Strategy, Performance Evaluation and Process Management in Higher Education Institutions

The processes of Strategic Planning (SP), Performance Evaluation (PE) and Process Management (PM) for Higher Education Institutions (HEI) are considered more than ever, urgent and necessary, acting as the factors of motivation, awareness and exploratory data collection. The objective of this paper is to identify positive and negative aspects involved in realization of SP, PE and PM in HEI, through a literature review. The study was exploratory and descriptive, accomplished through a bibliographic review in online data bases. It was possible to identify that HEI are considered complex systems which results in implications on execution of the SP, PE and PM. Apart from that, it was identified barriers in the literature, being the main ones: decentralization, autonomy of departments, heterogeneity in the operation of departments, data stored in places that cannot be accessed by everybody, bureaucracy, resistance to change, dissociation between planning and management, lack of participation of university community in the process of planning. It was also found ways to overcome these barriers being the main ones: commitment of high management, clear strategy, wide communication and participation of all people involved

Inhibition Efficiency of Goji Berry Extract Against the Corrosion of Carbon Steel SAE 1045

Corrosion degrades the surface of metals. Therefore, extracts of natural products are tested as possible corrosion inhibitors, in order to delay or inhibit such processes. These inhibitory substances can act via adsorption, forming a thin protective film that inhibits the anode and/or cathode processes on the surface. This study aimed to test the inhibitory efficiency of goji berry extract (GB) in the corrosion of SAE 1045 carbon steel. The extract was prepared by hydroethanolic extraction and was diluted with 0.5 mol L-1 NaCl electrolyte, for electrochemistry tests. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and anodic potentiodynamic polarization tests showed that the metal is more resistant to corrosion in the presence of the GB, because higher values of impedance and lower values of current density were obtained in the presence of the GB; the scanning electron microscopy data corroborated the electrochemical test results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i2.148

Persea pyrifolia Peel Extract as a Carbon Steel Corrosion Inhibitor

Carbon steel is one of the most widely used alloys in industrial applications. However, the use of this metal may be limited because of corrosion tendency. Thus, it is necessary to develop methods that inhibit its degradation. One way to inhibit corrosion is to use organic inhibitors. Some organic compounds with heteroatoms inhibit corrosion by forming a protective film. In this study, the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel 1020 in 0.1 mol L-1 hydrochloric acid medium was evaluated. The natural inhibitor used was an aqueous extract of the bark of Persea pyrifolia (PP) plant at concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10% V / V. The electrochemical response was determined by open circuit potential measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and anodic potentiodynamic polarization. Therefore, mass loss was measured, and inhibitory efficiency was evaluated. The best results were observed for the concentration of 2.5% V / V of Persea pyrifolia extract, presenting and inhibition efficiency of 82.5% on the 1020 carbon steel. The electrochemical results indicates that PP extract can be used as green corrosion inhibitor in acidic medium. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i2.146

Dispositivo simulador de braço para prática de procedimentos injetáveis

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulEngenhariaEnfermagemMatemáticaDepositad

ANÁLISE BACTERIOLÓGICA DE UTENSÍLIOS USADOS NO PROCESSAMENTO EM CARNES DE AÇOUGUES LOCALIZADOS NA CIDADE DE JUAZEIRO DO NORTE – CE

