilian avian metapneumovirus isolates from chickens and turkeys by reverse transcriptase-nested-polymerase chain reaction (2005) Avian Pathology, 34 (2), pp. 133-136Dani, M.A., Molecular characterization of Brazilian avian pneumovirus isolates: Comparison between immunochemiluminescent Southern blot and nested PCR (1999) Journal of Virological Methods, 79 (2), pp. 237-241. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6T96-3WJDTS 6-D-7&_cdi=5106&_user=687304&_orig=search&_coverDate=05% 2F31%2F1999&_sk=999209997&view=c&wchp=dGLbVlW-zSkzS&md5= 6b42016b9f823422152fecdd9a0d7060&ie=, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1016/S0166-0934(99)00020-8Fauquet, C.M., (2005) Virus taxonomy: VIIIth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, p. 1162. , Amsterdam: Elsevier AcademicFerreira, H.L., Inhibition of avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) replication by RNA interference targeting nucleoprotein gene (N) in cultured cells (2007) Antiviral Research, 74 (1), pp. 77-81. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6T2H-4MR1GV 1-1-1&_cdi=4919&_user=10&_orig=search&_coverDate=04%2F30 %2F2007&_sk=999259998&view=c&wchp=dGLzVtb-zSkWb&md5=a1d6 3aa0ca8ae7b4fa06307793e8edc5&ie=, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.12.002Giraud, P., Turkey rhinotracheitis in France: Preliminary investigations on a ciliostatic virus (1986) Veterinary Record, 119 (24), pp. 606-607Gough, R.E., Avian pneumoviruses (2003) Diseases of Poultry, pp. 92-99. , In: SAIF, M. et al., Ames: Iowa StateGuionie, O., Laboratory evaluation of a quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR assay for the detection and identification of the four subgroups of avian metapneumovirus (2007) Journal of Virological Methods, 139 (2), pp. 150-158. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6T96-4MFJJ1 2-1-3&_cdi=5106&_user=10&_orig=search&_coverDate=02%2F28 %2F2007&_sk=998609997&view=c&wchp=dGLzVtz-zSkWz&md5=70a2 de1148e26bf618e402c54144d25e&ie=, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.09.022Juhasz, K., Easton, A.J., Extensive sequence variation in the attachment (G) protein gene of avian pneumovirus: Evidence for two distinct subgroups (1994) Journal of General Virology, 75 (PART 11), pp. 2873-2880. , http://vir.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/75/11/2873, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-2873Keightley, M.C., Real-time NASBA detection of SARS-associated coronavirus and comparison with real-time reverse transcription-PCR (2005) Journal of Medical Virology, 77 (4), pp. 602-608. , http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/112137449, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1002/jmv.20498Loisy, F., Real-time RT-PCR for norovirus screening in shellfish (2005) Journal of Virological Methods, 123 (1), pp. 1-7Maertzdorf, J., Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for detection of human metapneumoviruses from all known genetic lineages (2004) Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 42, pp. 981-986. , http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/reprint/42/3/981, Disponível em:, Doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.3.981-986.2004Otsuki, K., Demonstration of serum-neutralising antibody to turkey rhinotracheitis virus in serum from chicken flocks in Japan (1996) Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 58 (9), pp. 869-874Pabbaraju, K., Diagnosis and epidemiological studies of human metapneumovirus using real-time PCR (2007) Journal of Clinical Virology, 40 (3), pp. 186-192. , http://www.journalofclinicalvirology.com/article/PIIS1386653207002740, Doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2007.08.004Reed, J.I., Muench, H., A simple method for estimating fifth percent endpoints (1938) American Journal Hygiene, 27, pp. 493-49

Complete Genome Sequence Of A Vaccinal Newcastle Disease Virus Strain Isolated From An Owl (rhinoptynx Clamator)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was isolated in chicken embryonated eggs after detection by real-time reverse transcription- PCR (RRT-PCR) from a captive owl swab. The complete genome sequence of APMV-1/Rhinoptynx clamator/Brazil/22516/2009 (APMV-1, avian paramyxovirus type 1) was obtained using Illumina sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome classified the isolate within NDV class II genotype II. © 2016 Van Borm et al.46CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Quintessence and Gravitational Waves

We investigate some aspects of quintessence models with a non-minimally coupled scalar field and in particular we show that it can behave as a component of matter with $-3 \lesssim P/\rho \lesssim 0$. We study the properties of gravitational waves in this class of models and discuss their energy spectrum and the cosmic microwave background anisotropies they induce. We also show that gravitational waves are damped by the anisotropic stress of the radiation and that their energy spectrum may help to distinguish between inverse power law potential and supergravity motivated potential. We finish by a discussion on the constraints arising from their density parameter \Omega_\GW.Comment: 21 pages, 18 figures, fianl version, accepted for publication in PR

Interplay of pairing and multipole interactions in a simple model

The interplay of pairing and other interactions is addressed in this work using a simple single-j model. We show that enhancements in pairing correlations observed through studies of the spectra of deformed systems, moments of inertia, changes in transitional multipole amplitudes, and direct calculations of the pairing component in the wave function, indicate that even without explicit matrix elements responsible for pairing, a paired state can still appear from the kinematic coupling of pairing to deformation and from other geometrical restrictions that are of extreme importance in mesoscopic systems. Furthermore, we demonstrate that macroscopic transitions such as oblate to prolate shape changes can lead to strong dynamic enhancements of pairing correlations. In this work we emphasize that the pairing condensate has an important dynamic and kinematic effect on other residual interactions.Comment: 39 pages, 8 figure

Lentinus crinitus basidiocarp stipe and pileus: chemical composition, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity

Lentinus crinitus is a wild fungus, which produces mushrooms consumed by some Amazonian Indians. Besides, it is recognized for its diverse biological activities and biotechnological applications. However, there are few reports with limited information on basidiocarp chemical composition and cytotoxicity. Our study determined and evaluated the chemical composition, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity of L. crinitus pileus and stipe separately. Chromatographic methods were used to evaluate basidiocarp chemical composition. Cytotoxicity was verified using a cell culture from porcine liver and against a panel of human tumor cells from different models. Antioxidant activity was assessed by different in vitro methods. The pileus had higher levels of protein, ash, tocopherols, and organic acids, mainly malic acid, than the stipe. The stipe revealed higher contents of carbohydrates, energy, soluble sugars, and phenolic acids, mostly p-hydroxybenzoic acid. L. crinitus basidiocarp has mainly trehalose as soluble sugar, and less than 1% fat being ~60% polyunsaturated fatty acids (mostly linoleic and oleic acids), and ~13% saturated fatty acids (mostly palmitic acid). L. crinitus revealed high antioxidant activity for most methods and no cytotoxic activity against tumor and non-tumor cells. L. crinitus basidiocarp can be considered a functional food with applicability in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]This research was supported by Universidade Paranaense, UniCesumar, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES)—finance code 001—, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and Fundação Araucária. The authors are also grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); to the national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for L. Barros contract.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio