Reconfigurable Model for RISC Processors

The instruction set of a processor is embodied in the particular micro-architecture representing the processor hardware. Verifying proper operation of the instruction set for a particular processor hardware implementation requires exhaustive testing to expose unknown dependencies and other elusive design flaws. This paper presents the research and development of a flexible micro-architectural model written in SystemC for a RISC processor based upon a user defined configuration database; the RISC processor is based on an architecture assigned in course Design of Computer Systems (DCS) offered at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT). This model will be tested by a test bench written in SystemVerilog, using randomly generated instructions, and results will be compared with various DCS student processors originally developed at the Register Transfer Level (RTL) in a Hardware Description Language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL. The test bench will provide stimulus such as the system clock and random instructions through a program memory attached to both the model and RTL processor. The main goal of this work is to automate verification and validation of a diverse set of processors designed in RTL by using an appropriate configuration database and comparison of all states and signals from the processor being tested and the model developed by the author. The test results will be compared and discussed

Atuação Jurídico-Estatal para o Desenvolvimento Regional: As Políticas Nacionais de Desenvolvimento Regional e o Estatuto da Metrópole

This study aims to present two recent legal mechanisms by which Brazilian state has designed a regional planning focused on the development. In addition to reiterating the state's role twoards development, it emphasizes the function of institutions in coordinating and resolving conflicts between federal entities. In this context, legal science has a profound relevance, both when considered in itself, due to the construction of a framework for the promotion of liberties, as well as an instrument for governance and for the accountability of the state administration to private sectors and civil society. Thus, regional development policies matter, since they enable a better allocation of public policies and fundings necessary for the sustentability of regions, in different levels. On the other hand, the Statute of the Metropolis comes to be another instrument related to the good living in cities, when it requires that essential public services shall be conceived and managed in a harmonious and collective way. The result of such initiatives must be thought, always, as a self-reinforcing spiral of one's participation and its own emancipation.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar dois mecanismos jurídicos recentes pelos quais o Estado brasileiro projetou um planejamento regional voltado para o desenvolvimento. Além de reiterar o papel do Estado na busca pelo desenvolvimento, ressalta-se a função das instituições na coordenação e solução dos conflitos entre entes federados. Nesse contexto, a ciência jurídica tem profunda relevância, tanto em si mesma, haja vista a construção de um arcabouço de promoção das liberdades, como instrumental, na governança e na abertura da administração estatal para setores privados e sociedade civil. Assim, as políticas de desenvolvimento regional são relevantes, haja vista viabilizarem uma melhor repartição das políticas públicas e dos financiamentos necessários à sustentabilidade das regiões, em diversas escalas. De outro lado, o Estatuto da Metrópole vem para somar com outras iniciativas relacionadas ao bem viver nas cidades, quando exige que serviços públicos essenciais sejam concebidos e geridos de forma harmônica e coletiva. O resultado das iniciativas deve ser pensado, sempre, como uma espiral auto-reforçada entre participação dos indivíduos e sua emancipação

Genotyping-by-sequencing Approach Indicates Geographic Distance As The Main Factor Affecting Genetic Structure And Gene Flow In Brazilian Populations Of Grapholita Molesta (lepidoptera, Tortricidae).

The oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta is one of the major pests of stone and pome fruit species in Brazil. Here, we applied 1226 SNPs obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing to test whether host species associations or other factors such as geographic distance structured populations of this pest. Populations from the main areas of occurrence of G. molesta were sampled principally from peach and apple orchards. Three main clusters were recovered by neighbor-joining analysis, all defined by geographic proximity between sampling localities. Overall genetic structure inferred by a nonhierarchical amova resulted in a significant ΦST value = 0.19109. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that SNPs gathered by genotyping-by-sequencing can be used to infer genetic structure of a pest insect in Brazil; moreover, our results indicate that those markers are very informative even over a restricted geographic scale. We also demonstrate that host plant association has little effect on genetic structure among Brazilian populations of G. molesta; on the other hand, reduced gene flow promoted by geographic isolation has a stronger impact on population differentiation.8476-48

Genotyping-by-sequencing approach indicates geographic distance as the main factor affecting genetic structure and gene flow in brazilian populations of grapholita molesta (lepidoptera, Tortricidae)

The oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta is one of the major pests of stone and pome fruit species in Brazil. Here, we applied 1226 SNPs obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing to test whether host species associations or other factors such as geographic distance structured populations of this pest. Populations from the main areas of occurrence of G.molesta were sampled principally from peach and apple orchards. Three main clusters were recovered by neighbor-joining analysis, all defined by geographic proximity between sampling localities. Overall genetic structure inferred by a nonhierarchical amova resulted in a significant phi(ST) value=0.19109. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that SNPs gathered by genotyping-by-sequencing can be used to infer genetic structure of a pest insect in Brazil; moreover, our results indicate that those markers are very informative even over a restricted geographic scale. We also demonstrate that host plant association has little effect on genetic structure among Brazilian populations of G.molesta; on the other hand, reduced gene flow promoted by geographic isolation has a stronger impact on population differentiation85476485CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP578509/2008-3; 200942/2012-32011/00417-3Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canad

Dissociated Fear and Spatial Learning in Mice with Deficiency of Ataxin-2

Mouse models with physiological and behavioral differences attributable to differential plasticity of hippocampal and amygdalar neuronal networks are rare. We previously generated ataxin-2 (Atxn2) knockout mice and demonstrated that these animals lacked obvious anatomical abnormalities of the CNS, but showed marked obesity and reduced fertility. We now report on behavioral changes as a consequence of Atxn2-deficiency. Atxn2-deficiency was associated with impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) in the amygdala, but normal LTP in the hippocampus. Intact hippocampal plasticity was associated behaviorally with normal Morris Water maze testing. Impaired amygdala plasticity was associated with reduced cued and contextual fear conditioning. Conditioned taste aversion, however, was normal. In addition, knockout mice showed decreased innate fear in several tests and motor hyperactivity in open cage testing. Our results suggest that Atxn2-deficiency results in a specific set of behavioral and cellular disturbances that include motor hyperactivity and abnormal fear-related behaviors, but intact hippocampal function. This animal model may be useful for the study of anxiety disorders and should encourage studies of anxiety in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2)

PERCEPÇÕES DOS DISCENTES DIANTE DA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO CONTÁBIL: UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO SOB A ÓTICA DA TRÍADE INDISSOLÚVEL - ENSINO, PESQUISA E EXTENSÃO

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e evidenciar diante da percepção dos discentes do curso de ciências contábeis de que maneira o processo de convergência contábil tem impactado o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão. Para atingir os objetivos propostos foi realizada além do levantamento bibliográfico, uma pesquisa de campo com utilização de um questionário com perguntas abertas e para tratamento dos dados a técnica de análise de conteúdo. A investigação é de caráter exploratório haja vista que não há ainda nenhum estudo empírico que trate da questão da convergência das normas internacionais correlacionados a tríade: ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Pode-se concluir diante da pesquisa realizada, que se faz cada vez mais importante alinhar o processo de internacionalização contábil à educação que privilegie espaços de atuação com autonomia e ética, vez que o posicionamento contábil diante da subjetividade que se apresenta em algumas práticas e normas requer retidão no desenvolvimento das atividades, além da constante necessidade de aperfeiçoamento profissional. A tríade: ensino, pesquisa e extensão contribui para uma formação holística e preparada às recentes mudanças e as que advirão

Metodologias participativas na análise de experiências de movimentos sociais nas periferias Latino-Americanas

Este artigo apresenta a proposta de metodologias participativas utilizadas em projetos de pesquisa sobre movimentos sociais nas periferias latino-americanas e reflexões críticas sobre procedimentos metodológicos nos estudos de experiências de movimentos sociais. El presente artículo presenta una propuesta de metodologías participativas utilizadas en proyectos de investigación sobre movimientos sociales en las periferias latinoamericanas y reflexiones críticas sobre procedimientos metodológicos en los estudios de experiencias de movimientos sociales.This article presents the proposal of participatory methodologies used in research projects on social movements in the Latin American peripheries and critical reflections on methodological procedures in the studies of experiences of social movements

Static Observers in Curved Spaces and Non-inertial Frames in Minkowski Spacetime

Static observers in curved spacetimes may interpret their proper acceleration as the opposite of a local gravitational field (in the Newtonian sense). Based on this interpretation and motivated by the equivalence principle, we are led to investigate congruences of timelike curves in Minkowski spacetime whose acceleration field coincides with the acceleration field of static observers of curved spaces. The congruences give rise to non-inertial frames that are examined. Specifically we find, based on the locality principle, the embedding of simultaneity hypersurfaces adapted to the non-inertial frame in an explicit form for arbitrary acceleration fields. We also determine, from the Einstein equations, a covariant field equation that regulates the behavior of the proper acceleration of static observers in curved spacetimes. It corresponds to an exact relativistic version of the Newtonian gravitational field equation. In the specific case in which the level surfaces of the norm of the acceleration field of the static observers are maximally symmetric two-dimensional spaces, the energy-momentum tensor of the source is analyzed.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures