Estudio de calidad de vida de pacientes con coxartrosis

La artroplastia de cadera secundaria a artrosis es una de las intervenciones más frecuentes dentro de la cirugía ortopédica. La coxartrosis produce una limitación funcional severa, que invalida a los pacientes y los hace dependientes para sus actividades cotidianas. Se calcula la calidad de vida aportada en las intervenciones de reemplazo articular de cadera de 85 pacientes con coxartrosis utilizando el “EQ-5D”. La puntuación media preoperatoria fue 0,222 ± 0,320 y la postoperatoria 0,794 ± 0,251. El incremento de calidad de vida en función de la edad de los pacientes siguió una tendencia descendente (β= −0,010), sin diferencias significativas (p=0,214). El incremento de calidad de vida no se vió condicionado por la presencia de infección (p>0,5), duración de la intervención (p>0,5) ni tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (p>0,5). La sustitución de esta articulación ha transformado la vida de muchos de los pacientes incrementando su calidad de vida, principalmente en pacientes que ingresan por coxartrosis en comparación con otros diagnósticos.Hip replacement secondary to osteoarthritis is one of the most performed surgeries in orthopaedic surgery. Osteoarthritis produces a severe functional limitation that invalidates patients and makes them dependent for their daily activities. It is calculated the quality of life provided by hip replacement procedure in 85 osteoarthritis patients using the “EQ-5D”. The mean preoperative score was 0.222 ± 0.320 and the postoperative score 0.794 ± 0.251. The increase in quality of life according to patients age followed a descendent tendency (β= −0.010), without a statitically relationship (p=0.214). The increase in quality of life was not conditioned by infection (p>0.5), length of stay (p>0.5) or length of the procedure (p>0.5). Joint replacement has changed the lives of many patients, increasing their quality of life, mainly in osteoarthritis patients compared to patients with other diagnosis

Relaciones talla peso del barbul Pimelodus clarias en la Cuenca del Río Sinú, Colombia.

Piscicultur

Infección protésica de cadera : recambio en dos tiempos en una serie de 50 casos

Chronic infection in hip replacement is an important complication with a complex treatment, that is solved by adequate antibiotic therapy together with single-stage exchange or two-stage exchange. We present a descriptiveand retrospective study of a series of 50 consecutive patients operated on in our center with a diagnosis of chronic infection of the hip prosthesis between 2007 and 2018 with a two-stage exchange.At a mean follow-up of 52 months, the overall implant survival was 89%, with a 91% infection cure rate. The most frequent microorganism isolated was Staphylococcus epidermidis. The mean score achieved on the HHS was 82,4 points and 1.67 points on the visual analogue scale. We obtained better functional results (p=0,021) in those patients who had a preformed antibiotic-loaded spacer in the first surgical stage.As complications, we recorded four cases of prosthetic reinfection (8,7%), three cases of dislocation (6,5%), and one case of postsurgical hematoma (4,6%).No case of neurovascular injury or component loosening was recorded.According to the showed results, we consider that two-stage revision procedure, although it is a demanding surgery, is an effective method for the treatment of periprosthetic hip infection, with high implant survival and erradication of the infection

CRECIMIENTO Y MORTALIDAD DE LA YALUA (Cyphocharax magdalenae Steindachner,1878) EN EL RÍO SINÚ, COLOMBIA

Para estimar los parámetros de crecimiento y mortalidad de la Yalúa ( Cyphocharax magdalenae Steindachner, 1878) se aplicó el análisis de frecuencia de tallas (ELEFAN) a la información colectada entre enero y diciembre 2000. Se midió longitud total (LT), longitud horquilla (LH) y longitud estándar (LS) en centímetros y el peso total (WT) en gramos. El intervalo de clase fue de 0.5 cm, la temperatura media anual fue 28 °C y se estimaron límites de confianza al 95%. La distribución de frecuencias se asimila a una curva normal. Los valores estimados para L¥, K y t0 fueron 22.7 (± 0.14) cm LT, 0.28 (+ 0.01) año -1 , y -0.64 años, respectivamente, por lo que se considera un pez de longevidad y tasa de crecimiento medios. La mortalidad total (Z) fue estimada en 1.97 ( 0.13) año -1 , la mortalidad natural (M) en 0.84 año –1 , la mortalidad por captura (F) en 1.13 año –1 y la tasa de explotación (E = F/Z) fue 0.57. La talla con que la Yalúa es reclutada totalmente a la pesquería (Lc) es 14.4 cm LT y la talla media de captura (TMC) es de 15.5 cm LT. El 42% de la captura se efectuó por debajo de la talla mínima recomendada para la cuenca del Río Sinú, la captura y la talla media de captura (TMC) de la Yalúa estimadas por el INPA ha oscilado desde años anteriores, en la época seca del año en estudio se pescaron individuos muy pequeños consumidos como pesca d e subsistencia, en Lorica se comercializaron individuos con tallas semejantes en el 2001 y 2002, lo que permite inferir que se esté convirtiendo en especie reemplazo de las tradicionalmente comercializadas, que hay sobrepesca sobre el recurso, por lo se infiere que la dinámica poblacional de la especie en estudio ha sido afectada. Por lo tanto, se debe introducir el ordenamiento de su pesquería en el mediano plazo teniendo en cuenta que la Yalúa es la cuarta especie en importancia comercial en la cuenca del Río Sinú

Ecological Invasion, Roughened Fronts, and a Competitor's Extreme Advance: Integrating Stochastic Spatial-Growth Models

Both community ecology and conservation biology seek further understanding of factors governing the advance of an invasive species. We model biological invasion as an individual-based, stochastic process on a two-dimensional landscape. An ecologically superior invader and a resident species compete for space preemptively. Our general model includes the basic contact process and a variant of the Eden model as special cases. We employ the concept of a "roughened" front to quantify effects of discreteness and stochasticity on invasion; we emphasize the probability distribution of the front-runner's relative position. That is, we analyze the location of the most advanced invader as the extreme deviation about the front's mean position. We find that a class of models with different assumptions about neighborhood interactions exhibit universal characteristics. That is, key features of the invasion dynamics span a class of models, independently of locally detailed demographic rules. Our results integrate theories of invasive spatial growth and generate novel hypotheses linking habitat or landscape size (length of the invading front) to invasion velocity, and to the relative position of the most advanced invader.Comment: The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com/content/8528v8563r7u2742

Position-dependent expression of GADD45 alpha in rat brain tumours

Although the complex and multifactorial process of tumour growth has been extensively studied for decades, our understanding of the fundamental relationship between tumour growth dynamics and genetic expression profile remains incomplete. Recent studies of tumour dynamics indicate that gene expression in solid tumours would depend on the distance from the centre of the tumour. Since tumour proliferative activity is mainly localised to its external zone, and taking into account that generation and expansion of genetic mutations depend on the number of cell divisions, important differences in gene expression between central and peripheral sections of the same tumour are to be expected. Here, we have studied variations in the genetic expression profile between peripheral and internal samples of the same brain tumour. We have carried out microarray analysis of mRNA expression, and found a differential profile of genetic expression between the two cell subsets. In particular, one major nuclear protein that regulates cell responses to DNA-damaging and stress signals, GADD45 alpha, was expressed at much lower levels in the peripheral zone, as compared to tumour core samples. These differences in GADD45 alpha mRNA transcription levels have been confirmed by quantitative analysis via real time PCR, and protein levels of GADD45 alpha also exhibit the same pattern of differential expression. Our findings suggest that GADD45 alpha might play a major role in the regulation of brain tumour invasive potential