Functional consequences of perinatal hypoxia-ischemia in rat

Název: Funkční důsledky perinatální hypoxie-ischémie u potkana Cíle: Cílem diplomové práce je sestavit sadu behaviorálních testů pro efektivní zhodnocení motorických a kognitivně-behaviorálních schopností dospělých zvířat po experimentálně vyvolaném hypoxicko-ischemickém inzultu v perinatálním období (P7). Předpokládaným přínosem této práce je etablovat model motorických a kognitivně-behaviorálních deficitů po prodělané perinatální hypoxicko-ischemické atace. Metody: Předložená práce má teoreticko-empirický charakter. Praktická část diplomové práce byla provedena formou experimentu. Do experimetnu bylo zahrnuto 32 potkanů kmene Long Evans. Potkani byli náhodně rozděleni na dvě skupiny: skupina experimentální (HIE) a kontrolní (Ctrl). Hypoxicko-ischemický inzult byl proveden u sedmidenních potkanů uzavřením pravé arterie carotis communis s následnou systémovou hypoxií 8% kyslíkem a 92% dusíkem. Dospělá zvířata (stáří 55-75 dní) byla testována pomocí behaviorálních testů. Vybrány byly tyto testy: Bar holding test, Rotarod test, Ladder rung walking test, Reaching test, Open field test and Morris water maze test. Pro analýzu a statistické vyhodnocení dat byly použity programy Sigma Plot a Microsoft Excel 2010. Výsledky: Na základě výsledků Open Field testu, Ladder rung walking testu a Morris water...Title: Functional consequences of perinatal hypoxia-ischemia in rat Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to design a set of behavioral tests which provide an effective assessment of motor and cognitive-behavioural deficits in adults rats after experimental hypoxic-ischemic insult during the perinatal period (P7). Supposed benefit is to establish a model of motor and cognitive-behavioural abilities of individuals after this procedure. Methods: The present thesis has a theoretical-empirical character. The practical part describes how the experiment was performed. 32 long Evans Rats were randomly devided into two groups: experimental group (HIE) and control group (Ctrl). The method to produce hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the 7 day-old rats consisted of right common carotid ligation followed by systemic hypoxia by the inhalation of 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen. The adult animals (55-75 days old) were tested by the following list of behavioral tests: Bar holding test, Rotarod test, Ladder rung walking test, Reaching test, Open field test and Morris water maze test. Sigma Plot and Microsoft Excel 2010 were the programs used for statistical analysis. Results: Results of Open field test, Ladder rung walking test and Morris water maze test confirmed that hypoxic-ischemic insult affects the...Anatomie a biomechanikaFakulta tělesné výchovy a sportuFaculty of Physical Education and Spor

Some questions of public care (Children under 3 years)

Katedra primární pedagogikyFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

EVALUATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL COMFORT OF CLOTHING DESIGNED FOR MOTOCROSS RACERS

katedra: KHT; přílohy: CD ROM; rozsah: 54 s.This thesis is focused on evaluation of comfort properties of clothing designed for motocross racers. In theoretical part is detailed description of clothing of racer. Then there are mentioned brands, which produce this clothing. In practical part there are evaluated parameters measured on devices Alambeta, Fx3300 and Permetest. Measured samples are compared with each other. The measured values are then compared with the price of measured samples.Bakalářská práce se zabývá hodnocením komfortních vlastností u oděvů pro motokrosové závodníky. V teoretické části je podrobný popis oděvu závodníka. Dále jsou zde uvedeny značky, které se výrobou těchto oděvů zabývají. V praktické části jsou vyhodnoceny parametry měřené na přístrojích Alambeta, Fx3300 a Permetest. Měřené vzorky jsou mezi sebou porovnávány. Naměřené hodnoty jsou dále také porovnávány s cenou měřených vzorků

Perceived professional competencies for inclusive physical education from the view of elementary school teachers in Prague

Title: Perceived professional competencies for inclusive physical education from the view of elementary school teachers in Prague Objectives: The main aim of the thesis is to describe perceived competences of teachers in the professional fulfilment of the very essence of physical education (PE) in inclusive classes. The challenge is also to point out the barriers they face that prevent the safe and high-quality routing of PE in inclusive classes. At the same time, the intention is to outline the possibilities for systemic improvements. Methodology: 12 teachers (women, mean age = 45 years) from 6 primary schools involved in the Movement for Inclusion project participated in the study. The research used a qualitative methodology in the form of a structured interview, which had an hourly subsidy and was conducted directly at the primary school. Results: None of the respondents had a specialized course on the issue of inclusive PE until the beginning of the project. Most of them would be interested in such further education. Educators draw the most information from books and websites. Their opinion on inclusion is of interest - 67% consider school inclusion to be appropriate, a quarter of teachers disagree with inclusion and 8% have not expressed an opinion. The interview showed that teachers perceive...Vnímané profesní kompetence pro inkluzivní tělesnou výchovu pohledu pražských učitelů základních škol je popsat vnímané kompetence pedagogů při odborném naplňování samotné podstaty výuky tělesné výchovy (TV) nkluzivních třídách. na jimi pociťované bariéry znemožňující bezpečné a kvalitní vedení hodin TV inkluzivních třídách. áměrem práce je zároveň nastínit možnosti systémová zlepšení. Výzkum byl realizován u 12 pedagogů (ženy, průměrný věk 45 let) kladních škol, které jsou zapojeny do projektu Pohyb pro rozhovoru, který měl hodinovou dotaci a byl veden přímo na půdě základní školy. respondentů neabsolvoval do začátku projektu specializovaný problematice inkluzivní TV. Většina z nich by měla o takové další vzdělávání zájem. Nejvíce informací čerpají pedagogové z - považuje inkluzi za vhodnou, čtvrtina pedagogů s 8 % názor nevyjádřilo. Z rozhovoru vyplynulo, že pedagogové současné době dobře připraveni. Klíčová slova: nkluze, aplikovaná tělesná výchova, zdravotní tělesná výchova, podpůrná opatření, žáci se SVPZdravotní TV a tělovýchovné lékařstvíFaculty of Physical Education and SportFakulta tělesné výchovy a sport

