11 research outputs found

    Étude Comparative des ModalitĂ©s de la Price en Charge PĂ©riopĂ©ratore Nutritionnelle Lors de la Chirurgie Digestive Ă  Soissons (France) et Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar)

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    L’état nutritionnel d’un individu influence sur sa morbi-mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire. Les complications postopĂ©ratoires sont en augmentation jusqu’à 72% chez les patients prĂ©sentant une dĂ©nutrition en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire contre 29% chez ceux qui ne le sont pas. Le taux de mortalitĂ© en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive chez les sujets dĂ©nutris va jusqu’à 29%.  Objectif : Comparer les modalitĂ©s de prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive dans les centres hospitaliers de Soissons (France) et de Tanambao (Madagascar). Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude observationnelle prospective sur douze mois (mai 2018 Ă  avril 2019). Les patients bĂ©nĂ©ficiant d’une chirurgie digestive par voie laparotomie mĂ©diane ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. Le test de Mann Whitney Ă©tait utilisĂ© pour la comparaison des variables portant sur les caractĂ©ristiques de la population d’étude, la prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). Une valeur de p infĂ©rieur Ă  0,05 Ă©tait significative.  RĂ©sultats : Quarante-sept patients ĂągĂ©s de 63 [32- 100] ans ont Ă©tĂ© retenus Ă  Soissons et 43 patients, ĂągĂ©s de 45 [18- 79] ans, Ă  Tanambao. La population d’étude Ă©tait Ă  prĂ©dominance masculine (sex ratio = 1,5 Ă  Soissons et 2,1 Ă  Toliara). La durĂ©e du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<2h versus ≄6h ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<25 kcal/kg/j versus sans apport ; p= 0,041 et apport protĂ©ique <1 g/kg/j versus sans apport ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique postopĂ©ratoire ([25- 30 Kcal/kg/j versus <25 Kcal/kg/j ; p<0,001 et apport protĂ©ique [1- 1,5 g/kg/j versus <1 g/kg/j ; p<0,001) et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (10j versus 14j ; p<0,001) Ă©taient diffĂ©rents entre les deux centres hospitaliers. Le grade nutritionnel (GN 2, p= 0,244) et la morbi-mortalitĂ© Ă©taient comparables entre les deux centres hospitaliers (absence de complications, p= 0,817). Conclusion : L’état nutritionnel pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire constitue l’un des dĂ©terminants d’une rĂ©habilitation postopĂ©ratoire optimale. La prescription du support nutritionnel et du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire devrait ĂȘtre en fonction du grade nutritionnel et doit couvrir les besoins nutritionnels quotidiens.  A Soissons (France), mais aussi Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar), cette prise en charge nutritionnelle reste Ă  amĂ©liorer suivant les recommandations. L’état nutritionnel d’un individu influence sur sa morbi-mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire. Les complications postopĂ©ratoires sont en augmentation jusqu’à 72% chez les patients prĂ©sentant une dĂ©nutrition en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire contre 29% chez ceux qui ne le sont pas. Le taux de mortalitĂ© en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive chez les sujets dĂ©nutris va jusqu’à 29%.   Objectif : Comparer les modalitĂ©s de prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive dans les centres hospitaliers de Soissons (France) et de Tanambao (Madagascar). Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude observationnelle prospective sur douze mois (mai 2018 Ă  avril 2019). Les patients bĂ©nĂ©ficiant d’une chirurgie digestive par voie laparotomie mĂ©diane ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. Le test de Mann Whitney Ă©tait utilisĂ© pour la comparaison des variables portant sur les caractĂ©ristiques de la population d’étude, la prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). Une valeur de p infĂ©rieur Ă  0,05 Ă©tait significative.  RĂ©sultats : Quarante-sept patients ĂągĂ©s de 63 [32- 100] ans ont Ă©tĂ© retenus Ă  Soissons et 43 patients, ĂągĂ©s de 45 [18- 79] ans, Ă  Tanambao. La population d’étude Ă©tait Ă  prĂ©dominance masculine (sex ratio = 1,5 Ă  Soissons et 2,1 Ă  Toliara). La durĂ©e du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<2h versus ≄6h ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<25 kcal/kg/j versus sans apport ; p= 0,041 et apport protĂ©ique <1 g/kg/j versus sans apport ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique postopĂ©ratoire ([25- 30 Kcal/kg/j versus <25 Kcal/kg/j ; p<0,001 et apport protĂ©ique [1- 1,5 g/kg/j versus <1 g/kg/j ; p<0,001) et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (10j versus 14j ; p<0,001) Ă©taient diffĂ©rents entre les deux centres hospitaliers. Le grade nutritionnel (GN 2, p= 0,244) et la morbi-mortalitĂ© Ă©taient comparables entre les deux centres hospitaliers (absence de complications, p= 0,817). Conclusion :L’état nutritionnel pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire constitue l’un des dĂ©terminants d’une rĂ©habilitation postopĂ©ratoire optimale. La prescription du support nutritionnel et du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire devrait ĂȘtre en fonction du grade nutritionnel et doit couvrir les besoins nutritionnels quotidiens.  A Soissons (France), mais aussi Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar), cette prise en charge nutritionnelle reste Ă  amĂ©liorer suivant les recommandations.   Background: The nutritional state of a patient impacts on perioperative morbidity and mortality. Postoperative complications are up to 72% in patients with perioperative undernutrition against 29% against those who do not present undernutrition. The mortality rate in perioperative digestive surgery in malnourished subjects is up to 29%. Aim: To compare the modalities of perioperative nutritional management of digestive surgery in the hospitals of Soissons and Tanambao. Patients and methods: This is a prospective observational study over 12 months (May 2018 to April 2019). Patients undergoing digestive surgery via midline laparotomy were included. The Mann Whitney test was used to compare variables relating to the characteristics of the study population, perioperative nutritional management and length of hospital stay (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). A p- value of less than 0,05 was considered significant. Results: Forty- seven patients aged 63 [32- 100] years old were retained in Soissons while the study population was 43 (aged 45 [18- 79] years old) in Tanambao. The study population was mostly male (sex ratio = 1,5 in Soissons and 2,1 in Toliara). The duration of the preoperative fast (<2h versus ≄6h ; p<0,001), the preoperative protein-energy intake (<25 kcal/kg/day versus no intake ; p= 0,041 and energy intake <1 g/kg/day versus no intake ; p<0,001), the postoperative protein-energy intake ([25- 30 kcal/kg/day versus <25 kcal/kg/day ; p<0,001 and and energy intake [1- 1,5  g/kg/day versus <1 g/kg/day ; p<0,001), and length of hospitalization (10 days versus 14 days ; p<0,001) were different between the two hospitals. The nutritional grade (NG 2, p= 0,244) and morbidity and mortality were comparable between the two groups (absence of complications, p= 0,817). Conclusion: Perioperative nutritional status is one of the elements of good postoperative rehabilitation. The prescription of nutritional support and preoperative fasting should be according to nutritional grade and should cover daily nutritional needs

    Étude Comparative des ModalitĂ©s de la Prise en Change PĂ©riopĂ©ratoire Nutritionnelle Lors de la Chirurgie Digestive Ă  Soissons (France) et Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar)

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    L’état nutritionnel d’un individu influence sa morbi-mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire. Les complications postopĂ©ratoires sont en augmentation jusqu’à 72% chez les patients prĂ©sentant une dĂ©nutrition en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire contre 29% chez ceux qui ne le sont pas. Le taux de mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire en chirurgie digestive chez les sujets dĂ©nutris va jusqu’à 29%.  Objectif : Comparer les modalitĂ©s de prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire en chirurgie digestive dans les centres hospitaliers de Soissons (France) et de Tanambao (Madagascar). Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’est agi d’une Ă©tude observationnelle prospective sur douze mois (mai 2018 Ă  avril 2019). Les patients bĂ©nĂ©ficiant d’une chirurgie digestive par voie laparotomique mĂ©diane ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. Le test de Mann Whitney Ă©tait utilisĂ© pour la comparaison des variables portant sur les caractĂ©ristiques de la population d’étude, la prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). Une valeur de p infĂ©rieur Ă  0,05 Ă©tait significative.  RĂ©sultats : A Soissons, 47 patients ĂągĂ©s de 63 [32- 100] ans ont Ă©tĂ© inclus, Ă  prĂ©dominance masculine (sex ratio = 1,5). Le jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire Ă©tait de 8 heures [4- 18]. Dix-huit patients (38,3%) ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’un support nutritionnel pendant 4 jours [2- 14]. En postopĂ©ratoire, les patients ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’un support nutritionnel durant 8 jours [1- 29]. L’alimentation entĂ©rale en postopĂ©ratoire a Ă©tĂ© reprise au 6Ăšme jour [1- 13]. Huit patients ont prĂ©sentĂ© des complications dont un dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©. La durĂ©e totale d’hospitalisation Ă©tait de 10 jours [5- 29]. A Tanambao, 43 patients Ă©taient inclus, ĂągĂ©s de 45 [18- 79] ans. La classe 1 et 2 de l’ASA Ă©taient respectivement Ă  37,2% et Ă  39,5%. Le jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire durait 10 heures [3- 18]. Neuf patients ont reçu un support nutritionnel prĂ©opĂ©ratoire pendant 3 jours [1- 7]. En postopĂ©ratoire, l’alimentation entĂ©rale a Ă©tĂ© autorisĂ©e au 7Ăšme jour [2- 14], un support nutritionnel Ă©tait administrĂ© pendant 8 jours [3- 15]. Les patients restaient Ă  l’hĂŽpital pendant 15 jours [6- 30]. Conclusion : L’état nutritionnel pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire constitue l’un des dĂ©terminants d’une rĂ©habilitation postopĂ©ratoire optimale. La prescription du support nutritionnel et du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire devrait ĂȘtre en fonction du grade nutritionnel et doit couvrir les besoins nutritionnels quotidiens.  A Soissons (France), mais aussi Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar), cette prise en charge nutritionnelle reste Ă  amĂ©liorer suivant les recommandations.   Background: The nutritional state of a patient impacts on perioperative morbidity and mortality. Postoperative complications are up to 72% in patients with perioperative undernutrition against 29% against those who do not present undernutrition. The mortality rate in perioperative digestive surgery in malnourished subjects is up to 29%. Aim: To compare the modalities of perioperative nutritional management of digestive surgery in the hospitals of Soissons and Tanambao. Patients and methods: This is a prospective observational study over 12 months (May 2018 to April 2019). Patients undergoing digestive surgery via midline laparotomy were included. The Mann Whitney test was used to compare variables relating to the characteristics of the study population, perioperative nutritional management and length of hospital stay (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). A p- value of less than 0,05 was considered significant. Results: In Soissons, 47 patients aged 63 [32-100] years were included, predominantly male (sex ratio = 1.5). The preoperative fast was 8 hours [4-18]. Eighteen patients (38.3%) received nutritional support for 4 days [2-14]. Postoperatively, patients received nutritional support for 8 days [1-29]. Postoperative enteral feeding was resumed on the 6th day [1-13]. Eight patients presented complications, one of which died. The total duration of hospitalization was 10 days [5-29]. In Tanambao, 43 patients were included, aged 45 [18-79] years. ASA class 1 and 2 were at 37.2% and 39.5% respectively. The preoperative fast lasted 10 hours [3-18]. Nine patients received preoperative nutritional support for 3 days [1-7]. Postoperatively, enteral feeding was authorized on the 7th day [2-14], nutritional support was administered for 8 days [3-15]. The patients stayed in the hospital for 15 days [6-30]. Conclusion: Perioperative nutritional status is one of the elements of good postoperative rehabilitation. The prescription of nutritional support and preoperative fasting should be according to nutritional grade and should cover daily nutritional needs

    Étude Comparative des ModalitĂ©s de la Price en Charge PĂ©riopĂ©ratore Nutritionnelle Lors de la Chirurgie Digestive Ă  Soissons (France) et Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar)

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    L’état nutritionnel d’un individu influence sur sa morbi-mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire. Les complications postopĂ©ratoires sont en augmentation jusqu’à 72% chez les patients prĂ©sentant une dĂ©nutrition en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire contre 29% chez ceux qui ne le sont pas. Le taux de mortalitĂ© en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive chez les sujets dĂ©nutris va jusqu’à 29%.  Objectif : Comparer les modalitĂ©s de prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive dans les centres hospitaliers de Soissons (France) et de Tanambao (Madagascar). Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude observationnelle prospective sur douze mois (mai 2018 Ă  avril 2019). Les patients bĂ©nĂ©ficiant d’une chirurgie digestive par voie laparotomie mĂ©diane ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. Le test de Mann Whitney Ă©tait utilisĂ© pour la comparaison des variables portant sur les caractĂ©ristiques de la population d’étude, la prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). Une valeur de p infĂ©rieur Ă  0,05 Ă©tait significative.  RĂ©sultats : Quarante-sept patients ĂągĂ©s de 63 [32- 100] ans ont Ă©tĂ© retenus Ă  Soissons et 43 patients, ĂągĂ©s de 45 [18- 79] ans, Ă  Tanambao. La population d’étude Ă©tait Ă  prĂ©dominance masculine (sex ratio = 1,5 Ă  Soissons et 2,1 Ă  Toliara). La durĂ©e du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<2h versus ≄6h ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<25 kcal/kg/j versus sans apport ; p= 0,041 et apport protĂ©ique <1 g/kg/j versus sans apport ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique postopĂ©ratoire ([25- 30 Kcal/kg/j versus <25 Kcal/kg/j ; p<0,001 et apport protĂ©ique [1- 1,5 g/kg/j versus <1 g/kg/j ; p<0,001) et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (10j versus 14j ; p<0,001) Ă©taient diffĂ©rents entre les deux centres hospitaliers. Le grade nutritionnel (GN 2, p= 0,244) et la morbi-mortalitĂ© Ă©taient comparables entre les deux centres hospitaliers (absence de complications, p= 0,817). Conclusion : L’état nutritionnel pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire constitue l’un des dĂ©terminants d’une rĂ©habilitation postopĂ©ratoire optimale. La prescription du support nutritionnel et du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire devrait ĂȘtre en fonction du grade nutritionnel et doit couvrir les besoins nutritionnels quotidiens.  A Soissons (France), mais aussi Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar), cette prise en charge nutritionnelle reste Ă  amĂ©liorer suivant les recommandations. L’état nutritionnel d’un individu influence sur sa morbi-mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire. Les complications postopĂ©ratoires sont en augmentation jusqu’à 72% chez les patients prĂ©sentant une dĂ©nutrition en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire contre 29% chez ceux qui ne le sont pas. Le taux de mortalitĂ© en pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive chez les sujets dĂ©nutris va jusqu’à 29%.   Objectif : Comparer les modalitĂ©s de prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de chirurgie digestive dans les centres hospitaliers de Soissons (France) et de Tanambao (Madagascar). Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agit d’une Ă©tude observationnelle prospective sur douze mois (mai 2018 Ă  avril 2019). Les patients bĂ©nĂ©ficiant d’une chirurgie digestive par voie laparotomie mĂ©diane ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. Le test de Mann Whitney Ă©tait utilisĂ© pour la comparaison des variables portant sur les caractĂ©ristiques de la population d’étude, la prise en charge nutritionnelle pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). Une valeur de p infĂ©rieur Ă  0,05 Ă©tait significative.  RĂ©sultats : Quarante-sept patients ĂągĂ©s de 63 [32- 100] ans ont Ă©tĂ© retenus Ă  Soissons et 43 patients, ĂągĂ©s de 45 [18- 79] ans, Ă  Tanambao. La population d’étude Ă©tait Ă  prĂ©dominance masculine (sex ratio = 1,5 Ă  Soissons et 2,1 Ă  Toliara). La durĂ©e du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<2h versus ≄6h ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique prĂ©opĂ©ratoire (<25 kcal/kg/j versus sans apport ; p= 0,041 et apport protĂ©ique <1 g/kg/j versus sans apport ; p<0,001), l’apport protĂ©ino-Ă©nergĂ©tique postopĂ©ratoire ([25- 30 Kcal/kg/j versus <25 Kcal/kg/j ; p<0,001 et apport protĂ©ique [1- 1,5 g/kg/j versus <1 g/kg/j ; p<0,001) et la durĂ©e d’hospitalisation (10j versus 14j ; p<0,001) Ă©taient diffĂ©rents entre les deux centres hospitaliers. Le grade nutritionnel (GN 2, p= 0,244) et la morbi-mortalitĂ© Ă©taient comparables entre les deux centres hospitaliers (absence de complications, p= 0,817). Conclusion :L’état nutritionnel pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire constitue l’un des dĂ©terminants d’une rĂ©habilitation postopĂ©ratoire optimale. La prescription du support nutritionnel et du jeĂ»ne prĂ©opĂ©ratoire devrait ĂȘtre en fonction du grade nutritionnel et doit couvrir les besoins nutritionnels quotidiens.  A Soissons (France), mais aussi Ă  Tanambao (Madagascar), cette prise en charge nutritionnelle reste Ă  amĂ©liorer suivant les recommandations.   Background: The nutritional state of a patient impacts on perioperative morbidity and mortality. Postoperative complications are up to 72% in patients with perioperative undernutrition against 29% against those who do not present undernutrition. The mortality rate in perioperative digestive surgery in malnourished subjects is up to 29%. Aim: To compare the modalities of perioperative nutritional management of digestive surgery in the hospitals of Soissons and Tanambao. Patients and methods: This is a prospective observational study over 12 months (May 2018 to April 2019). Patients undergoing digestive surgery via midline laparotomy were included. The Mann Whitney test was used to compare variables relating to the characteristics of the study population, perioperative nutritional management and length of hospital stay (XLSTATÂź 2019.4.2). A p- value of less than 0,05 was considered significant. Results: Forty- seven patients aged 63 [32- 100] years old were retained in Soissons while the study population was 43 (aged 45 [18- 79] years old) in Tanambao. The study population was mostly male (sex ratio = 1,5 in Soissons and 2,1 in Toliara). The duration of the preoperative fast (<2h versus ≄6h ; p<0,001), the preoperative protein-energy intake (<25 kcal/kg/day versus no intake ; p= 0,041 and energy intake <1 g/kg/day versus no intake ; p<0,001), the postoperative protein-energy intake ([25- 30 kcal/kg/day versus <25 kcal/kg/day ; p<0,001 and and energy intake [1- 1,5  g/kg/day versus <1 g/kg/day ; p<0,001), and length of hospitalization (10 days versus 14 days ; p<0,001) were different between the two hospitals. The nutritional grade (NG 2, p= 0,244) and morbidity and mortality were comparable between the two groups (absence of complications, p= 0,817). Conclusion: Perioperative nutritional status is one of the elements of good postoperative rehabilitation. The prescription of nutritional support and preoperative fasting should be according to nutritional grade and should cover daily nutritional needs

