2,484 research outputs found
Graphene-Based FET Detector for E. coli K12 Real-Time Monitoring and Its Theoretical Analysis
This paper presents a theoretical analysis for a graphene-based FET real-time detector of the target bacteria E. coli K12. The motivation for this study is to design a sensor device for detection of bacteria in food and water in order to guarantee food safety. Graphene is chosen as our material for sensor design, which has outstanding electrical, physical, and optical performance. In our sensor structure, graphene-based solution gate field effect transistor (FET) is the device model; fabrication and functionalization protocol are presented together in this paper. What is more, a real-time signal display system is the accompanied equipment for our designed biosensor device. In this system, the sensor bias current signal would change obviously when the target bacteria are attached to the sensor surface. And the bias current increases when the E. coli concentration increases. In the latter part, a theoretical interpretation of the sensor signal is to explain the bias current increasing after the E. coli K12 attachment.published_or_final_versio
Twisted bilayer U(1) Dirac spin liquids
When two layers of two-dimensional materials are assembled with a relative
twist, moir\'e patterns arise, inducing a tremendous wealth of exotic
phenomena. In this work, we consider twisting two triangular lattices hosting
Dirac quantum spin liquids. Using recent results for the monopole scaling
dimensions and quantum numbers of the Dirac spin liquid state, we show that, in
the bilayer system, interlayer monopole tunneling is a symmetry-allowed
relevant perturbation and can lead to ordered bilayer states. We analyze the
effect of this interlayer tunneling using a mean field theory in both the
weak-coupling and strong-coupling regimes. In particular, when the spin
monopoles can tunnel, we find a tunable lattice of magnetic vortices at strong
coupling.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figure
Revealing the role of λ-carrageenan on the enhancement of gel-related properties of acid-induced soy protein isolate/λ-carrageenan system
This work explored the pivotal role of λ-carrageenan in fortifying the gel structure, consequently enhancing gel-related attributes within an acid-induced soy protein isolate/λ-carrageenan system (SPI/Car). The model system was prepared by subjecting a thermally treated mixture of these two biopolymers to acidification. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and chemical force analysis unveiled the profound influence of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions in the formation of the intricate network architecture of SPI/Car gels. Remarkably, λ-carrageenan interacted with the hydrophilic groups on the surface of agglomerated SPI particles, effectively composing the fundamental framework of SPI/Car gels. Simultaneously, λ-carrageenan emerged as a linchpin through hydrogen bonding, establishing pivotal crosslinking connections. The introduction of λ-carrageenan resulted in a reduction in SPI particle size, the dispersion of previously formed aggregates, and a subtle blurring of the SPI particles. It also significantly heightened the prevalence of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, ultimately giving rise to a robust yet somewhat coarse gel structure, as evidenced by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). These profound structural alterations underpinned the enhancement of water-holding capacity (WHC) and gel hardness in SPI/Car gels. These findings hold promise for the rational design and application of SPI-based systems in the production of processed vegetarian and vegan foods
Enhanced Orbital Degeneracy in Momentum Space for LaOFeAs
The Fermi surfaces (FS) of LaOFeAs (in =0 plane) consist of two
hole-type circles around point, which do not touch each other, and two
electron-type co-centered ellipses around M point, which are degenerate along
the M-X line. By first-principles calculations, here we show that additional
degeneracy exists for the two electron-type FS, and the crucial role of
F-doping and pressure is to enhance this orbital degeneracy. It is suggested
that the inter-orbital fluctuation is the key point to understand the
unconventional superconductivity in these materials.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
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IKKα inactivation promotes Kras-initiated lung adenocarcinoma development through disrupting major redox regulatory pathways.
Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two distinct and predominant types of human lung cancer. IκB kinase α (IKKα) has been shown to suppress lung SCC development, but its role in ADC is unknown. We found inactivating mutations and homologous or hemizygous deletions in the CHUK locus, which encodes IKKα, in human lung ADCs. The CHUK deletions significantly reduced the survival time of patients with lung ADCs harboring KRAS mutations. In mice, lung-specific Ikkα ablation (IkkαΔLu ) induces spontaneous ADCs and promotes KrasG12D-initiated ADC development, accompanied by increased cell proliferation, decreased cell senescence, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. IKKα deletion up-regulates NOX2 and down-regulates NRF2, leading to ROS accumulation and blockade of cell senescence induction, which together accelerate ADC development. Pharmacologic inhibition of NADPH oxidase or ROS impairs KrasG12D-mediated ADC development in IkkαΔLu mice. Therefore, IKKα modulates lung ADC development by controlling redox regulatory pathways. This study demonstrates that IKKα functions as a suppressor of lung ADC in human and mice through a unique mechanism that regulates tumor cell-associated ROS metabolism
Qinghai–tibetan plateau peatland sustainable utilization under anthropogenic disturbances and climate change
Often referred to as the “Third Pole,” China's Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau developed large amounts of peatland owing to its unique alpine environment. As a renewable resource, peat helps to regulate the climate as well as performing other important functions. However, in recent years, intensifying climate change and anthropogenic disturbances have resulted in peatland degradation and consequently made sustainable development of peatland more difficult. This review summarizes peatland ecological and economic functions, including carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, energy supplies, and ecotourism. It identifies climate change and anthropogenic disturbances as the two key factors attributing to peatland degradation and ecosystem carbon loss. Current problems in environmental degradation and future challenges in peatland management under the effects of global warming are also discussed and highlighted
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Fluid Structure Interaction of Multiple Flapping Filaments Using Lattice Boltzmann and Immersed Boundary Methods
The problem of flapping filaments in an uniform incoming flow is tackled using a Lattice Boltzmann—Immersed Boundary method. The fluid momentum equations are solved on a Cartesian uniform lattice while the beating filaments are tracked through a series of markers, whose dynamics are functions of the forces exerted by the fluid, the filament flexural rigidity and the tension. The instantaneous wall conditions on the filament are imposed via a system of singular body forces, consistently discretised on the lattice of the Boltzmann equation. We first consider the case of a single beating filament, and then the case of multiple beating filaments in a side-by-side configuration, focussing on the modal behaviour of the whole dynamical systems
Anomalies of upper critical field in the spinel superconductor LiTiO
High-field electrical transport and point-contact tunneling spectroscopy were
used to investigate superconducting properties of the unique spinel oxide,
LiTiO films with various oxygen content. We find that the
upper critical field gradually increases as more oxygen
impurities are brought into the samples by carefully tuning the deposition
atmosphere. It is striking that although the superconducting transition
temperature and energy gap are almost unchanged, an astonishing isotropic
up to 26 Tesla is observed in oxygen-rich sample, which
is doubled compared to the anoxic sample and breaks the Pauli limit. Such
anomalies of were rarely reported in other three dimensional
superconductors. Combined with all the anomalies, three dimensional spin-orbit
interaction induced by tiny oxygen impurities is naturally proposed to account
for the remarkable enhancement of in oxygen-rich
LiTiO films. Such mechanism could be general and therefore
provides ideas for optimizing practical superconductors with higher
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