The contamination of utensils used in the handling of meat has become a concern, besides being an eminent health problem. This study aimed at the bacteriological analysis of utensils used in the meat processing of butchers located in the City of Juazeiro do Norte - CE. Forty samples were analyzed, obtained randomly from establishments (10 Private and 10 Public). During the processing, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. After growth in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI), sowing was done in Mannitol Agar, Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SS) and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB), incubated in a 37 ° C incubator for 24 hours. Subsequently, catalase and coagulase and other biochemical tests were performed to confirm the species found. For the bacterial resistance profile, the disk diffusion method (Antibiogram) was performed. In both establishments, microbial growth of all species surveyed was found, S. aureus in both types of establishments proved to be the most prevalent microbial agent reaching 62.5%, however the presence of Salmonella sp. also in the two research sites, it was a worrying fact, since this bacterium should be absent in food according to the legislation. Given this analysis, it is confirmed that there is a precariousness in the hygiene of these utensils. Therefore, it is necessary to enable measures that can be effective in raising awareness and practices for cleaning and handling the utensils used, as well as the personal hygiene of the handlers. Keywords: Food; Staphylococcus aureus; Enteropathogens; Contamination.A contaminação dos utensílios utilizados no manuseio de carnes vem se tornado preocupante além de ser um problema eminente a saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo a análise bacteriológica de utensílios usados no processamento de carnes de açougues localizados na Cidade de Juazeiro do Norte – CE. Foram analisadas 40 amostras, obtidas aleatoriamente de estabelecimentos (10 Privados e 10 Públicos). Durante o processamento foram realizadas as identificações de Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., e Escherichia coli. Após o crescimento em meio Brain Heart Infusion (BHI), foi feito o semeio em Agar Manitol, Agar Salmonella-Shigella (SS) e Agar Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB), incubados em estufa a 37 °C por 24 horas. Posteriormente foi realizado catalase e coagulase e as demais provas bioquímicas para confirmação das espécies encontradas. Para o perfil de resistência bacteriana foi realizado o método de difusão em disco (Antibiograma). Em ambos os estabelecimentos foram encontrados crescimento microbiano de todas as espécies pesquisadas, S. aureus nos dois tipos de estabelecimentos mostrou-se como o agente microbiano mais prevalente chegando a 62,5%, entretanto a presença de Salmonella sp. também nos dois locais de pesquisa foi um fato preocupante, devido que esta bactéria deveria estar ausente em alimentos segundo a legislação. Diante desta análise confirma-se que há uma precariedade na higienização destes utensílios. Sendo, necessário viabilizar medidas que possam ser eficazes na conscientização e práticas de limpeza e manipulação dos utensílios utilizados, bem como, a higiene pessoal dos manipuladores. Palavras-chave: Alimento; Staphylococcus aureus; Enteropatógenos; Contaminação

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway

Vaccines based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are a cornerstone of the public health response to COVID-19. The emergence of hypermutated, increasingly transmissible variants of concern (VOCs) threaten this strategy. Omicron (B.1.1.529), the fifth VOC to be described, harbours multiple amino acid mutations in spike, half of which lie within the receptor-binding domain. Here we demonstrate substantial evasion of neutralization by Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in vitro using sera from individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273. These data were mirrored by a substantial reduction in real-world vaccine effectiveness that was partially restored by booster vaccination. The Omicron variants BA.1 and BA.2 did not induce cell syncytia in vitro and favoured a TMPRSS2-independent endosomal entry pathway, these phenotypes mapping to distinct regions of the spike protein. Impaired cell fusion was determined by the receptor-binding domain, while endosomal entry mapped to the S2 domain. Such marked changes in antigenicity and replicative biology may underlie the rapid global spread and altered pathogenicity of the Omicron variant

