Physicochemical characterization of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) juices from 55 cultivars grown in Northern Spain

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) cultivation has experienced a notable increase both for its good organoleptic characteristics and the nutritional and functional properties of this berry. The aim of this study was the physicochemical characterization of blueberry juices obtained from 55 blueberry cultivars grown under the same environmental conditions for 2–4 years. The results provide a broad and robust database, both for the number of cultivars and the periods of monitoring thereof, in order to cover different aspects of blueberry processing, and more specifically, production of juices. Blueberries belonging to V. virgatum cultivars showed the higher values of total anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, soluble solids, and pH, and V. corymbosum cultivars the higher level of titratable acidity. Results also showed a high variability among cultivars. Observed variations can be used in plant breeding and classification of blueberry cultivars, at least, at the species level

Band-gap Shift In Cds Semiconductor By Photoacoustic Spectroscopy: Evidence Of A Cubic To Hexagonal Lattice Transition

The band-gap energies of the CdS semiconductor are obtained by a photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) technique over a range of temperature of thermal annealing (TTA), in which the evolution of the sample structure is characterized by x-ray diffraction patterns. The PAS experiment gives a set of data for the band-gap shift in the region of the fundamental absorption edge. With increasing TTA the band-gap shift increases up to a critical TTA when its slope decreases in a roughly symmetrical way. It is suggested that at this temperature a cubic to hexagonal-lattice transition occurs.64329129

Generalized Assisted Inflation

We obtain a new class of exact cosmological solutions for multi-scalar fields with exponential potentials. We generalize the assisted inflation solutions previously obtained, and demonstrate how they are modified when there exist cross-couplings between the fields, such as occur in supergravity inspired cosmological models.Comment: 5 page

Spin filtering and magnetoresistance in ballistic tunnel junctions

We theoretically investigate magnetoresistance (MR) effects in connection with spin filtering in quantum-coherent transport through tunnel junctions based on non-magnetic/semimagnetic heterostructures. We find that spin filtering in conjunction with the suppression/enhancement of the spin-dependent Fermi seas in semimagnetic contacts gives rise to (i) spin-split kinks in the MR of single barriers and (ii) a robust beating pattern in the MR of double barriers with a semimagnetic well. We believe these are unique signatures for quantum filtering.Comment: Added references + corrected typo

Side-resistance to macrolactones in cattle nematodes

Cattle ranches in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), are predominantly extensive and the control of gastrointestinal nematodes relies on the continuous usage of anthelmintic drugs. Macrocyclic lactones (MLs) are the most frequently used products. There have been reports of anthelmintic resistance from gastrointestinal parasites in RS. The objective of this work was to determine the efficacy of 10 commercially available MLs in naturally infected cattle. A total of seventy Nelore and Charolais of abaut one year old and their crosses were studied. Each group (n=7) was treated with: doramectin 1% (Dectomaxâ, Pfizer), moxidectin 1% (Cydectinâ, Fort Dodge), four ivermectin 1% (Ivermectinaâ, Ouro Fino; Ivermectinaâ, Jofadel; Imectinâ, Irfa; Dectiverâ, Lapisa); ivermectin 3.1% (Ivomec Goldâ, Merial), two abamectin 1% (Abamectinaâ, Jofadel; Abactinâ, Biofarm), and the combination ivermectin 2.25% plus abamectin 1.25% (Solutionâ, Intervet) at their recommended doses. Fecal samples were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days postreatment for the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and larval culture, using modified RESO analysis. At 21 days after treatment overall efficacy was 0, 0, 19, 89, 30, 13, 27, 0, 0, and 67% respectively. Trichostrongylus sp. and Cooperia sp. have shown resistance to all products. Although, ivermectin 3.1% nor the combination ivermectin plus abamectin were used previously against this parasite population, the data confirm the deep development of side-resistance between MLs in the most important cattle nematodes.No Rio Grande do Sul (RS), a bovinocultura de corte, em sua maioria, tem caráter extensivo e o controle parasitário é fundamentado no uso contínuo de drogas anti-helmínticas. Os produtos mais utilizados fazem parte do grupo das lactonas macrocíclicas (LMs). No RS, já existem relatos da ocorrência de resistência a estes produtos em parasitas gastrintestinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a eficácia de 10 LM´s disponíveis comercialmente em bovinos naturalmente infectados. Foram utilizados setenta bovinos da raça Nelore, de aproximadamente um ano de idade. Cada grupo (n=7) foi tratado com doramectina 1% (Dectomaxâ, Pfizer), moxidectina 1% (Cydectinâ, Fort Dodge), quatro ivermectinas 1% (Ivermectinaâ, Ouro Fino; Ivermectinaâ, Jofadel; Imectinâ, Irfa; Dectiverâ, Lapisa); ivermectina 3,1% (Ivomec Goldâ, Merial), duas abamectinas 1% (Abamectinaâ, Jofadel; Abactinâ, Biofarm), e a combinação de abamectina 1,25% com ivermectina 2,25% (Solutionâ, Intervet) na dose recomendada pelo fabricante. Amostras fecais foram colhidas nos dias 0, 7, 14 e 21 pós-tratamento para determinação do número de ovos e cultura de larvas e cálculo do percentual de eficácia com o programa estatístico RESO. A eficácia das drogas foi de 0, 0, 19, 89, 30, 13, 27, 0, 0, e 67% respectivamente, 21 dias pós-tratamento. Os gêneros, Trichostrongylus sp. e Cooperia sp. demonstraram resistência a todos os produtos. Embora nessa população de parasitas gastrintestinais o produto à base de ivermectina 3,1% e da combinação ivermectina e abamectina jamais tenha sido utilizado previamente, os dados obtidos confirmam o grave desenvolvimento da resistência lateral entre as LMs nos mais importantes nematóides de bovinos

