Spectral stability of monotone traveling fronts for reaction diffusion-degenerate Nagumo equations

This paper establishes the spectral stability of monotone traveling front solutions for reaction-diffusion equations where the reaction function is of Nagumo (or bistable) type and with diffusivities which are density dependent and degenerate at zero (one of the equilibrium points of the reaction). Spectral stability is understood as the property that the spectrum of the linearized operator around the wave, acting on an exponentially weighted space, is contained in the complex half plane with non-positive real part. Three different types of monotone waves are studied: (i) stationary diffusion-degenerate fronts, connecting the two stable equilibria of the reaction; (ii) traveling diffusion-degenerate fronts connecting zero with the unstable equilibrium; and, (iii) non-degenerate fronts. In the first two cases, the degeneracy is responsible of the loss of hyperbolicity of the asymptotic coefficient matrices of the spectral problem at one of the end points, precluding the application of standard techniques to locate the essential spectrum. This difficulty is overcome with a suitable partition of the spectrum, a generalized convergence of operators technique, the analysis of singular (or Weyl) sequences and the use of energy estimates. The monotonicity of the fronts, as well as detailed descriptions of the decay structure of eigenfunctions on a case by case basis, are key ingredients to show that all traveling fronts under consideration are spectrally stable in a suitably chosen exponentially weighted $L^2$ energy space.Comment: 53 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl

Multidisciplinary consensus on optimising the detection of NTRK gene alterations in tumours

Fusions de gens; Oncologia molecular; NeoplàsiaFusiones de genes; Oncología molecular; NeoplasiaGene fusions; Molecular oncology; NeoplasmThe recent identification of rearrangements of neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) genes and the development of specific fusion protein inhibitors, such as larotrectinib and entrectinib, have revolutionised the diagnostic and clinical management of patients presenting with tumours with these alterations. Tumours that harbour NTRK fusions are found in both adults and children; and they are either rare tumours with common NTRK fusions that may be diagnostic, or more prevalent tumours with rare NTRK fusions. To assess currently available evidence on this matter, three key Spanish medical societies (the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM), the Spanish Society of Pathological Anatomy (SEAP), and the Spanish Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (SEHOP) have brought together a group of experts to develop a consensus document that includes guidelines on the diagnostic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of NTRK-fusion tumours. This document also discusses the challenges related to the routine detection of these genetic alterations in a mostly public Health Care System.SEOM, SEAP and SEHOP have received financial support for this project in the form of unrestricted collaboration in the logistics of expert meeting from Bayer and Roche

Modelo de desarrollo local para el sector rural: aplicación a un estudio de caso en puebla, México

La producción de durazno mejorado en Chiautzingo, Puebla, se realiza aproximadamente por 100 productores que disponen de una hectárea cada uno. La presencia de heladas severas ha afectado la producción y el ingreso, por lo que ha recurrido a préstamos del Ayuntamiento para adquirir insumos. El objetivo en este trabajo fue elaborar una propuesta de modelo de desarrollo local, y su aplicación en el caso de la producción de durazno de Chiautzingo. El modelo se formuló con base en cuatro elementos, dos en el contexto rural: ámbito de actuación territorial y, participación social en forma organizada; y otros dos en el contexto institucional: generación de conocimiento y uso de información y, apoyos técnicos y económicos para operar programas y financiar proyectos productivos. La aplicación del modelo se inició en un grupo de 52 productores, donde mediante una acción de acompañamiento, fue posible contribuir en el proceso de organización. Se proporcionó los servicios de investigación, capacitación, asesoría técnica continua, información, tecnología, plantas, insumos, herramienta profesional para poda, equipo de aspersión. Esto se logró mediante la interacción de los productores con personal del Colegio de Postgraduados, Ayuntamiento municipal, Consejo estatal de productores de durazno y la Secretaría de Desarrollo Rural

Culture: Not just Burns – what about the poet Robert Fergusson?

No abstract available

Surface shape resonances in lamellar metallic gratings

The specular reflectivity of lamellar gratings of gold with grooves 0.5 microns wide separated by a distance of 3.5 microns was measured on the 2000 cm$^{-1}$ - 7000 cm$^{-1}$ spectral range for p-polarized light. For the first time, experimental evidence of the excitation of electromagnetic surface shape resonances for optical frequencies is given. In these resonances the electric field is highly localized inside the grooves and is almost zero in all other regions. For grooves of depth equal to 0.6 microns, we have analyzed one of these modes whose wavelength (3.3 microns) is much greater than the lateral dimension of the grooves.Comment: 4 pages (LaTex), 5 postscript figures, to be published in Physical Review Letter

USE OF MORINGA SEED (Moringa oleifera Lam.) AS A BIOCOAGULANT TO IMPROVE SURFACE WATER QUALITY

Using Moringa oleifera (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seed as a biocoagulant to enhance surface water's physical and chemical quality was the goal of this study. The methodology applied for the generation of experimental data was through the use of the Jar Test equipment, in a dose of 40 mg/L to 140 mg/L, then a fast mixing of 100 rpm for 1 minute and a slow mixing of 40 rpm for 10 minutes was performed, and sedimentation was left for 5 to 30 minutes, with 5 minutes intervals between each dose. The results show that an optimal biocoagulant dose of 100 mg/L at 20 minutes produced a turbidity reduction effectiveness of 97.06%. Hardness fell by 12% of its starting value, conductivity and total dissolved solids increased dramatically, and there was a 92.3% reduction in perceived colour, which showed that the use of Moringa seeds as a coagulant had a favourable effect on reducing the concentration of turbidity and colour. Because of this, Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) can be used as a natural source to purify drinking water. The Tukey HSD test applied to the turbidity removal percentages, indicates that the means are not significantly different. However, the experimental evaluation indicates that after 20 minutes, the best results are obtained