Processo de planejamento estratégico em universidades : um modelo para IFES

O ensino superior é considerado, atualmente, o precursor do desenvolvimento econômico e social dos países. Para desempenhar esse papel, as universidades têm buscado novas formas de gestão. Para auxiliá-las nesta missão, o planejamento estratégico tornou-se uma ferramenta importante neste sentido, utilizado tanto em instituições privadas quanto em públicas. As Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES) possuem o planejamento elaborado por meio de um modelo de Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI) proposto pelo governo. No entanto, apesar dessa estrutura ser considerada como o planejamento estratégico, as universidades não se apropriam desse formato. Nesse cenário, as IFES carecem de um processo de planejamento que contemple as suas características. Dado isso, o objetivo desta dissertação é propor um modelo de processo de planejamento estratégico para IFES. Para atingir o objetivo, foram desenvolvidos três artigos. No primeiro artigo, foi elaborada uma revisão da literatura a fim de responder questões que embasem a proposição do modelo, enquanto no segundo artigo foi realizada uma análise documental acerca de PDIs e de Planos de Gestão (PGs) das IFES, a partir da qual foram identificados o relacionamento entre estes planos e as possíveis influências das variáveis no processo de planejamento sob as constatações detectadas na análise. Por fim, no terceiro artigo foi proposto o modelo de processo de planejamento completo, através de um estudo de caso com grupos focados aplicado em uma IFES. Como conclusão geral, identificaram-se elementos estratégicos que foram propostos com mais frequência em universidades. Confirmou-se que o modelo proposto pelo governo não atende a estas universidades, e verificou-se que os planos utilizados nas IFES não possuem elementos estratégicos. Além disso, identificaram-se as variáveis que podem influenciar o processo de planejamento estratégico e suas possíveis influências no caso em estudo. Por fim, propôs-se um modelo de processo de planejamento adaptado ao contexto das IFES, além das dinâmicas que podem ser utilizadas em cada fase desse processo.Higher education is, nowadays, considered the precursor of economic and social development of the countries. To play this role, universities have been seeking new forms of management. To help them in this mission, the strategic planning has become a important tool in this sense, used in both private and public enterprises. The Brazilian public universities, particularly the federal ones, IFES, already have their planning drawn up by an Institutional Development Plan model (PDI) proposed by the government. However, despite this structure have been considered strategic planning, universities do not appropriated of this format. In this scenario, the IFES lack of a planning process that incorporates their characteristics. Given this, the aim of this work is to propose a strategic planning process model for IFES. To achieve this goal, we have developed three articles. In the first article, a literature review was undertaken to answer questions that could support the model proposition, while in the second article, through a documentary analysis about PDIs and Management Plans (PGs) made by IFES, by which were identified the possible relationships between these plans and the impact of variables that affect the planning process under the findings detected in the analysis. Finally in the third article, it was proposed a planning process model itself, through a case study with focus groups applied to an university. As a general conclusion, we identified strategic elements that were proposed with more often in universities. It was confirmed that the model proposed by the government does not meet the necessities of these universities, and found that the plans used in IFES have no strategic elements. In addition, we identified the variables that could affect the strategic planning and the impacts of these on the institutions under study. Finally, it was proposed a planning process model adapted to the reality of IFES in addition with the dynamics that can be used in each stage of this process

Strategy, Performance Evaluation and Process Management in Higher Education Institutions

The processes of Strategic Planning (SP), Performance Evaluation (PE) and Process Management (PM) for Higher Education Institutions (HEI) are considered more than ever, urgent and necessary, acting as the factors of motivation, awareness and exploratory data collection. The objective of this paper is to identify positive and negative aspects involved in realization of SP, PE and PM in HEI, through a literature review. The study was exploratory and descriptive, accomplished through a bibliographic review in online data bases. It was possible to identify that HEI are considered complex systems which results in implications on execution of the SP, PE and PM. Apart from that, it was identified barriers in the literature, being the main ones: decentralization, autonomy of departments, heterogeneity in the operation of departments, data stored in places that cannot be accessed by everybody, bureaucracy, resistance to change, dissociation between planning and management, lack of participation of university community in the process of planning. It was also found ways to overcome these barriers being the main ones: commitment of high management, clear strategy, wide communication and participation of all people involved

Strategy, Performance Evaluation and Process Management in Higher Education Institutions

The processes of Strategic Planning (SP), Performance Evaluation (PE) and Process Management (PM) for Higher Education Institutions (HEI) are considered more than ever, urgent and necessary, acting as the factors of motivation, awareness and exploratory data collection. The objective of this paper is to identify positive and negative aspects involved in realization of SP, PE and PM in HEI, through a literature review. The study was exploratory and descriptive, accomplished through a bibliographic review in online data bases. It was possible to identify that HEI are considered complex systems which results in implications on execution of the SP, PE and PM. Apart from that, it was identified barriers in the literature, being the main ones: decentralization, autonomy of departments, heterogeneity in the operation of departments, data stored in places that cannot be accessed by everybody, bureaucracy, resistance to change, dissociation between planning and management, lack of participation of university community in the process of planning. It was also found ways to overcome these barriers being the main ones: commitment of high management, clear strategy, wide communication and participation of all people involved