Teoría del discurso y paradigmas arqueológicos

A theoretical survey is presented of the current theory and methodology of discourse analysis, focusing on the political and scientific discourses. The present paper is explicitly ascribed to Ernesto Laclau’s and the Essex school’s poststructuralist ‘theory of discourse’. After a short introduction to the recent theoretical positions in Spanish archaeology, a quantitative ‘content analysis’ is made of four theoretical papers written in Spanish. The application of the Lacanian ‘nodal point’ (point de capiton) analysis to the texts shows that the more empiricist paradigms (processual and Marxist) need their signifiers to be more strongly fixed (through the nodal points ‘economy’ and ‘production’) than the structuralist and post-processual discourses, which allow for a greater thematic dispersion and flotation of meanings.Se presenta una revisión de la teoría y metodología actuales de análisis del discurso, tanto general como más concretamente de los discursos político y científico, optando por la posición postestructuralista de la “teoría del discurso” de Ernesto Laclau y la “Escuela de Essex”. Tras analizar las posturas teóricas de la arqueología española actual, se hace un “análisis de contenido” cuantitativo de cuatro artículos en castellano, representativos de los paradigmas teóricos actuales más extendidos. Empleando la idea lacaniana de los “puntos nodales” (point de capiton) que dan sentido a los discursos, se advierte cómo los paradigmas más empiricistas (procesualismo, marxismo) necesitan de una mayor fijación del sentido de sus significantes (por los puntos nodales de “economía” y “producción”) que los paradigmas estructuralista y posprocesual, los cuales admiten una mayor dispersión temática e indeterminación de los significantes

Las bases de datos personales en el proceso de la información arqueológica

This note includes some general remarks on computer data base applications to archaeology, as well as a selected bibliography on the subject. The system applied to the excavation record of an Iberian site is briefly explained, and the program and data offered to the interested archaeologists.Esta nota incluye algunas observaciones generales sobre las aplicaciones de Bases de Datos para computador en Arqueología, así como una bibliografía seleccionada sobre el tema; Se explica brevemente el sistema aplicado al registro de excavación de un yacimiento ibérico y el programa y datos ofrecidos a los arqueólogos interesados

Robust people detection by fusion of evidence from multiple methods

Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. V. Fernández-Carbajales, M. A. García, and J. M. Martínez, "Robust People Detection by Fusion of Evidence from Multiple Methods", in Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services, 2008. WIAMIS 2008, p. 55-58.This paper describes and evaluates an algorithm for real-time people detection in video sequences based on the fusion of evidence provided by three simple independent people detectors. Experiments with real video sequences show that the proposed integration-based approach is effective, robust and fast by combining simple algorithms.This work is supported by Cátedra Infoglobal-UAM para “Nuevas tecnologías de vídeo aplicadas a la seguridad”, the Spanish Government (TEC2007- 65400 SemanticVideo) and the Comunidad de Madrid (S-050/TIC-0223 - ProMultiDis-CM)

Archaeology of the Jesuit Missions in the Lake Ṭana Region: Review of the Work in Progress

The Jesuit mission in Ethiopia, which extended from 1557 to 1632, produced important architectonic constructions. Most of these constructions were erected in the provinces of Dä

A Roman bronze and silver handle from the villa of Huerta del Río (Tarancueña, Soria): Archaeological context and interpretation

Se presenta y analiza una pieza romana excepcional de bronce y plata hallada en los niveles superficiales de la villa tardorromana de Tarancueña (Soria) durante la excavación arqueológica de 1979. Esta excavación constituye hasta ahora la única referencia científica sobre dicha villa, dado que las excavaciones posteriores, mucho más amplias, no se han publicado y su documentación está perdida. Tanto los datos de 1979 como lo poco que se conoce de los posteriores apuntan a una ocupación relativamente corta de la villa, a caballo entre los siglos IV y V. Los edificios parecen haber sido abandonados de forma súbita y haberse luego derrumbado paulatinamente, sin ninguna huella de destrucción intencionada. El asa de bronce consta de una escultura superior de un grifo, unas abrazaderas laterales del vaso (que no fue hallado) con volutas y cabezas de ánade, y un asa de agarre inferior que termina en una cabeza de hombre barbudo, posiblemente Sileno. El bronce fue decorado con incrustaciones lineales de plata en varias de sus partes. Todo ello hace referencia a los rituales sociales de consumo del vino, cuyos protectores eran los grifos y el dios Baco. El asa se encontró en superficie, por encima de uno de los muros de la posible pars urbana de la villa, luego no tenía ninguna relación estratigráfica con ésta. Además, del análisis estilístico se deduce su segura cronología alto-imperial, por lo que la pieza fue probablemente conservada durante varios siglos como una posesión valiosa. Al no haber sido hallada en niveles de ocupación, su presencia en el yacimiento queda sin explicar del todo (¿tal vez parte de un escondrijo de piezas valiosas esparcidas por el arado?) y originalmente podría haber procedido de la importante y cercana ciudad de Tiermes o quizás de un posible asentamiento romano situado en el mismo pueblo de Tarancueña, todavía sin investigar.An exceptional Roman bronze and silver piece found in the surface levels of the late Roman villa of Tarancueña (Soria) in the archaeological excavation of 1979 is presented and analysed. This excavation is so far the only scientific reference on this villa, since the later excavations, which were much more extensive, have not been published and their documentation is lost. Both the 1979 data and the little that is known of the following diggings point to a relatively short occupation of the villa, between the 4th and 5th centuries. The buildings seem to have been abandoned suddenly and then gradually collapsed, without any trace of intentional destruction. The bronze handle consists of an upper sculpture of a griffin, side clamps of the vessel (which was not found) with scrolls and duck heads, and a lower grip handle ending in the head of a bearded man, possibly Silenus. The bronze was decorated with linear silver inlays in several parts. All of this refers to the social rituals of wine consumption, whose protectors were the griffins and the god Bacchus. The handle was found on the surface, above one of the walls of what may have been the pars urbana of the villa, therefore it had no stratigraphic relationship with it. Furthermore, stylistic analysis suggests that it is certainly of early imperial chronology, so that the piece was probably preserved for several centuries as a valuable possession. Since it was not found in the occupation levels, its presence at the site is not fully explained (perhaps part of a cache of valuable artefacts that was scattered by the plough?), and originally it could have come from the important nearby city of Tiermes or perhaps from a possible Roman settlement located in the neighbouring village of Tarancueña itself, still uninvestigated

A configurational approach to innovation performance: The role of creativity

In this study, we analyze new ways of conceptualizing improvements in firms’ innovation by implementing the “right-factors configuration,” illustrated through an analog of a recipe and its ingredients. Specifically, we research the multiple combinations of three ingredients (creativity, innovation networks, and resources) required to accomplish the innovation recipe. Using a sample of firms from a Spanish science and technology park, we apply qualitative comparative analysis (QCA)—specifically, fuzzy-set QCA (fsQCA)—to test the importance of each component in technological and non-technological innovation. First, the results suggest a map of combinations of innovative ingredients with eight possible patterns. Second, they show that the only ingredient needed is the combination of a creative climate and creative intensity. Finally, the methods of obtaining technological and non-technological innovations differ. The implications for management and policymakers are discussed, and directions for future research are highlighted