Degradación fotocatalítica de un derivado del 4,4'-bis(1,3,5- triazinilamino)-estilbeno-2,2'-disulfonato en solución acuosa por el proceso foto-fenton (uv/fe3+/h2o2 )

La degradación fotocatalítica del blanqueador óptico derivado del 4,4'-bis(1,3,5- triazinilamino)-estilbeno-2,2'-disulfonato fue realizada por el proceso de oxidación avanzada UV/Fe+3/H2O2 (foto-Fenton). Se encontraron las condiciones óptimas de pH, concentraciones de Fe+3, H2O2. Durante el fototratamiento, fueron hechos ensayos para obtener información concerniente a la variación de: a) las absorbancias relativas y b) Demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) de la solución del blanqueador óptico tratada. Con este sistema de fotodegradación, el 72% de la concentración inicial del compuesto fue removido y se obtuvo unamineralización del 65% de la muestra total

Degradación fotocatalítica de un derivado del 4,4'-bis(1,3,5- triazinilamino)-estilbeno-2,2'-disulfonato en solución acuosa por el proceso foto-fenton (uv/fe3+/h2o2 )

La degradación fotocatalítica del blanqueador óptico derivado del 4,4'-bis(1,3,5- triazinilamino)-estilbeno-2,2'-disulfonato fue realizada por el proceso de oxidación avanzada UV/Fe+3/H2O2 (foto-Fenton). Se encontraron las condiciones óptimas de pH, concentraciones de Fe+3, H2O2. Durante el fototratamiento, fueron hechos ensayos para obtener información concerniente a la variación de: a) las absorbancias relativas y b) Demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) de la solución del blanqueador óptico tratada. Con este sistema de fotodegradación, el 72% de la concentración inicial del compuesto fue removido y se obtuvo unamineralización del 65% de la muestra total

Knowledge about COVID-19 and pandemic impact on Madrid dental students (Spain)

COVID-19 has had a major impact on dental activity, with implications on dental education. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge about it and the pandemic impact on Spanish dental students. An observational and cross-sectional study with a 1

Analysis of Plant Growth-Promoting Effects of Fluorescent Pseudomonas Strains Isolated from Mentha piperita Rhizosphere and Effects of Their Volatile Organic Compounds on Essential Oil Composition

Many species or strains of the genus Pseudomonas have been characterized as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). We used a combination of phenotypic and genotypic techniques to analyze the community of fluorescent Pseudomonas strains in the rhizosphere of commercially grown Mentha piperita (peppermint). Biochemical techniques, Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA), and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the majority of the isolated native fluorescent strains were P. putida. Use of two Repetitive Sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) techniques, BOX-PCR and ERIC-PCR, allowed us to evaluate diversity among the native strains and to more effectively distinguish among them. PGPR activity was tested for the native strains and reference strain P. fluorescens WCS417r. Micropropagated M. piperita plantlets were exposed to microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) emitted by the bacterial strains, and plant biomass parameters and production of essential oils (EOs) were measured. mVOCs from 11 of the native strains caused an increase in shoot fresh weight. mVOCs from three native strains (SJ04, SJ25,SJ48) induced changes in M. pierita EO composition. The mVOCs caused a reduction of metabolites in the monoterpene pathway, for example menthofuran, and an increase in menthol production. Menthol production is the primary indicator of EO quality. The mVOCs produced by native strains SJ04, SJ25,SJ48 and strain WCS417r were analyzed. The obtained mVOC chromatographic profiles were unique for each of the three native strains analyzed, containing varying hydrocarbon, aromatic, and alogenic compounds. The differential effects of the strains were most likely due to the specific mixtures of mVOCs emitted by each strain, suggesting a synergistic effect occurs among the compounds present

El poblado de Alarcos (Ciudad Real) en los inicios del I milenio a.C.: estructuras y materiales cerámicos

The final Bronze Age and Early Iron Age of the south-western Meseta were insufficiently documented to be properly characterized until the final years of the 20th century. However, recent work at settlements such as Alarcos (Ciudad Real) has obtained valuable information about the habitat structures and a large amount of well contextualized archaeological material (mainly pottery painted after firing). These are carefully-made tablewares whose decoration indicates a selective adoption of fashions and customs of Tartessian inspiration (e.g., Carambolo type and burnished-lattice ceramics) as consequence of commercial exchanges. This new data is helping us achieve a better understanding of the new settlement patterns that started to appear at that time in the middle valley of the Guadiana river and shows the dynamism of the communities located there.Hasta finales del siglo XX la etapa protohistórica correspondiente al Bronce Final- Hierro I en el área sudoccidental de la Meseta no contaba con una documentación arqueológica suficientemente amplia para proceder a su caracterización. En los últimos años los trabajos desarrollados en poblados como Alarcos han logrado obtener una interesante información sobre estructuras de hábitat que han permitido contextualizar y fechar un amplio y variado elenco de cerámicas pintadas postcocción, entre otros materiales arqueológicos, que solo se conocían por prospección superficial. Destaca una vajilla cuidada decorada, pensada para un uso selecto que reproduce modas y costumbres de clara inspiración tartésica como las cerámicas de tipo Carambolo y de retícula bruñida, cuya presencia no sería resultado de una posible colonización tartésica sino el fruto de intercambios comerciales. Gracias a la investigación en curso se empiezan a detallar las características del nuevo patrón de poblamiento que empieza a gestarse en la transición del II al I milenio a.C. en el valle medio del Guadiana, cuyo dinamismo y relaciones comerciales con el Bajo Guadalquivir ponen de manifiesto los materiales cerámicos de este estudio