Giant magnetoresistance of multiwall carbon nanotubes: modeling the tube/ferromagnetic-electrode burying contact

We report on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) of multiwall carbon nanotubes with ultra small diameters. In particular, we consider the effect of the inter-wall interactions and the lead/nanotube coupling. Comparative studies have been performed to show that in the case when all walls are well coupled to the electrodes, the so-called inverse GMR can appear. The tendency towards a negative GMR depends on the inter-wall interaction and on the nanotube le ngth. If, however, the inner nanotubes are out of contact with one of the electrodes, the GMR remains positive even for relatively strong inter-wall interactions regardless of the outer nanotube length. These results shed additional light on recently reported experimental data, where an inverse GMR was found in some multiwall carbon nanotube samples.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

UX design in agile: a DSDM case study

Integrating User Experience (UX) design with agile development continues to be the subject of academic studies and practitioner discussions. Most of the existing literature focuses on SCRUM and XP, but in this paper we investigate a technical company who use DSDM. Unlike other agile methods, DSDM provides a configurable framework and a set of roles that covers the whole software development process. While elements of the UX design integration experience were similar to those reported with other agile methods, working practices to mitigate the challenges were identified using DSDM’s standard elements. Specifically, communication challenges were mitigated by extending two of DSDM’s standard roles. In addition, a change of focus between a design-led phase and a development-led phase of the project changed the communication challenges. Agile teams need to be aware that this change of focus can happen and the implications that it has for their work

The brief body avoidance and checking scale for physically active men: development and initial validation

The aim of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Brief Body Avoidance and Checking Scale (BBACS) for physically active men. The BBACS is designed to assess the frequency of body checking and avoidance behaviors common among users of gyms and health clubs. Following development of an initial pool of items and content judgment, data from 325 men were collected from gym users and participants in organized sporting events. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for a model with two factors and 12 items. Satisfactory evidence of construct validity and internal consistency was also generated through analysis of factor loadings, t-values, correlations with drive for muscularity and body satisfaction measures, group differences, Cronbach’s alpha, and construct reliability tests. The BBACS appears to be a valid and reliable scale for assessing the frequency of body checking and body avoidance behaviors among physically active men

Qualitative Properties of Magnetic Fields in Scalar Field Cosmology

We study the qualitative properties of the class of spatially homogeneous Bianchi VI_o cosmological models containing a perfect fluid with a linear equation of state, a scalar field with an exponential potential and a uniform cosmic magnetic field, using dynamical systems techniques. We find that all models evolve away from an expanding massless scalar field model in which the matter and the magnetic field are negligible dynamically. We also find that for a particular range of parameter values the models evolve towards the usual power-law inflationary model (with no magnetic field) and, furthermore, we conclude that inflation is not fundamentally affected by the presence of a uniform primordial magnetic field. We investigate the physical properties of the Bianchi I magnetic field models in some detail.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures in REVTeX format. to appear in Phys. Rev.