    Death associated protein kinase-1 gene methylation pattern in some leukemic patients attending Zagazig University hospitals: is it a clue?

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    Background: Leukemia is a type of cancer arising from white blood cells (WBCs) and resulting from malignant transformation of different types of white blood cell precursors. The objective was to study the DAPK-1 gene methylation pattern in leukemic patients and to through some light on its possible role as a risk factor for leukemia.Methods: Forty-one patients diagnosed as leukemic patients and 41 age-matched healthy unrelated volunteers taken as a control group. The analysis of aberrant promoter DAPK1 gene methylation was done by specific polymerase chain reaction.Results: The results of the present study showed that there was a significant association of methylated DAPK-1 promoter area among leukemic group than in control group Chi-square (X2) was 21.98, or value patients was 10.46 and there was a significant association when compared with the control group (p <0.001). And there was no significant association when compared according to gender Chi-square (X2) was 0.43 and (p=0.51). Our results revealed in the AML group DAPK-1 promoter area were methylated with percentage of 73.9%. or value for AML patients was 13.76 and there was a significant association when compared with the control group (p <0.001), in the ALL group 4 patients had methylated DAPK-1 promoter area with percentage of 57.1% or value for all patients was 6.47 and there was a significant association when compared with the control group (p=0.03) and in the CLL group 7 patients had methylated DAPK-1 promoter area with percentage of 63.6%. OR value for CCL patients was 8.5 and there was a significant association when compared with the control group (p=0.004). On the contrary, we didn’t observe any significant associations between DAPK-1 promoter area methylation and the type of leukemia (p = 0.65).Conclusions: These results suggested that DAPK1 promoter methylation might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of different types of leukemia. And the DAPK1 promoter methylation has a predictive value in the prediction of leukemia occurrence.

    Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

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    Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10&nbsp;years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37&nbsp;years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

    Pentoxifylline Effects on Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Cytokine Storm Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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    COVID-19 is a fatal, fast-spreading pandemic, and numerous attempts are being made around the world to understand and manage the disease. COVID-19 patients may develop a cytokine-release syndrome, which causes serious respiratory diseases and, in many cases, death. The study examined the feasibility of employing legally available anti-inflammatory pentoxifylline (PTX), a low toxicity and cost medication, to mitigate the hyper-inflammation caused by COVID-19. Thirty adult patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV2 were hospitalized owing to the cytokine storm syndrome. They were given 400 mg of pentoxifylline orally TID according to the standard COVID-19 protocol of the Egyptian Ministry of Health. Besides this, a group of thirty-eight hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received the standard COVID-19 protocol was included in the study as a control group. The outcomes included laboratory test parameters, clinical improvements, and number of deaths in both groups. After receiving PTX, all patients showed a significant improvement in C reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels at p p = 0.004, respectively, while there was an increase in total leukocyte count (TLC) and neutrophil-to-leucocyte ratio (NLR) at p p < 0.01, while showing no statistically significant difference in the control group. The median initial ALT (42 U/L) in the treatment group showed a decrease compared to the control group (51 U/L). No statistical significance was reported regarding clinical improvement, length of stay, and death percentages between the two groups. Our results showed no significant improvement of PTX over controls in clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Nevertheless, PTX displayed a positive effect on certain inflammatory biomarkers

    Emergence of High Antimicrobial Resistance among Critically Ill Patients with Hospital-Acquired Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

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    Background and Objectives: Inappropriate antibiotic usage in hospitalized patients contributes to microbial resistance. Our study aimed to examine the incidence of clinical bacterial isolates and their antibiotic resistance burden among critically ill patients in different hospital units. Materials and Methods: A single-centered cross-sectional study was conducted in a 120-bed tertiary care hospital that included 221 critically ill patients with hospital-acquired infections. Bacterial cultures and sensitivity reports were obtained and followed by a formal analysis of the antibiogram results to explore recovered isolates&rsquo; prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Results: Gram-negative bacteria were the most predominant pathogens among recovered isolates from the various hospital units (71%). Klebsiella sp. was the most prevalent microbe, followed by Acinetobacter sp., with an incidence level of 28% and 16.2%, respectively. Among the Gram-positive organisms, the coagulase-negative Staphylococci were the most predominant organism (11.3%), while (6.3%) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were recovered from different hospital units. Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that polymyxin B was the most effective antibiotic against Gram-negative bacteria, whereas vancomycin and linezolid were the most active antibiotics against Gram-positive pathogens. Moreover, 7% of the Gram-negative bacteria isolated from different units showed positive production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Conclusions: The current study describes the high antibiotic resistance patterns in various hospital units that need extra legislation to prevent healthcare providers from misprescription and overuse of antibiotics

    Neuroleptic Activity

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    An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases in northern Pakistan

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