Effects of Surface Roughness on the Locomotion of a Long-Tailed Lizard, Colobodactylus taunayi

We analyzed the locomotor behavior of a long-tailed, forest floor, and leaf litter lizard, Colobodactylus taunayi, a species that retains the generalized Gymnophthalmidae Bauplan whilst presenting the discrete toe reduction associated with the Bachia-like pattern of limb reduction. We videotaped individuals moving on four substrates with increasing degrees of roughness: plastic, wooden board, glued sand, and glued gravel. Significantly higher speeds occurred on the last two substrates. As with most other limbed animals, increased speed was significantly correlated with simultaneous increases in both stride length and stride frequency. Independently of the kind of substrate, C. taunayi used rather slow lateral sequence walking trots. In contrast to other ectothermic tetrapods, and especially other Gymnophthalmidae, this species lacked perceptible lateral flexion of either the trunk or the tail to effectuate these slow gaits

Instrumentação para Educação Ambiental e a Prática Interdisciplinar

Material em formato .pdf -- Parte do material do curso de Especialização em Educação Ambiental com Ênfase em Espaços Educadores Sustentáveis– COMFOR – SEB – SECADI – MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃOCoordenação pedagógica do curso: Coordenadora: Romilda Fernández Felisbino / Vice-Coordenadora: Sarah Isabel Pinto Monteiro do Nascimento AlvesEquipe de Produção - SEAD – UNIFESP -- Felipe Vieira Pacheco - Coordenador de Produção / Fábio Gongora Freire - Designer Instrucional / Margeci Leal de Freitas Alves - Designer Instrucional / Fabrício Sawczen - Designer Gráfico• Módulo 5: Instrumentação para Educação Ambiental e a Prática Interdisciplinar -- Este módulo aborda a formação de professores e a Educação Ambiental, englobando saberes ambientais e interdisciplinaridade, percepção ambiental, concepção e produção de material didático, didática e metodologia de ensino. Apresenta os principais problemas socioambientais em aspectos inter e transdisciplinares, e os desafios da Educação Ambiental a partir de tais concepções.Outr

Data from: The world’s biogeographical regions revisited: global patterns of endemism in Tipulidae (Diptera)

This paper explores the distributional data of 4,224 Tipulidae (Insecta: Diptera) species to search for endemism patterns in a worldwide scale and to test the extent to which the global patterns of endemism of the group fit into previously proposed regionalization schemes, particularly Wallace’s system and recent revisions of it. Large scale areas of endemism are assessed using the grid-based method implemented in VNDM. VNDM depends on the prior definition of the grid size for analysis, but a criterion for choosing beforehand a particular grid size is not clear. The same holds for the choice of the level of similarity in species composition selected for the calculation of consensus areas. In our study, we developed a methodological approach that helped defining objective criteria for choosing suitable values for these critical variables. Large-scale areas of endemism around the globe are identified and ranked according to endemicity levels: 1—West Palaearctic, 2—Nearctic, 3—East Palaearctic-Oriental, 4—West North America, 5—Australia, 6—Neotropical, 7—Sub-Saharan Africa, 8—Palaearctic, and 9—Middle East. Our main conclusion is that there are still some limitations in applying biogeographical classifications proposed mostly on the basis of vertebrate distribution to other taxonomic groups, such as the Tipulidae. While there is a general congruence of the broad-scale areas of endemism of tipulids with previously proposed regionalization schemes, for some areas, the sharpness of boundaries between traditional regions is not so acute, due to a great level of overlap of part of its biotic elements

Appendix S1 Tipulidae VNDM

Georeferenced species distribution database containing the distributional records of over 4,000 Tipulidae species. It can be directly opened for analysis in the computer program VNDM

Squamate reptiles from Parque Nacional das Emas and surroundings, Cerrado of Central Brazil

We present a list of squamate reptiles from Parque Nacional da Emas (PNE), ten neighbor private properties and Parque Estadual Nascentes do Rio Taquari, states of Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul. The study area encompasses the headwaters of Araguaia and Taquari river basins and part of Paranaíba River Basin, resulting in significant habitat heterogeneity. Inside PNE, we recorded 74 squamate species: 47 snakes, 21 lizards and six amphisbaenians. If we consider also the neighboring areas, richness value raises to 87 species: 54 snakes, 27 lizards and six amphisbaenians. From these, 52 % of the lizards, 19 % of the snakes and 33 % of the amphisbaenians are Cerrado endemics. Forest-specialist species are more common outside than inside PNE. Additional species are expected to occur in the PNE region, in view of their known geographical ranges

Squamate reptiles from Parque Nacional das Emas and surroundings, Cerrado of Central Brazil

We present a list of squamate reptiles from Parque Nacional da Emas (PNE), ten neighbor private properties and Parque Estadual Nascentes do Rio Taquari, states of Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul. The study area encompasses the headwaters of Araguaia and Taquari river basins and part of Paranaíba River Basin, resulting in significant habitat heterogeneity. Inside PNE, we recorded 74 squamate species: 47 snakes, 21 lizards and six amphisbaenians. If we consider also the neighboring areas, richness value raises to 87 species: 54 snakes, 27 lizards and six amphisbaenians. From these, 52 % of the lizards, 19 % of the snakes and 33 % of the amphisbaenians are Cerrado endemics. Forest-specialist species are more common outside than inside PNE. Additional species are expected to occur in the PNE region, in view of their known geographical ranges

Additional file 1: of Maintenance of demographic and hematological profiles in a long-lasting dengue fever outbreak: implications for management

Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 386 kb

Numerical investment in sex and caste by stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini): a comparative analysis

Sex and caste allocation by five stingless bee species was investigated. The study included species that build royal cells (RCP: Plebeia remota and Schwarziana quadripunctata) and species that do not (RCA: Melipona asilvai, M. bicolor and M. subnitida). Allocation to gynes, males and workers was assessed by linear regression slopes and simple ratios. RCP had higher allocation to males, and RCA had higher allocation to gynes and workers. In both groups, a negative correlation in males vs. workers suggested a prevalent opportunity cost, which may hinder colony growth and/or colony fission

Appendix S2 Comparative Chart

Comparison of the results of the analyses in VNDM saving sets of areas with scores above 8 and 1