Contrastive analysis in translation quality assessment: The case of EU official document translations

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Arsenophonus, an emerging clade of intracellular symbionts with a broad host distribution

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The genus <it>Arsenophonus </it>is a group of symbiotic, mainly insect-associated bacteria with rapidly increasing number of records. It is known from a broad spectrum of hosts and symbiotic relationships varying from parasitic son-killers to coevolving mutualists.</p> <p>The present study extends the currently known diversity with 34 samples retrieved mainly from hippoboscid (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) and nycteribiid (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) hosts, and investigates phylogenetic relationships within the genus.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The analysis of 110 <it>Arsenophonus </it>sequences (incl. <it>Riesia </it>and <it>Phlomobacter</it>), provides a robust monophyletic clade, characterized by unique molecular synapomorphies. On the other hand, unstable inner topology indicates that complete understanding of <it>Arsenophonus </it>evolution cannot be achieved with 16S rDNA. Moreover, taxonomically restricted <it>Sampling </it>matrices prove sensitivity of the phylogenetic signal to sampling; in some cases, <it>Arsenophonus </it>monophyly is disrupted by other symbiotic bacteria. Two contrasting coevolutionary patterns occur throughout the tree: parallel host-symbiont evolution and the haphazard association of the symbionts with distant hosts. A further conspicuous feature of the topology is the occurrence of monophyletic symbiont lineages associated with monophyletic groups of hosts without a co-speciation pattern. We suggest that part of this incongruence could be caused by methodological artifacts, such as intragenomic variability.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The sample of currently available molecular data presents the genus <it>Arsenophonus </it>as one of the richest and most widespread clusters of insect symbiotic bacteria. The analysis of its phylogenetic lineages indicates a complex evolution and apparent ecological versatility with switches between entirely different life styles. Due to these properties, the genus should play an important role in the studies of evolutionary trends in insect intracellular symbionts. However, under the current practice, relying exclusively on 16S rRNA sequences, the phylogenetic analyses are sensitive to various methodological artifacts that may even lead to description of new <it>Arsenophonus </it>lineages as independent genera (e.g. <it>Riesia </it>and <it>Phlomobacter</it>). The resolution of the evolutionary questions encountered within the <it>Arsenophonus </it>clade will thus require identification of new molecular markers suitable for the low-level phylogenetics.</p

Segments of the ancient cultural landscape in the “Hungarian Corner” of Moravia: A valuable pre-industrial heritage

After a brief historical overview, the paper discusses two basic types of natural and cultural heritage in the territory of the “Hungarian corner” of Moravia. For 300 years, this area called a Campus Lucsco in the southeast of today’s republic was disputed territory between the Czech and Hungarian states. Settlement therefore proceeded slowly in waves depending on the political situation. The present international border was established around the year 1333. Numerous documents of the ancient landscape, probably of medieval origin, have been preserved in the current landscape. They are the ground plans of the cores of municipalities, whether they were founded by Czech or Hungarian landlords on one hand, and the remains of ancient land distribution in the form of narrow strips of agricultural land on the other hand. Other areas succumbed to land consolidation during land reforms in the 20th century. While the ground plans of the village cores are only subject to minor changes, the small-scale use of land is still threatened by further merging. The ground plans of the municipalities and land division at the present time (in colour orthophoto maps) were visually compared with the situation documented by the stable cadastre maps from the 1820s–1830s (see Figure 3). Only identical areas in both sources represent urban and rural segments of the pre-industrial landscape, whose roots go back to the dated Medieval Ages. They are documented on selected representative examples well-preserved ground plans of village cores, probably of integrated Hungarian and Czech origin. Similarly, well-preserved examples of the ancient division of agricultural land in flat and dissected terrain both with poly-functional and mono-functional land use are demonstrated. The best-preserved remnants of the ancient pre-industrial landscape are equal in value to protected areas of nature and cultural monuments. Their number and quality these remnants are threatened by economic pressure

Influence of lifetime exposure of sublethal doses of cadmium to selected parameters of carbohydrate metabolism

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of exposure to low doses of cadmium dissolved in drinking water (at a concentration 200 times higher than the maximum permissible dose) on selected parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in 20 Wistar rats. Animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental groups exposed to low doses of cadmium chloride in concentration 20 μM of drinking water. We studied the biochemical parameters, as glucose, hemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and amylase in blood of rats. Glucose, hemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin and amylase levels increased, lactate dehydrogenase was no changed of rats exposed to cadmium. Good indicators of chronic intoxication by cadmium are elevated levels of glucose, hemoglobin and mainly glycated hemoglobin in blood. The evaluation results should be taken into account not only the data at the end of the experiment but for the entire duration of trials (i.e., more time steps), which results largely make objective