Maturity Ogives Analysis of European Hake from Southern Stock

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Acoustic assessment and distribution of the main pelagic fish species in ICES Subdivision 9a South during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2020-10 Spanish survey (October 2020)

The present working document summarises the main results obtained from the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2020-10 Spanish (pelagic ecosystem-) acoustic-trawl survey conducted by IEO between 02nd and 21st October 2020 in the Portuguese and Spanish shelf waters (20-200 m isobaths) off the Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) onboard the R/V Ramón Margalef. The survey’s main objective is the acoustic assessment of anchovy and sardine juveniles (age 0 fish) in the GoC recruitment areas. The 21 foreseen acoustic transects were sampled. A total of 22 valid fishing hauls were carried out for echo-trace ground-truthing purposes. Chub mackerel, anchovy, mackerel and sardine were the most frequent captured species in the fishing hauls, followed by bogue, horse mackerel, Mediterranean horse mackerel and blue jack mackerel. Boarfish, longspine snipefish and pearlside showed an incidental occurrence in the hauls performed in the surveyed area. Sardine, anchovy, chub mackerel and mackerel showed the highest yields. Total and regional estimates of total NASC allocated to the “pelagic fish species assemblage” in this survey become the historical records in their time-series. Such estimates are the result of the relatively high acoustic contributions of sardine (both in Portuguese and Spanish waters), anchovy (in Spanish waters), and chub mackerel (in Portuguese waters). GoC anchovy was widely distributed in the surveyed area, although higher densities were recorded between east of Cape Santa Maria and Bay of Cadiz. Anchovy acoustic estimates in autumn 2020, 36 070 t and 3197 million fish, showed a decrease in relation to the historical peak recorded the last year, but they were either close (abundance) or even higher (biomass) than the time-series average. The population was composed by fishes not older than 3 years. As usual, the bulk of the population, including juveniles, was located in Spanish waters. Age-0 anchovies accounted for 75% (2385 million) and 58% (21 060 t) of the total estimated abundance and biomass, respectively. Age-0 estimates experienced a similar decreasing trend than the one showed by the whole population in relation to the historical peak recorded the year before, but with values close to the time-series average. GoC sardine experienced a huge increase in autumn 2020, rising up to its time-series maximum and yielding 208 400 t and 5451 million fish, with similar regional contributions to the population and with the juveniles being located in the Spanish coastal waters. Age-6 group was the oldest age group in the population, although the occurrence of fishes older than 4 years was incidental. The population was mainly composed by fishes belonging to the age-0 to age-2 groups. Juvenile sardines (age-0 group) were the dominant group, accounting for 45% and 24% of the total abundance (2454 million) and biomass (49 259 t), respectively. This age-group also recorded its historical maximum in 2020. Chub mackerel estimates were of 22 918 t and 295 million fish, representing a slight decrease compared with the last year, but still above the time-series average. The population was composed by fishes not older than 3 years, with the age-1 group being the dominant one (73%, 216 million, and 75%, 17 082 t, of the total abundance and biomass). Age-0 fish was the second most important age group in the estimated population (17%, 51 million fish, and 12%, 2759 t, of the total abundance and biomass estimates). The bulk of the age-0 (73%) and age-1 groups (74%) was recorded in the Portuguese water

Acoustic assessment and distribution of the main pelagic fish species in ICES Subdivision 9a South during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2021-10 Spanish survey (October 2021).

The present working document summarises the main results obtained from the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2021-10 Spanish (pelagic ecosystem-) acoustic-trawl survey conducted by IEO between 21st October and 07th November 2021 in the Portuguese and Spanish shelf waters (20-200 m isobaths) off the Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) onboard the R/V Ramón Margalef. The survey suffered a ten-day delay in relation to the usual starting dates. The survey’s main objective is the acoustic assessment of anchovy and sardine juveniles (age 0 fish) in the GoC recruitment areas. The 21 foreseen acoustic transects were sampled. A total of 18 valid fishing hauls were carried out for echo-trace ground-truthing purposes. Chub mackerel, anchovy and sardine were the most frequent captured species in the fishing hauls, followed by horse mackerel, bogue, Atlantic mackerel, Mediterranean horse mackerel and blue jack mackerel. Boarfish, longspine snipefish and pearlside showed an incidental occurrence in the hauls performed in the surveyed area. Sardine and chub mackerel showed the highest yields in these hauls, followed by anchovy and Mediterranean horse mackerel. Total and Spanish estimates of total NASC allocated to the “pelagic fish species assemblage” in this survey showed lower values than those recorded last year, whereas the Portuguese estimates showed an increasing trend. GoC anchovy was widely distributed in the surveyed area, although avoided the easternmost waters. Higher densities were recorded between Alfanzina and west of Cape Santa Maria, in the Algarve, and between Isla Cristina and Bay of Cadiz. Anchovy acoustic estimates in autumn 2021, 17 512 t and 1973 million fish, experienced 38% and 51% decreases in abundance and biomass, respectively, in relation to the last year’s autumn estimates and they were lower than their time-series averages. The population was composed by fishes not older than 2 years. As usual, the bulk of the population, including juveniles, was located in Spanish waters. Age-0 anchovies accounted for 83% (1629 million) and 69% (12 063 t) of the total estimated abundance and biomass, respectively. Age-0 estimates experienced a similar decreasing trend than the one showed by the whole population in relation to the historical peak recorded in 2019, but with values close to the time-series average. GoC sardine was widely distributed all over the surveyed area (also avoiding the easternmost waters) and recorded a relatively high acoustic echo-integration in autumn 2021 as a consequence of the occurrence of dense mid-water schools in the Algarve coastal and inner shelf waters (20-78 m). Abundance (2986 million fish) and biomass (151 320 t) estimates were the second historical records within its respective series, although they represented 83% and 38% decreases in relation to the last year’s estimates. GoC sardine population was mainly concentrated in Portuguese waters. Age-5 group was the oldest age group in the population, although the occurrence of fishes older than 4 years was incidental. The population was mainly composed by fishes belonging to the age-0 to age-2 groups. Juvenile sardines (age-0 group) were not the dominant group, accounting for 21% (638 million) and 9% (12 854 t) of the total abundance and biomass, respectively. The bulk of this juvenile fraction was recorded in Spanish coastal waters. Chub mackerel was also widely distributed in the surveyed area, but showing higher densities in three between Cape San Vicente and Mazagón. Chub mackerel estimates were of 13 115 t and 106 million fish, accounting for 64% and 43% strong decreases in relation to the estimates in the previous year and with the above values being lower than their time-series average. The population was mainly concentrated in Portuguese waters and it was composed by fishes not older than 5 years, with the age-1 group being the dominant one. Age-0 fish was the second most important age group in the estimated population ((24%, 26 million fish, and 13%, 1689 t, of the total abundance and biomass estimates). The bulk of the age-0 and age-1 groups were recorded in the Portuguese waters, whereas older age-groups were more frequent in Spanish waters

Predicting Effortful Control at 3 Years of Age from Measures of Attention and Home Environment in Infancy: A Machine Learning Approach

Effortful control (EC) is a dimension of temperament that encompass individual differences in self-regulation and the control of reactivity. Much research suggests that EC has a strong foundation on the development of executive attention, but increasing evidence also shows a significant contribution of the rearing environment to individual differences in EC. The aim of the current study was to predict the development of EC at 36 months of age from early attentional and environmental measures taken in infancy using a machine learning approach. A sample of 78 infants participated in a longitudinal study running three waves of data collection at 6, 9, and 36 months of age. Attentional tasks were administered at 6 months of age, with two additional measures (i.e., one attentional measure and another self-restraint measure) being collected at 9 months of age. Parents reported household environment variables during wave 1, and their child’s EC at 36 months. A machinelearning algorithm was implemented to identify children with low EC scores at 36 months of age. An “attention only” model showed greater predictive sensitivity than the “environmental only” model. However, a model including both attentional and environmental variables was able to classify the groups (Low-EC vs. Average-to-High EC) with 100% accuracy. Sensitivity analyses indicate that socioeconomic variables together with attention control processes at 6 months, and self-restraint capacity at 9 months, are the most important predictors of EC. Results suggest a foundational role of executive attention processes in the development of EC in complex interactions with household environments and provide a new tool to identify early markers of socio-emotional regulation development.Spanish State Research Agency (Ref: PSI2017-82670-PPID2020-113996GB-I00)PRE2018-083592Maria ZambranoThe Spanish Government through the European Union NextGeneration EU fund